Elementary chemistry distinguishes two kinds of strong bonds between atoms in molecules: the covalent bond, where bonding arises from valence
electron pairs shared between neighboring atoms, and the ionic bond, where transfer of electrons from one atom to another leads to Coulombic attraction between the resulting ions.
Not exact matches
That extraordinary hardness arises from a strong and inflexible structure: Five atoms form a tetrahedron and
share electron pairs with each other.
Most significant was the September unveiling by Japanese researchers of a powerful linkage between two silicon atoms that
share three
pairs of
electrons — a so - called triple bond.
Chemists have long believed that elements heavier than neon could
share only one
pair of
electrons.
You and Bob also
share a
pair of
electrons — you have one, Bob has the other — and they're in an entangled state such that if yours is spinning up, his is spinning down, and conversely.
But whereas those materials were made up of covalent bonds — in which
pairs of atoms
share electrons — these 2 - D metals are composed of metallic bonds, where
electrons flow more freely among atoms.
To do that Alice and Bob can
share an additional
pair of
electrons connected by a special quantum link called entanglement.
That measurement breaks the entanglement between the
pair of
electrons that she and Bob
share.