Sentences with phrase «electrodes directly»

Attaching electrodes directly to the brain seems to be a simpler and faster route than having to go through the smartphone interface, which is still awesome by the way.

Surgeons implant a grid of electrodes directly onto the surface of the brain to record its electrical activity.

However, it is currently not clear how to know which neurons belong to a particular group; worse still, current technologies (like sticking fine electrodes directly into the brain) are not well suited to measuring several thousand neurons at once.

The easiest way to manipulate the brain is through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which involves applying electrodes directly to the head to influence neuron activity with an electric current.

To answer this question, the neuroscientists reproduced the BA / DA task with people who have electrodes directly implanted in their brains for medical reasons.

In the lab, they adapted the standard experimental technique for studying place cells: implanting electrodes directly into a rat's hippocampus and recording from them as the animal runs freely in a large box (see «A sense of place»).

Physicians cut through the scalp, drilled into the skull and placed a thin sheet of electrodes directly on top of the brain.

Some researchers favor systems that, unlike the new one, implant electrodes directly into the muscles, giving patients more precise control.

First, researchers showed that they could create visual images in a blind woman by implanting electrodes directly into her brain.

The most invasive techniques involve implanting electrodes directly into a patient's peripheral nerves or directly into his or her brain.

Eighteen years ago, a blind patient saw a similar flash of light when Mark Humayun, an ophthalmologist and biomedical engineer at the University of Southern California's Doheny Eye Institute, placed an electrode directly on the person's retina during surgery.

â $ œWe canâ $ ™ t be that hard on Penfield, because the number of cases where he was able to study head movement was quite limited, and studying head motion as he did, by applying an electrode directly to the brain, creates some challenges, â $ says lead author Buz Jinnah, MD, professor of neurology, human genetics and pediatrics at Emory University School of Medicine.

Not exact matches

The device, developed by Dong Song, a professor of biomedical engineering at the University of Southern California, consists of electrodes implanted directly in the brain.

Traditional implants rely on a series of electrodes that lie directly against the membrane of the inner ear, and use electrical signals to stimulate the auditory nerves lying beneath.

In animals, implanted electrodes were used to measure the activity of individual grid cells directly, but this is not a practical option in humans.

Then, Feng recognized a novel opportunity to directly measure whether tDCS generates EFs in deep brain areas among patients with movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, who are often treated by implanting DBS electrodes.

The device is an improved version of a clinical tool called an electrode grid, which is a plastic or silicone - based grid of electrodes that is placed directly on the surface of the brain during surgery to monitor the activity of large groups of neurons.

To answer these questions, a team of MUSC investigators led by stroke neurologist and physician - scientist Wayne Feng, M.D., MS, attempted something that has never before been tried — they directly measured tDCS - generated EFs in vivo using deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes that were already implanted in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Nealson's team is one of a handful that is now growing these bacteria directly on electrodes, keeping them alive with electricity and nothing else — neither sugars nor any other kind of nutrient.

Until now, there has been no analytical technique available that can directly determine the maximum charging rate, which is a function of the state of charge, temperature, electrode geometry, and other factors, before lithium metal plating starts.

Whereas Olds stimulated rats» brains directly with electrodes, Wise, then a researcher at Concordia University in Montreal, did so indirectly with intravenous tubing used to deliver drugs like amphetamine.

«Until now, the only way to achieve this was a risky surgical procedure known as deep brain stimulation, in which electrodes are implanted directly inside the thalamus,» he said.

Specifically, the study relied on data collected at NYU ECoG, a center where brain activity is recorded directly from patients implanted with specialized electrodes placed directly inside and on the surface of the brain while the patients are performing sensory and cognitive tasks.

«This is the first time that anyone has been able to directly verify how the lithium concentration evolves in space and time within the electrode of a live battery cell containing a typical wet electrolyte,» he said.

Instead of contacting the hydrogenase directly to the electrode, an immobilization in a redox hydrogel shall protect the construct.

When the researchers exposed R. ferrireducens to a solution of glucose in a chamber containing a graphite electrode they found that when the bacterium fed on the sugar, it transferred electrons directly to the electrode, producing a current.

Steve Chang and his colleagues from Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, used electrodes to directly record neuronal activity in three areas of the brain prefrontal cortex that are known to be involved in social decision - making, while monkeys performed reward - related tasks.

While the rats ran and then paused after reaching the food, the neurobiologists directly measured the animals» brain cell activity using carefully placed electrodes.

Immersed in a small tank of sugar water, the microbes settled on the electrode and got busy, extracting electrons from the sugar and dropping them directly on the electrode, which fed an external circuit: Voilà, electricity.

In late 2009, Harkema and Edgerton's team implanted the electrode array directly over Summers» dura.

The electrochemical reactions inside the porous electrodes of batteries and fuel cells have been described by theorists, but never measured directly.

Nobody of course has a way of harvesting this power directly, but an old - fashioned experiment with electrodes in a laboratory shows that huge quantities of potential power are being lost every day, in unexpected ways.

The results, he said, can be directly applied to many oxide and graphite electrodes used in today's commercial lithium ion batteries and in about half of those under development.

In order to identify the part of their brains responsible for seizures, the patients underwent 1 to 4 weeks of observation through electrocorticography (ECoG), a technique that provides precise neural recordings via electrodes placed directly on the surface of the brain.

This can be done directly by measuring brainwaves using electrodes, but the results are very imprecise.

But it wasn't until May this year that researchers measured the firing of mirror neurons in humans directly, using electrodes implanted in the brains of epileptic patients awaiting surgery (Current Biology, vol 20, p 750).

Earlier this year, another team reported using a brain machine interface to allow a quadriplegic to move his finger and arms, but that system directly activated arm muscles with brain signals detected by implanted electrodes, bypassing the damaged spinal cord.

This means that it is possible to «tether» bacteria directly to electrodes — bringing scientists a step closer to creating efficient microbial fuel cells or «bio-batteries».

The newer, brain - controlled versions of these devices work in one of two ways; either through an electroencephalogram (EEG) cap that detects neural activity using electrodes placed on the scalp or a device planted directly into the brain.

Before now, scientists could only manipulate neurons directly and invasively by stimulating them with electrodes.

Electrodes placed on the head or directly in brain tissue allow scientists to monitor the cumulative effect of this electrical activity, called electroencephalography (EEG) signals.

Growing a material directly on the surface eliminates steps in testing new ideas for electrodes or catalysts.

The paper PSCs were developed with a low - temperature Paper / Au / SnO2 / meso - TiO2 / CH3NH3PbI3 / Spiro - OMeTAD / MoOx / Au / MoOx architecture utilizing a Au / SnO2 and MoOx / Au / MoOx stack as electron - and hole - extracting electrodes respectively, delivering state of the art power conversion efficiency of 2.7 % for solar cells prepared directly on the opaque paper substrate.

An optimal enzyme system would directly transfer electrons captured from a chemical reaction to an electrode surface — ideally, to use enzymes immobilized on the surface of an electrode.

With intratumoral electroporation, tumor cell pores are opened when a mild electrical current is introduced directly through an electrode.

It also produces a counteracting voltage and an electrical current in the external circuit between the two electrodes, which can be then used directly to power other devices.»

The protons are pulled through the electrolyte directly to the other electrode, called the cathode, which is positively charged.

The artificial arm, directly attached to the skeleton provides mechanical stability, while the nerves and muscles interfaced through neuromuscular electrodes control the system.