Sentences with phrase «electron transfer in»

Hornbach, M.J. and Dahnosky, Y. «Electron transfer in a slow relaxation bath: Coherence and nonexponential kinetics,» J. Chem.

This interface impacts areas as diverse as prolonging lithium - ion battery life, designing catalytic reactions that can convert biomass to biofuels, and extracellular electron transfer in microbial communities where bacteria catalyze electrode surfaces and shuttle electrons externally, as in a microbial fuel cell.

For the power cord, they used bacterial and plant ferredoxin, an iron and sulfur protein that brings about electron transfer in a number of reactions.

Not exact matches

Even the fact that at the lower end the holons dissolve «in the indeterminacy of the Janus - faced electron» (above, p. 65) does not overcome the threat of reductionism to human freedom; for Koestler knows that the «indeterminacy of the micro-level can not be transferred....

A beam of electrons was first observed to be accelerated with a «gradient» — or energy transfer rate — of 300 MV / m, which is very high for present - day accelerators, in a device rather like a microchip.

Another strategy is to make alternative versions of terminal oxidases, enzymes in the membrane that transfer electrons to oxygen, which use oxygen more efficiently or are better at scavenging oxygen when its concentration is low.

In the electrical currents that flow in the microcircuits of today's gadgets, the electrons behave like particles and follow classical, predictable laws of heat transfeIn the electrical currents that flow in the microcircuits of today's gadgets, the electrons behave like particles and follow classical, predictable laws of heat transfein the microcircuits of today's gadgets, the electrons behave like particles and follow classical, predictable laws of heat transfer.

In multivalent batteries, lithium would be replaced by a different metal that transfers more than one electron per ion.

«When an alkane is present, it sticks in between the two materials, blocking the electron transfer between the two nanofibers.»

This compound mediates the transfer of electrons from the biological membranes to the electrical circuit, enabling the creation of an electric current in the cell.

The transfer of electrons during a chemical reaction in lead - acid car batteries produces a potential of more than 2 volts.

The free electrons in both BP and gold nanoparticles are then transferred into the LTO semiconductor, where they act as an electric current for water splitting.

Elementary chemistry distinguishes two kinds of strong bonds between atoms in molecules: the covalent bond, where bonding arises from valence electron pairs shared between neighboring atoms, and the ionic bond, where transfer of electrons from one atom to another leads to Coulombic attraction between the resulting ions.

«At the end of the day, the key in this study is really the velocity of the response — how fast the electrons transfer across the sediments,» Reguera says.

In contrast, the coordinated, marching - band - like motion of electrons in vanadium dioxide is detrimental to heat transfer as there are fewer configurations available for the electrons to hop randomly between.&raquIn contrast, the coordinated, marching - band - like motion of electrons in vanadium dioxide is detrimental to heat transfer as there are fewer configurations available for the electrons to hop randomly between.&raquin vanadium dioxide is detrimental to heat transfer as there are fewer configurations available for the electrons to hop randomly between.»

Caltech chemist Jacqueline Barton's work implicates the DNA base - pair stack in electron transfer, which allows its use as a semiconductor.

In addition, the tubes allow easier electron transfer, which improves biofuel cell performance.

In the studied model system, X-rays produce the doubly - charged particle (Ne2 +), which catches an electron from one of the neighboring atoms (Kr), transferring the energy to the other and releasing another electron.

In order to shed light on superconductivity in graphene, the scientists resorted to the powerful photoemission method: when a light particle interacts with a material it can transfer all its energy to an electron inside that materiaIn order to shed light on superconductivity in graphene, the scientists resorted to the powerful photoemission method: when a light particle interacts with a material it can transfer all its energy to an electron inside that materiain graphene, the scientists resorted to the powerful photoemission method: when a light particle interacts with a material it can transfer all its energy to an electron inside that material.

When the researchers exposed R. ferrireducens to a solution of glucose in a chamber containing a graphite electrode they found that when the bacterium fed on the sugar, it transferred electrons directly to the electrode, producing a current.

Spin transfer torque is the transfer of the spin angular momentum from conduction electrons to the magnetization of a ferromagnet and enables the manipulation of nanomagnets with spin currents rather than magnetic fields,» explained Gyung - Min Choi, who recently completed his PhD in materials science and engineering at Illinois.

This pulse is only some tenths of a trillionth of a second long and transfers energy to the electrons in the molecule, exciting them into helical motion.

This field also causes electrons in a nearby coil of wires to oscillate, thereby transferring power wirelessly.

In the current issue of Journal of Chemical Physics, Benjamin Freyer, Flavio Zamponi, Vincent Juve, Johannes Stingl, Michael Woerner, Thomas Elsaesser and Majed Chergui report the first in - situ x-ray imaging of electron and atom motions induced by such an electron transfer excitatioIn the current issue of Journal of Chemical Physics, Benjamin Freyer, Flavio Zamponi, Vincent Juve, Johannes Stingl, Michael Woerner, Thomas Elsaesser and Majed Chergui report the first in - situ x-ray imaging of electron and atom motions induced by such an electron transfer excitatioin - situ x-ray imaging of electron and atom motions induced by such an electron transfer excitation.

Researchers will now have a better sense of what is happening at the catalyst surface and an appreciation for the role of proton and electron transfer processes in this chemistry.

The reaction transfers electrons from the reducing agent to the chloroauric acid, liberating gold atoms in the process.

Thermoelectric cooling is a solid - state refrigeration process where the heat in an electrically conductive material is transferred using the material's own conduction electrons without any need for the gaseous coolants, such as chlorofluorocarbons, that are used in conventional refrigeration.

Chemin and his colleagues, meanwhile, have shown that the interaction can go both ways: In the 28 August Physical Review Letters, they report that tellurium nuclei primed with the right amount of energy can transfer it to electrons, which in turn give up photonIn the 28 August Physical Review Letters, they report that tellurium nuclei primed with the right amount of energy can transfer it to electrons, which in turn give up photonin turn give up photons.

«Factor in a femtosecond charge transfer rate and MX2 semiconductors provide an ideal way to spatially separate electrons and holes for electrical collection and utilization.»

By 2016, Boeing is scheduled to transfer its free electron laser technology from Jefferson Laboratory and other participating labs, in order to demonstrate a 100 - kilowatt prototype that is compatible with operation on a ship.

In one chamber, circularly polarized light transfers angular momentum to the rubidium atoms» electrons.

In the case of the negative ion source, the small amount of cesium is injected into the ion source and the cesium - adsorbed surface of the so - called «plasma electrode» become activated to transfer the electron to hydrogen atoms and hydrogenous positive ions that are colliding on the surface.

In this chapter she describes models for oxygen carriers, electron - transfer proteins, rubredoxins, various enzymes and others, and how they might help the chemist to understand better the role of iron in naturIn this chapter she describes models for oxygen carriers, electron - transfer proteins, rubredoxins, various enzymes and others, and how they might help the chemist to understand better the role of iron in naturin nature.

Albert Einstein already explained the «photoelectric effect» in 1905: light transfers energy to an electron, removing it from the metal.

A microscopic method for simulating quantum mechanical, nuclear tunneling effects in biological electron transfer reactions is presented and applied to several electron transfer steps in photosynthetic bacterial reaction centers.

In artificial photosynthesis systems chromophores, or «photosensitizers,» absorb light energy and transfer electrons to the catalyst, which activates the chemical reaction.

Biochemist Liang Shi of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory said: «We developed a unique system so we could mimic electron transfer like it happens in cells.

Researchers designed a chip that transfers data not with electrons but with photons — resulting in a potential 10-fold boost in speed.

«We use a special device to transfer the polarization of electrons to the 13C atomic nuclei using microwaves at very low temperatures, which results in an MRI signal up to 100,000 times stronger.»

Bengt Nordéns contribution to form a strong research school in Gothenburg has been successful: as many as 12 out of his about 50 former PhD students and postdocs have become professors, abroad or at other Swedish universities, and three have returned to contribute a forceful environment with their own profiles within the Department: Prof Bo Albinsson (femtosecond spectroscopy and fundamentals of electron transfer), Prof Per Lincoln (new transition - metal - based DNA ligands and statistical mechanics for gene targeting), Prof Björn Åkerman (fundamentals and applications of DNA physical chemistry).

While, molecular charge - transfer crystals exhibiting light — matter interactions have been successfully deployed in optoelectronics, an air - stable molecular material that couples photons and electrons, achieving photostriction through the coupling of light and mechanical degrees of freedom, has not previously been discovered.

Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).

A New Fluorescent Probe for Protein Interactions More Proof of Outer Membrane Cytochrome Role in Electron Transfer Scientists Show How Bacteria Move Electrons Across a Membrane

Computational studies by the team's theoreticians showed that the dipeptide in the meta position was more compact, making electron transfer faster, because of the smaller energy associated with the necessary twist in the scaffolding, or the ability to get closer to the electrode.

«The microbes eat organic material and transfer electrons to an anode buried in the sediment,» said Timothy Ewing, the Ph.D. student who helped put together the microbial fuel cell powering the lights.

This new information contributes to understanding protein stability and electron transfer between cells and minerals, which is important for applications in synthetic biology such as biofuel production.

Optically monitoring voltage in neurons by photo - induced electron transfer through molecular wires.

However, scientists believe that gaining insight into the electron transfer mechanisms could also play a role in directing the bacterium toward biofuel production.

These results mark another step toward understanding the cellular mechanisms that enable a bacterial protein - in this case, the cytochrome MtrC - to transfer electrons to minerals in soil, sediment, and subsurface materials.

Because they can now follow transient species formed as a result of electron transfer among communities in real time, Yu and her team are using this approach to study how microbial communities communicate with one another.