The optimal integration of these four aspects results in a clear improvement of our ability to anticipate adverse
effects with higher confidence, which entails an extremely positive impact on society».
Not exact matches
• Moffatt & Stanton (2005) also found «
high level of knowledge about the
effects of passive smoking on baby» and «
confidence in ability to quit» associated
with smoking cessation.
This method allows the scientists to measure very subtle
effects with very
high confidence, while eliminating the
effect of any genetic or epigenetic modifications and cell culture related variations that could occur during the experiment.
Compared
with noncarriers, carriers of PTV at CETP had
higher high - density lipoprotein cholesterol (
effect size, 22.6 mg / dL; 95 %
confidence interval, 18 - 27; P < 1.0 × 10 -LRB--4)-RRB-, lower low - density lipoprotein cholesterol -LRB--12.2 mg / dL; 95 %
confidence interval, -23 to -0.98; P = 0.033), and lower triglycerides -LRB--6.3 %; 95 %
confidence interval, -12 to -0.22; P = 0.043).
Happily, we have four RCTs on the
effects of charter schools that allow us to know something about the
effects of charter schools
with high confidence.
They can not isolate
with confidence the
effect of individual criteria, like whether a teacher is certified in the subject or has
higher SAT scores because «many of the measures of teachers» qualifications are highly correlated
with each other.»
A study
with high internal validity boosts our
confidence that
effects we observe are attributable to the program itself and not to other extraneous factors — that is, we are confident that the program caused the outcome we observed.
Competitive
effects studies may have
high external validity, but they have lower internal validity than RCTs, meaning we don't have as much
confidence as we would
with RCTs that there is a causal relationship between school choice programs and test score gains by students who remain in public schools.
The most recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change states
with «very
high confidence» that «the health of human populations is sensitive to shifts in weather patterns and other aspects of climate change» due to direct
effects — such as changes in temperature and precipitation or occurrence of heat waves, floods, droughts, and fires — as well as indirect
effects — through crop failures, shifting patterns of disease vectors, or displacement of populations.
Number two, the global warming is now large enough that we can ascribe,
with a
high degree of
confidence, a cause - and -
effect relationship to the greenhouse
effect.
Based primarily upon the range of urban minus rural adjusted dataset comparisons and the degree of agreement of these products
with a broad range of reanalysis products, it is unlikely that any uncorrected urban heat - island
effects and LULC change
effects have raised the estimated centennial globally averaged LSAT trends by more than 10 % of the reported trend (
high confidence, based on robust evidence and
high agreement).
So we find a person in his 20's who has yet to be awarded a PhD, who has been a Greenpeace activist, but who is awarded a position as a coordinating lead author on a vital IPCC Chapter which concludes
with very
high confidence that mitigation is required to head off the more damaging
effects of man - made climate change.
He said that ``... the global warming is now large enough that we can describe
with a
high degree of
confidence a cause and
effect relationship between the greenhouse
effect and the observed warming.»
The RCT study design
with an active comparison group (controlling for positive adult instructor and group activity) and comparable groups at baseline provides a
high level of
confidence that the improvements seen in the MBSR arm are due specifically to the mindfulness aspects of the intervention, as opposed to baseline differences and / or other nonspecific intervention
effects.
With a relatively larger (albeit still inadequate) body of literature, UCLA / Lovaas — based intervention and EIBI variant studies have revealed positive shifts in language, adaptive, cognitive, and educational outcomes, but our
confidence (strength of evidence) in that
effect is low because of the need for additional, confirmatory research, a lack of
high - quality RCTs, and no studies that have directly compared
effects of promising manualized treatment approaches.
The greatest
effects for the VIP group were found for mothers
with a ninth - grade or
higher reading level (Cohen d, 0.68; 95 %
confidence interval, 0.33 to 1.03).