Sentences with phrase «efflux pumps»
Efflux pumps are like tiny doors in cells that can expel, or push out, harmful substances like drugs or toxins. They work to protect the cells by getting rid of these unwanted substances, helping the cells to stay healthy and function properly. Full definition
The team's study focused on a prototypical type of efflux pump found in Escherichia coli bacteria, but the researchers anticipate that their antibiotic - reviving approach will be applicable to many Gram - negative bacteria.
sciencedaily.com
New supercomputer simulations have revealed the role of transport proteins called efflux pumps in creating drug - resistance in bacteria, research that could lead to improving the drugs» effectiveness against life - threatening diseases and restoring the efficacy of defunct antibiotics.
Both reductions in efflux pump function were significant compared to the respective controls (P < 0.01)(figure 4).
For those that are not having significant changes by 3 months then I am adding Biocidin to remove biofilms and to decrease antibiotic resistance by blocking efflux pumps that remove antibiotics from germs.
This picture was suddenly complicated in 1999, when Gerd Jürgens and his colleagues at the University of Tübingen in Germany discovered a mutant of the model plant Arabidopsis with efflux pumps everywhere in the cell.
One trick used by some bacteria is to eject antibiotics through so - called efflux pumps embedded in their cellular membranes.
«By understanding how the pump moves and dynamically behaves, we can potentially find a way to deactivate the pump — and antibiotics that haven't worked in a long time may be useful again,» said Los Alamos biophysicist Gnana Gnanakaran, who collaborated with colleagues at the Laboratory and with bacterial efflux pump experts Helen Zgurskaya at the University of Oklahoma and Klaas Pos at Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany.
Among other things, we have identified one mechanism of multi-drug resistance (MDR) involving P - glycoprotein (Pgp) which functions as a drug efflux pump of broad specificity.
The UTSW experiment focused on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and bacterial pathogens with genetically similar efflux pump complexes.
Application of these computational techniques to the multitude of efflux pumps found in different Gram - negative pathogens should allow scientists to elucidate if general mechanisms are shared among different pumps or are pump - specific.
One cell, the mother cell, keeps an old cell pole that originated in a past division, where efflux pump proteins have formed stable clusters.
The TB bacteria use efflux pumps as a strategy to remove drugs and other threats from the cell before they can work against the bacteria.
In - vitro cell culture assays were used to analyze the effect of MIA - 602 on efflux pump function.
One of the primary reasons cancer cells develop resistance is the overexpression of what are known as efflux pumps — proteins that protect a cell by pumping out unwanted toxic substances before they can reach their intended target.
For this study, the researchers focused on efflux pumps inside the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can cause serious illnesses such as pneumonia and sepsis.
Another supplied a plant compound (diosmetin) known to disable efflux pumps in other bacteria.
Saint Louis University researchers then synthesized structural analogs of the discovered efflux pump inhibitors and identified properties essential for their activities.
It had been reported that the ADEP resistance of M. tuberculosis was due to the presence of one or perhaps more efflux pumps.
Fortunately, efflux pumps require a source of chemical energy to perform their function.
In the same way that efflux pumps work hard to protect against toxins, they also expel virtually all clinically relevant chemotherapy drugs.
The AcrA - PPMO also was effective against the human pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica, since those bacteria contain the same efflux pump with a matching gene sequence, Dr. Greenberg said.
This is the first time researchers have tailored one of these synthetic compounds, part of a class called PPMOs or peptide - conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers, to target a specific efflux pump found in bacterial cell walls, said Dr. David Greenberg, Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Microbiology at UT Southwestern and a senior author of the study.
Efflux pumps contribute to multidrug resistance, because they expel antibiotics and other compounds from cells.
«There are two scenarios for how an ADEP efflux pump could operate,» Sello said.
Some life - threatening infections do not respond to antibiotics because efflux pumps inside a particular type of infectious microbe called Gram - negative bacteria flush out antibiotics before the drugs can work.
Some coded for multi-drug efflux pumps, which are multi-drug resistance mechanisms embedded in the bacterial membrane that pump specific antibiotics out of the bacteria.
Although some antibiotics can permeate the protective barriers surrounding bacterial cells, many bacteria have evolved efflux pumps that expel antibiotics back out of the cell and render the medications ineffective.
Furthermore, if an agent is able to penetrate one or both of these membranes, it is often subject to rapid efflux out of the cell by numerous broadly acting efflux pumps - rendering the agent ineffective.
PP: Animal studies, efflux pump assay, and manuscript preparation.
The genes MDR1 and NANOG, both involved in the regulation and expression of efflux pump mechanisms, were significantly suppressed.
We examined the effects of treatment on tumor growth, drug resistance, GHRH - R levels, expression of MDR1 and Nanog, and efflux pump activity.
MIA - 602 also suppressed efflux pump function in both cell lines.
Thiomer - coated liposomes harbor permeation enhancing and efflux pump inhibitory properties.
That's kind of what efflux pumps do.
decreases drug resistance in Lyme by blocking efflux pumps that remove antibiotics from germs,
Studies have revealed that the drug also inhibits bacterial efflux pumps that permit bacteria to survive within cells.
Heterogeneity in a bacterial population that arises through a mechanism of biased partitioning of drug efflux pumps, as we identified in our study, could be a stepping - stone on the path of bacterial populations towards antibiotic resistance.»
In biofilms germs use efflux pumps to remove antibiotics creating antibiotic resistance.
: This study evaluated the effects of an antagonistic analog of growth hormone - releasing hormone, MIA - 602, on tumor growth, response to doxorubicin, expression of drug resistance genes, and efflux pump function in human triple negative breast cancers.
ORNL researchers used supercomputing to identify chemicals that seek out and disrupt the assembly of bacterial proteins called efflux pumps, known to be a major cause of antibiotic resistance.
The team focused on one efflux pump protein, known as AcrA, which connects two other proteins in a tunnel shape through the bacterial cell envelope.
The findings, published November 28 in Scientific Reports, offer a better understanding of the motions and functions of efflux pumps.
As such, by cutting off the energy supply to the efflux pumps, oncologists could lower — or even eliminate — a cell's resistance to drugs, such as those administered for chemotherapy.
Recognizing this, He and his research team developed a way to reduce the amount of chemical energy — adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-- available to the efflux pumps in cancer cells.
Such treatment both reduces the expression of the efflux pumps and decreases their distribution on the cell plasma membrane.
To address this challenge, our research group is using nanoparticles not only to deliver more chemotherapy drugs to the target site within cancer cells, but also to compromise the function of the efflux pumps and thereby significantly improve safety and efficacy of cancer therapy.»
About a year ago, his research team identified a mutation in E. coli that increased drug sensitivity by blocking an efflux pump complex called AcrAB - TolC.
The most common types of resistance uncovered were efflux pumps and other genes conferring resistance to vancomycin, tetracycline, or beta - lactam antibiotics, which are in common use in veterinary and human healthcare.
Bacteria that use these «efflux pumps» and that are treated with the new compound become sensitive to antibiotics they were previously resistant to.