Sentences with phrase «electrical signal on»

A switch simply turns an electrical signal on or off (e.g., a light switch, the right - click button on a mouse, the spacebar on a keyboard).

The stimulator provides an electrical signal on and off throughout the day.

Not exact matches

Embedded in the headset are 16 electrodes that press lightly on my scalp, monitoring the electrical signals generated by the 3 pounds of toothpaste - like goo sealed in my skull.

Standard x-ray systems have one detector containing individual elements called diodes, which convert the level of detected x-ray energy into an electrical signal that's sent back to the machine's on - board computer.

Traditional implants rely on a series of electrodes that lie directly against the membrane of the inner ear, and use electrical signals to stimulate the auditory nerves lying beneath.

These materials are also used in everyday devices, such as loudspeakers, which rely on piezoelectrics to convert electrical signals to mechanical vibrations which create sound waves to produce the desired acoustic signal.

When one neuron's signal is strong enough, it causes the neuron on the other side of the synapse to fire an electrical spike.

The electrical signals in the muscles are sensed by electrodes on the skin.

The new device would use the same type of sensor, but the signal it generates would travel to a microchip implanted in the ear, which would convert it to an electrical signal and pass it on to an electrode in the cochlea.

Applying alternating electrical signal to the material causes the material to deform periodically and generate sound waves that grow on its surface, similar to earthquake waves that grow from the center of the earthquake.

New research involves a lot of different ways to affect the brain: drugs, electrical signals, and, yes, actually shining light on neurons.

The lab designed a prosthesis that uses a technique called electromyography to pick up on electrical signals in the upper arm muscles.

The signal: four equations that govern how electrical and magnetic fields respond to electric charge and its motion, plus one equation that specifies the force those fields exert on charge.

In the new study, the team focused on neurons called amacrine cells and horizontal cells, which have a known role in «preprocessing» — or adjusting — electrical signals transmitted to the brain from the photoreceptors after they have been stimulated by light photons.

The electrical signals were calibrated so that Sørensen could feel a range of sensation, from the slightest touch to firm pressure just below his pain threshold, depending on the strength of his grip.

It offers new ways to miniaturize mechanical oscillators, improve communication systems that depend on the modulation of light, dramatically amplify extremely weak mechanical and electrical signals and create exquisitely sensitive sensors for the tiny motions of nanoparticles.

The team reported in Molecular and Cellular Proteomics that, compared with controls, PGD mice were more forgetful, heavier and had less myelin (a fatty coating on nerves that allows electrical signals to move quickly across nerve cells).

«NMR is a very powerful tool, but its measurements rely on amplification of electrical signals at radio - frequencies.

On one level, there's the dynamics of electrical currents that constitute the main signaling method of the brain's nerve cells.

Huang's work focuses on technology that translates electrical signals in human muscle into signals that control powered prosthetic limbs.

«My work has focused on developing technology that translates electrical signals in human muscle into signals that control powered prosthetic limbs — such as decoding muscle signals to tell a prosthetic leg that it needs to walk forward or step up onto a staircase,» says Dr. Helen Huang, senior author of a paper on the work and an associate professor in the joint biomedical engineering program at North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

TMS uses a magnetic coil placed on the head to increase electrical signaling a few centimeters into the brain.

Electrodes are surgically implanted into or on top of target nerve fibres, ready to sense electrical signals from neural activity or to deliver electric current that mimics the language of the nervous system.

Depending on the magnetic configuration of the spin valve, the electrical signal is transmitted (bottom) or suppressed (top).

Interestingly, by recording the electrical activity in the spinal cords of mice depleted of NPY interneurons, the researchers discovered that the NPY neurons seem to selectively inhibit or gate light touch signals coming from hairy skin, but not the non-hairy (glabrous) skin, such as the skin found on your palm.

To determine if depression has an effect on vision, neuropsychiatrist Ludger Tebartz van Elst of the University of Freiburg hooked up depressed patients and control subjects to a pattern electroretinograph, a device that measures electrical signals in the retina.

NIST's artificial synapse is a tiny metal cylinder that processes incoming electrical spikes to customize spiking output signals based on a tunable internal design.

«The electrical signal is thus not based on an electric current but is caused by a mechanical force,» points out Thomas Heimburg.

The technology is advancing to the point in which we can have a much better understanding of how the brain works comprehensively, rather than just focusing on neurons because their electrical signals make them appear brighter when imaging the brain.»

Both act as switches that can either transmit or not transmit electrical pulses, depending on signals they receive.

The optical data pulses are then regenerated by using the electrical signals to turn on and off an auxiliary laser source.

He received his Ph.D. from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Toronto, Canada, and has worked on several problems in artificial perception, including sound localization and signal separation.

A temporary bioelectronic device implanted on the lower spinal cord will transmit electrical impulses, mimicking brain signals, from below the spinal injury to the legs.

A subset of neurons will fire — that is, send electrical signals that convey information — when a person focuses their attention on the upper half of a scene, whereas a different subgroup activates when attention is transferred to the lower half.

Nerve cells rely on ion channels and pumps to orchestrate the continual ebb and flow of charged particles across the cell membrane, which enables the electrical signaling that nerves use to communicate.

The electrical signals must then be sent to another processing chip that converts the strength of the signals to a digital stream of pulses that is only then sent on to peripheral nerves or brain tissue.

Specialised cells that could carry messages using electrical impulses and chemical signals — the first nerve cells — arose very early on.

Neurons communicate with each other through chemical and electrical signals that can be excitatory (activating) or inhibitory (deactivating), depending on their class: Pyramidal cells are excitatory neurons whilst interneurons are inhibitory.

Researchers have also created a whole kit of proteins that might be used someday to build nanowires that carry electrical signals, cages that contain and safely deliver drugs, or latticework that acts a mat on which to grow new cells to heal wounds.

Electrodes placed on the head or directly in brain tissue allow scientists to monitor the cumulative effect of this electrical activity, called electroencephalography (EEG) signals.

Assistant Professor Arindam Basu from NTU's School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering said the research team have tested the chip on data recorded from animal models, which showed that it could decode the brain's signal to the hand and fingers with 95 per cent accuracy.

This means it will be bombarded by high - energy cosmic rays, which can interfere with signals, or even build up enough of an electrical charge to cause small lightning strikes on the telescope.

Optogenetics, a technology that allows scientists to control brain activity by shining light on neurons, relies on light - sensitive proteins that can suppress or stimulate electrical signals within cells.

The following year, based on experiments in the giant squid axon, British biophysicists Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley described how ion flow across the cell membrane generates the electrical spikes — called action potentials — that constitute these signals.

NANOGrav scientists make use of some of the world's best telescopes and most advanced technology, drawing on physics, computer science, signal processing, and electrical engineering.

The electrical signals and chemical signatures that constitute the experience of the dream may disappear as wakefulness ensues, like a message written on a fogged mirror that vanishes as the steam evaporates.

The research, published online on April 18 in the journal Lab on a Chip, describes the successful recording of both electrical signals and cellular beating from normal human heart cells grown on a multi-electrode array developed at the Lab.

LLNL researcher Anna Ivanovskaya, who worked on the circuit modeling and engineering, said choosing the right geometry for the chip also was difficult because the layout influences the electrical signal.

Susan Amara, USA - «Regulation of transporter function and trafficking by amphetamines, Structure - function relationships in excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), Modulation of dopamine transporters (DAT) by GPCRs, Genetics and functional analyses of human trace amine receptors» Tom I. Bonner, USA (Past Core Member)- Genomics, G protein coupled receptors Michel Bouvier, Canada - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - Coupled Receptors; Molecular mechanisms controlling the selectivity and efficacy of GPCR signalling Thomas Burris, USA - Nuclear Receptor Pharmacology and Drug Discovery William A. Catterall, USA (Past Core Member)- The Molecular Basis of Electrical Excitability Steven Charlton, UK - Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Moses Chao, USA - Mechanisms of Neurotophin Receptor Signaling Mark Coles, UK - Cellular differentiation, human embryonic stem cells, stromal cells, haematopoietic stem cells, organogenesis, lymphoid microenvironments, develomental immunology Steven L. Colletti, USA Graham L Collingridge, UK Philippe Delerive, France - Metabolic Research (diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, cardio - vascular diseases, nuclear hormone receptor, GPCRs, kinases) Sir Colin T. Dollery, UK (Founder and Past Core Member) Richard M. Eglen, UK Stephen M. Foord, UK David Gloriam, Denmark - GPCRs, databases, computational drug design, orphan recetpors Gillian Gray, UK Debbie Hay, New Zealand - G protein - coupled receptors, peptide receptors, CGRP, Amylin, Adrenomedullin, Migraine, Diabetes / obesity Allyn C. Howlett, USA Franz Hofmann, Germany - Voltage dependent calcium channels and the positive inotropic effect of beta adrenergic stimulation; cardiovascular function of cGMP protein kinase Yu Huang, Hong Kong - Endothelial and Metabolic Dysfunction, and Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Estrogen Deficiency, Endothelium - derived Contracting Factors in the Regulation of Vascular Tone, Adipose Tissue Regulation of Vascular Function in Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension, Pharmacological Characterization of New Anti-diabetic and Anti-hypertensive Drugs, Hypotensive and antioxidant Actions of Biologically Active Components of Traditional Chinese Herbs and Natural Plants including Polypehnols and Ginsenosides Adriaan P. IJzerman, The Netherlands - G protein - coupled receptors; allosteric modulation; binding kinetics Michael F Jarvis, USA - Purines and Purinergic Receptors and Voltage-gated ion channel (sodium and calcium) pharmacology Pain mechanisms Research Reproducibility Bong - Kiun Kaang, Korea - G protein - coupled receptors; Glutamate receptors; Neuropsychiatric disorders Eamonn Kelly, Prof, UK - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - coupled receptors, in particular opioid receptors, regulation of GPCRs by kinasis and arrestins Terry Kenakin, USA - Drug receptor pharmacodynamics, receptor theory Janos Kiss, Hungary - Neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease Stefan Knapp, Germany - Rational design of highly selective inhibitors (so call chemical probes) targeting protein kinases as well as protein interaction inhibitors of the bromodomain family Andrew Knight, UK Chris Langmead, Australia - Drug discovery, GPCRs, neuroscience and analytical pharmacology Vincent Laudet, France (Past Core Member)- Evolution of the Nuclear Receptor / Ligand couple Margaret R. MacLean, UK - Serotonin, endothelin, estrogen, microRNAs and pulmonary hyperten Neil Marrion, UK - Calcium - activated potassium channels, neuronal excitability Fiona Marshall, UK - GPCR molecular pharmacology, structure and drug discovery Alistair Mathie, UK - Ion channel structure, function and regulation, pain and the nervous system Ian McGrath, UK - Adrenoceptors; autonomic transmission; vascular pharmacology Graeme Milligan, UK - Structure, function and regulation of G protein - coupled receptors Richard Neubig, USA (Past Core Member)- G protein signaling; academic drug discovery Stefan Offermanns, Germany - G protein - coupled receptors, vascular / metabolic signaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) traSignaling Mark Coles, UK - Cellular differentiation, human embryonic stem cells, stromal cells, haematopoietic stem cells, organogenesis, lymphoid microenvironments, develomental immunology Steven L. Colletti, USA Graham L Collingridge, UK Philippe Delerive, France - Metabolic Research (diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, cardio - vascular diseases, nuclear hormone receptor, GPCRs, kinases) Sir Colin T. Dollery, UK (Founder and Past Core Member) Richard M. Eglen, UK Stephen M. Foord, UK David Gloriam, Denmark - GPCRs, databases, computational drug design, orphan recetpors Gillian Gray, UK Debbie Hay, New Zealand - G protein - coupled receptors, peptide receptors, CGRP, Amylin, Adrenomedullin, Migraine, Diabetes / obesity Allyn C. Howlett, USA Franz Hofmann, Germany - Voltage dependent calcium channels and the positive inotropic effect of beta adrenergic stimulation; cardiovascular function of cGMP protein kinase Yu Huang, Hong Kong - Endothelial and Metabolic Dysfunction, and Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Estrogen Deficiency, Endothelium - derived Contracting Factors in the Regulation of Vascular Tone, Adipose Tissue Regulation of Vascular Function in Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension, Pharmacological Characterization of New Anti-diabetic and Anti-hypertensive Drugs, Hypotensive and antioxidant Actions of Biologically Active Components of Traditional Chinese Herbs and Natural Plants including Polypehnols and Ginsenosides Adriaan P. IJzerman, The Netherlands - G protein - coupled receptors; allosteric modulation; binding kinetics Michael F Jarvis, USA - Purines and Purinergic Receptors and Voltage-gated ion channel (sodium and calcium) pharmacology Pain mechanisms Research Reproducibility Bong - Kiun Kaang, Korea - G protein - coupled receptors; Glutamate receptors; Neuropsychiatric disorders Eamonn Kelly, Prof, UK - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - coupled receptors, in particular opioid receptors, regulation of GPCRs by kinasis and arrestins Terry Kenakin, USA - Drug receptor pharmacodynamics, receptor theory Janos Kiss, Hungary - Neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease Stefan Knapp, Germany - Rational design of highly selective inhibitors (so call chemical probes) targeting protein kinases as well as protein interaction inhibitors of the bromodomain family Andrew Knight, UK Chris Langmead, Australia - Drug discovery, GPCRs, neuroscience and analytical pharmacology Vincent Laudet, France (Past Core Member)- Evolution of the Nuclear Receptor / Ligand couple Margaret R. MacLean, UK - Serotonin, endothelin, estrogen, microRNAs and pulmonary hyperten Neil Marrion, UK - Calcium - activated potassium channels, neuronal excitability Fiona Marshall, UK - GPCR molecular pharmacology, structure and drug discovery Alistair Mathie, UK - Ion channel structure, function and regulation, pain and the nervous system Ian McGrath, UK - Adrenoceptors; autonomic transmission; vascular pharmacology Graeme Milligan, UK - Structure, function and regulation of G protein - coupled receptors Richard Neubig, USA (Past Core Member)- G protein signaling; academic drug discovery Stefan Offermanns, Germany - G protein - coupled receptors, vascular / metabolic signaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) trasignaling; academic drug discovery Stefan Offermanns, Germany - G protein - coupled receptors, vascular / metabolic signaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) trasignaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) trasignaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) transporters

Building on past work, scientists create wheelchairs controlled directly by electrical signals inside monkeys» brains.