The O - 6 / 3 ratio in macadamia nuts is upside down & does not provide enough organic CIS omega 6 for synthesis of the complete suite
of eicosanoids for optimum health.
Together with the right diet, it addresses gastrointestinal and hepatic function as well
as eicosanoid balance and cytokine metabolism.
To study the molecular mechanisms of kidney fibrosis, focusing on cell - matrix interactions and arachidonic acid -
derived eicosanoids in kidney injury.
Arachidonic acid - derived
eicosanoids in kidney homeostasis: The P450 arachidonic acid monooxygenases oxidize arachidonic acid to a) 19 - or 20 - HETE (w - hydroxylase or CYP4 isoforms), or b) 5,6 -, 8,9 -, 11,12 -, or 14,15 - EET (epoxygenase or CYP2 isoforms).
When incorporated into the cell membranes of the body, these omega - 3 and omega - 6 fatty acids function as precursors
for eicosanoids that control a host of cellular functions and responses.
As I illustrated above, arachidonic acid is processed by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) to produce pro-inflammatory signaling molecules
called eicosanoids, including leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.
Compared to dietary omega - 6 fatty acids, which generally give rise to more inflammatory thromboxanes, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes, omega - 3 fatty acids are metabolized into less
inflammatory eicosanoid signaling molecules.
Long chain ω - 3 (EPA moreso than DHA) fats are generally thought to reduce inflammatory signalling because they compete with the ω - 6 fat arachidonic acid for conversion to
eicosanoid signaling molecules.
CYP - 13A12 promotes oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids
into eicosanoids, signaling molecules that can strongly affect inflammatory pain and ischemia - reperfusion injury responses in mammals.
Excess Omega 6s oxidation appears to cause arterial damage and my unanswered question; is that damaging oxidation the result of
eicosanoid omega 6 chemical oxidation cascades rather than mitochondrial oxidation?
These molecules
include eicosanoids prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4 and thromboxane TXB2, second messengers cAMP and cGMP, as well as bile acids, conjugated steroids, and folic acid.
These fatty acids are converted to
eicosanoids such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
If we can alter our diet to favor Omega 3 metabolism, we will have
less eicosanoids from Omega 6's and as a result, lower systemic inflammation.
This particular enzyme produces arachidonic acids from the membrane, which is then transformed into prostaglandins, plus other compounds known as
eicosanoids which have a contributing role in the degradative processes.
Both Omega - 6 and Omega
-3-derived eicosanoids are important signaling molecules, but each has different effects, both figuring prominently in the body's response to inflammation.
The following chart, from an article
entitled Eicosanoids and Ischemic Heart Disease by Stephan Guyenet, clearly illustrates the correlation between a rising intake of n - 6 and increased mortality from heart disease:
The specific anti-inflammatory
chemicals eicosanoids, mentioned above, have similar effects to aspirin, but without downsides such as gastric bleeding.
For example, hydrogenated oils like canola oil cause your body to
create eicosanoids - these are the small fatty acids that sit inside your cells.
In another autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis, omega - 3 supplementation was found to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and
eicosanoids involved in the pathogenesis of the disease (Morin, Blier, & Fortin, 2015).
Higher intakes of n − 6 fatty acids were suggested to be harmful to human health because of being the precursors of
proinflammatory eicosanoids (27 — 29).
«little scientific support for the connections made between diet, endocrinology and
eicosanoid metabolism»
Both pathways essentially involve elongation of the 18 - carbon EFA's to the 20 - carbon root used in each of the three
eicosanoid types, plus further desaturation.
Unfortunately they are also known to block
beneficial eicosanoids and cytokines due to their indiscriminate blocking nature.
If you don't
discuss eicosanoid activity, polyunsaturate balance and its effects on SOCS and cortisol, etc I'm going raw vegan.
Srivastava, K. C. Isolation and effects of some ginger components on platelet aggregation and
eicosanoid biosynthesis.
Both are required for complete optimal metabolic function and their function in the body is similar in that they are both used to generate a wide
range eicosanoids, the technical term for the aforementioned «signal molecules.»
Using turmeric to slow the body's production of
eicosanoids brings their levels in the body back to normal levels and as a result, chronic systemic inflammation in the body decreases significantly.
It must depend how the oxidation is being generated as well eg mitochondrial type energy processes, or chemical reaction
like eicosanoid production, and where if at all do the two meet.
The drugs have similar effects to those of steroids, including
depressing eicosanoids that transmit signals to the brain.
And most importantly, adding omega 3 fatty acids to your pet's diet will increase the production of
non-inflammatory eicosanoids and decrease inflammation.
The anti-inflammatory action of curcumin comes from it's ability to inhibit the body's production of pro-inflammatory signaling compounds
called eicosanoids.
A lack of efforts to reduce inflammation in the body can contribute chronic Western disease, such as heart disease and cancer Omega - 3 fatty acids have proven to reduce the production of molecules and substances linked to inflammation, such as
inflammatory eicosanoids and cytokines Studies have consistently shown a link between higher omega - 3 intake and reduced inflammation.
Omega 3's and Omega 6's compete against each other in the body for the enzymes needed to convert them
into eicosanoids.
Docosahexaenoic acid is not a precursor
for eicosanoids but is an important structural component of the gray matter of the brain, the retina of the eye, and specific cell membranes and is found in high levels in the testes and sperm.
Polyunsaturated fats (which include Omega - 3s, like fish oil, and Omega - 6s) convert to
eicosanoids in the body.
Some cytochrome p450 enzymes act on polyunsaturated fatty acids to make cellular signaling molecules known as
eicosanoids.
MSC constitutively express
the eicosanoid PGE - 2 175.
Our research has focused on the participation of the oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid (
eicosanoids) in the pathophysiology and treatment of human diseases.