Sentences with phrase «electron flow»

Indeed, the future of electronics lies in optical control of electron flows.

That should not happen — normally, you need voltage to make electrons flow.

The borders between these crystals interfere with electron flow and have so far hampered development of electronic devices based on carbon.

The smoother the seam between two materials, the more easily electrons flow across it; essential for how well the electronic devices function.

The smoother the seam between two materials, the more easily electrons flow across it, which is essential for how well electronic devices function.

And you can order characteristics that you need, for example, a certain electron flow direction or strength.

However, apply an outside current to a secondary battery and the negative - to - positive electron flow that occurs during discharge is reversed.

Now let us turn to another aspect of electron flow.

Graphene is an extremely good conductor of electricity, as electrons flow through graphene with virtually no friction.

But in a technique called adiabatic quantum computing, researchers cool metal circuits into a superconducting state in which electrons flow freely, resulting in qubits.

Hydrogen atoms are formed in such devices only when electrons flow into a fluid where they can combine with hydrogen ions; those atoms in turn combine with each other to create hydrogen gas.

The researchers found that as electrons flowed out of the manganite into the neighboring nickelate, the non-magnetic nickelate suddenly became magnetic — but not in a typical way.

LOS ANGELES — Give a graphene layer cake a twist and it superconducts — electrons flow freely through it without resistance.

Incorporation of CNTs enhanced electron flow associated with photosynthesis by 49 % in extracted chloroplasts and by 30 % in leaves of living plants, and incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) into extracted chloroplasts significantly reduced concentrations of superoxide, a compound that is toxic to plants.

The theory allows researchers to model how electrons flow through a material by considering it a liquid of electronlike particles.

«With this discovery, instead of facing the challenge of how to use only the electrons on the surface of a material, now you can just cut the material open and you have light - like electrons flowing in three dimensions inside the materials,» said M. Zahid Hasan, a professor of physics at Princeton, who led the discovery.

But whereas those materials were made up of covalent bonds — in which pairs of atoms share electrons — these 2 - D metals are composed of metallic bonds, where electrons flow more freely among atoms.

When monitoring electrons flowing out of the upper atmosphere, they noticed the electrons were not escaping at their expected speeds because they were being tugged on by Venus» potent electric field.

Rather like electrons flowing without electrical resistance, at temperatures close to absolute zero, some atoms turn superfluid, flowing with no friction or physical resistance.

Superconductivity is a phenomenon that involves electrons flowing through certain materials uninhibited without experiencing any form of energy loss.

When the device was switched on, electrons flowed single - file through each double quantum dot, causing them to emit photons in the microwave region of the spectrum.

Two groups of students, those who used real equipment and those who used a computer simulation that explicitly modeled electron flow, were compared in terms of their mastery of physics concepts and skills with real equipment.

Natelson's research involves complicated electron flow through single - molecule transistors, as well as organic semiconductors — carbon - based materials that are intended to replace silicon transistors in some electronic devices.

Some researchers have hypothesized that the ripples might hinder electron flow through graphene, but that assertion has proved difficult to test.

Unlike superconducting metal alloys, which must remain within a few degrees of absolute zero in order to display their resistance - free electron flow, high - Tc superconductors can operate at temperatures around 77 kelvins.

At the same time, electrons flow outside the battery through an electric load from the cathode to the anode.

«The thermal conductivity of the star crust depends on how electrons flow past these shapes,» he says.

So many electrons flow in a conventional cable that the current appears to be homogeneous.

In the current study, the researchers theorize that the laws of physics prohibit current from flowing in the crystal's bulk and top and bottom surfaces, but permit electron flow in completely different ways on the side surfaces through the hourglass - shaped channels.

While the negative electrons flow out as usable current, the positive protons are drawn to the cathode, where they recombine with returning electrons and oxygen to produce water.

What time of day the recharging electrons flow form a wall plug into an electric car's batteries also matters in this calculation.

Working out how fermions interact in the relatively simple atom clouds could help clarify the key properties of high - temperature, frictionless electron flow, Sommer says.

Super-complexes, able to specifically perform linear or cyclic photosynthetic electron flow have been identified, and all contain the enzyme ferredoxin NADP + reductase (FNR), which is also present as a soluble protein.

X05 Invited Hydrodynamic electron flow in topological materials Room: LACC 152 Sponsor: DCMP DMP Chair: Stuart Parkin Invited Speakers: Andrew Mackenzie, Sean Hartnoll, Subir Sachdev, Johannes Gooth, Roshan Krishna

The earth's natural electrons flow right up through the ground wire and onto the mat, even if you're in a high rise.

«In this tunnel junction, holes from the silicon solar cell recombine with electrons flowing from the perovskite solar cell using quantum mechanical tunneling,» said Jonathan Mailoa, a graduate student at MIT and co-author of the report, in an email.

Less evident is the concept that electrons and atoms can move cooperatively to stop the flow of charge — or, in the other extreme, make electrons flow freely without resistance.

Researchers manipulate the proteins contained in the thylakoids, interrupting the pathway along which electrons flow.

To get a more direct look at the patterns of electron flow in Weyl semi-metals, postdoctoral researcher Hiroyuki Inoue and graduate student András Gyenis in Yazdani's lab, with help from graduate student Seong Woo Oh, used a highly sensitive instrument called a scanning tunneling microscope, one of the few tools that can observe electron waves on a crystal surface.

Exquisite control of the temporal shape of the electromagnetic fields of the light waves is indispensable for their use in the switching of electron flows in condensed matter and in single atoms, and hence for optoelectronics.

As a read head moves above bits of magnetic data, changes in the magnetic orientation of those bits alter the electrical resistance of electrons flowing through the sensor, translating the magnetic data into a stream of electrical pulses.

No electron flow?

Our cells break down the sugars, and the electrons flow through them in a complex set of chemical reactions until they are passed on to electron - hungry oxygen.

The horizontal cause of it is the stroke of the strings, the electrons flowing through the cable, the transistor junction that amplifies it, the vibration of air from the speaker, but the vertical cause of it is simply his will to play that chord at that instant.

Electrons flowing through this fluid generate an electric current, which in turn creates a magnetic field.

Our cells break down the sugars, and the electrons flow through them in a complex set of chemical reactions until they are passed on to electron - hungry oxygen.