Sentences with phrase «electrons move through»

As the electrons move through an external circuit to the ions, this creates the current that powers the car.

The energy and momentum of these electrons, known as a material's «band structure,» are key properties that describe how electrons move through a material.

These changes can affect the new material's properties, such as how electrons move through it.

Germanium... has inherently greater mobility than silicon, which means that electrons move through it faster when a current is applied.

«For a new standard, you need current to be accurate to 1 part in a million, so that for every million electrons you move through in a second, you've got a million, not 1,000,001 or 999,999.»

Instead of light, computers run on electrons moving through silicon - based chips — which, despite huge advances, are still less efficient than photonics.

Electrons moving through a wire create a magnetic field.

The winner of the 2017 Discovery Prize discusses his work watching electrons moving through molecules

But when the magnetic orientations of the wires point in opposite directions, electrons moving through the cluster from one wire to the other must quickly flip their spin.

In Friedman's spintronic circuit design, electrons moving through carbon nanotubes — essentially tiny wires composed of carbon — create a magnetic field that affects the flow of current in a nearby graphene nanoribbon, providing cascaded logic gates that are not physically connected.

Electrons moving through a crystal usually scatter when they hit an impurity, which slows their progress, but the topological effects in Hasan's tantalum arsenide crystals allow electrons to travel unimpeded.

Today's electronic devices are powered by transistors, which are tiny silicon structures that rely on negatively charged electrons moving through the silicon, forming an electric current.

He studied the phenomenon in the context of electrons moving through impure materials (electrons behave as both particles and waves), but under certain circumstances it can happen with other types of waves as well.

The winner, Stony Brook University assistant professor of chemistry Thomas Allison, took home the prize for his proposal to use high - energy laser pulses to record «movies» of electrons moving through molecules.

Electrons moving through a leaf or a green sulfur bacterial bloom are effectively performing a quantum «random walk» — a sort of primitive quantum computation — to seek out the optimum transmission route for the solar energy they carry.

Cornering performance is dead sure, as if the Coupe is a big electron moving through printed circuits, and body roll is not a factor.

Not exact matches

The computer's performance has generally been improved through upgrades in digital semiconductor performance: shrinking the size of the semiconductor's transistors to ramp up transaction speed, packing more of them onto the chip to increase processing power, and even substituting silicon with compounds such as gallium arsenide or indium phosphide, which allow electrons to move at a higher velocity.

«By twisting and controlling the molecular bonds with light,» Awschalom says, «it is possible to operate on the electron spins as they move through the chemical structure.»

But Sinisa Coh of the University of California, Berkeley, and colleagues saw something surprising when they used a high - resolution electron microscope to watch an iron crystal moving through a kinked nanotube.

In theory, electrons should move through these sheets with essentially no resistance.

As a read head moves above bits of magnetic data, changes in the magnetic orientation of those bits alter the electrical resistance of electrons flowing through the sensor, translating the magnetic data into a stream of electrical pulses.

Superconductivity occurs when electrons come together in a material in Cooper pairs that can move unimpeded through the material.

For example, turn on your digital camera to snap a picture of the setting sun and photons flying in through the lens make electrons move out from semiconductors located where the film would be in conventional cameras.

Many people picture electrical conductivity as the flow of charged particles (mainly electrons) without really thinking about the atomic structure of the material through which those charges are moving.

«We're still trying to understand how electrons move vertically through these layered materials, and we thought it should take a lot less energy.

Quantum mechanics governs, for example, how fast — and if at all - electrons can move through a material and, thereby, determine whether the material is a metal which conducts an electric current or whether it is an insulator which can not conduct a current.

This motion would be detected by measuring image charges, which are induced by the moving electrons, flowing through another electrode using a commercially available current amplifier and lock - in detector.

Above a certain critical temperature, the electrons can move relatively easily through the material enabling the flow of electrical current.

As neutrons (blue line) scatter off the graphene - like honeycomb material, they produce a magnetic Majorana fermion (green wave) that moves through the material disrupting or breaking apart magnetic interactions between «spinning» electrons.

Many of today's technologies (i.e. solid state lighting, transistors in computer chips, and batteries in cell phones) rely simply on the charge of the electron and how it moves through the material.

The transport of these electrons as a current can be encouraged or discouraged by a voltage applied to an overlying electrostatic gate, pretty much the same arrangement used to move currents through field - effect - transistors (FETs), one of the universal components of myriad electronic devices.

Kane's calculations suggested that electrons would move through this one - atom - thick material in a way that reminded him of the quantum Hall effect: a phenomenon first observed in 1980.

A topological insulator sounds simple enough — a block of material that lets electrons move along its surface, but not through its inside.

Mercer says the team has since done electron microscopy experiments that show the virus moving into the cell through membrane indentations, although these data were not part of the published study.

Scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University have made the first direct measurements, and by far the most precise ones, of how electrons move in sync with atomic vibrations rippling through an exotic material, as if they were dancing to the same beat.

In most metals, conductivity is limited by crystal imperfections which cause electrons to frequently scatter like billiard balls when they move through the material.

This allows you to manipulate the quantum potential field discovered by David Bohm and Yakir Aharanov through their experiments in which they shielded the magnetic field, and the electron was still affected, it still moved and phase shifted, through the use of the potentials, which are physically real and usable.

We literally charge mitochondria with electrons when we eat, and drain those electrons with activity that moves protons through the pump.

Not being absorbed by real world water, visible is not only not capable because of its tiny scale of moving the whole molecule of water into vibration which is what it takes to heat water, but it isn't even able to be absorbed by the electrons of the water molecules as the electrons of the molecules of air absorb it, so water doesn't reflect / scatter visible light on the electrons of molecule level as does air, but gives up and passes it along, and so, visible is transmitted through, also, unchanged, but much delayed.

In the atmosphere the absorption of visible light's energy by the electrons of the gas air does not create heat, the energy is used in motion through space (think petrol in the car used for motion through space), as the electron is moved in its orbit and when returning to ground state when it spits out the same energy as entered; the right kind of energy and an electron can be moved out of its orbit completely.

A third party could then note that this still underestimates what is called the «correlation energy» of the system, because treating the electron cloud as a continuous distribution through when electrons move ignores the fact thatindividual electrons strongly repel and hence do not like to get near one another.