According to the Italian - led experimental collaborations behind the proposal — ICARUS and NESSiE — the simultaneous measurement of muon and
electron neutrinos at both near and far detectors would provide much stronger evidence for or against the existence of sterile neutrinos than is possible with just a single detector like the one used for LSND.
The group did spot an odd uptick in the number of
electron neutrinos at lower energies — 369 events instead of 273.
Not exact matches
They know that the fusion processes
at its heart produce
electron neutrinos — uncharged relatives of the
electron, and one of the three known types of
neutrino.
It has now detected the arrival of 28
electron neutrinos, showing direct signs of this type of
neutrino oscillation, the team announced last week
at a physics meeting in Stockholm, Sweden.
Several years ago, an experiment
at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, US, turned up evidence of what appeared to be a sterile
neutrino with a mass of about 1
electron volt.
Other priorities include: upgrading the LHC, which shut down in February for two years to boost its energies from 7 TeV to 14 TeV; plans to build an International Linear Collider in Japan, to collide beams of
electrons and positrons as a complement to the LHC's proton findings; and a major US project to exploit high - intensity
neutrino beams generated
at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois.
Scientists know the mass of every other fundamental particle, such as the
electron, but the
neutrino —
at least a million times as light as the
electron — is far more elusive because of its transformative ways.
Astrophysicists put the upper limit of the mass of the
neutrino at 0.28
electron volt, based on the distribution of galaxies according to the 3 - D Mega Z map.
Physicists with the SNO looked
at neutrinos from the sun, all of which start out as
electron neutrinos.
Hardly interacting with other matter,
neutrinos come in the three different types —
electron, muon, and tau — and the winners of this year's prize showed that the three types can morph into one another as the particles zip along
at near - light speed.
Since 1998, physicists have also known that
neutrinos can change type as they zing along
at near light - speed, so that a muon
neutrino can become an
electron neutrino, and so on.
That was the Liquid Scintillator
Neutrino Detector (LSND)
at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, which in data acquired between 1993 and 1998 showed muon antineutrinos to be oscillating into
electron antineutrinos far more readily than expected.
Scientists could then pinpoint the trajectory of the particle, allowing them to better distinguish between
electron neutrino interactions and other events and thus determine whether there really is an excess of oscillations
at low energies.
There are three known varieties of
neutrinos —
electron neutrinos, muon
neutrinos and tau
neutrinos — which are thought to have very small masses, if they have any mass
at all.
Another strange thing about
neutrinos is that they come in
at least three types or «flavours» — tau,
electron and muon — and can morph from one flavour to another.
Then in April, physicists working
at Sudbury announced the results of a challenging new study that compared the total flux of all three
neutrino types with the flux of the
electron -
neutrinos alone.
On Wednesday, the team announced that six of the muon
neutrinos that started off
at J - PARC appear to have transformed into
electron neutrinos before reaching Super-Kamiokande, where they were detected.
In order to see if oscillation has occurred during the
neutrinos» 500 - mile journey, the detector
at Minnesota measures the relative fraction of mu and
electron neutrinos.
Since that time reactor experiments, including those
at Daya Bay, have played a crucial role in uncovering the secrets of
neutrino oscillations — their tendency to switch among three known flavors:
electron, muon, and tau — and other important
neutrino properties.
Moreover, the Sudbury
Neutrino Observatory was able to detect all three types of neutrinos directly, and found that the Sun's total neutrino emission rate agreed with the Standard Solar Model, although only one - third of the neutrinos seen at Earth were of the electr
Neutrino Observatory was able to detect all three types of
neutrinos directly, and found that the Sun's total
neutrino emission rate agreed with the Standard Solar Model, although only one - third of the neutrinos seen at Earth were of the electr
neutrino emission rate agreed with the Standard Solar Model, although only one - third of the
neutrinos seen
at Earth were of the
electron type.