Sentences with phrase «electrons tunneling from»

The role of the metal - oxide interface in determining the spin polarization of electrons tunneling from or into ferromagnetic transition metals in magnetic tunnel junctions is reported.

Not exact matches

The current drops to zero when the tip passes over a single lobe dense with charge because the charge and phase of two lobes of the carbon monoxide molecule interact with the molecule's orbital and cancel out, preventing electrons from tunneling through.

«In this tunnel junction, holes from the silicon solar cell recombine with electrons flowing from the perovskite solar cell using quantum mechanical tunneling,» said Jonathan Mailoa, a graduate student at MIT and co-author of the report, in an email.

Others, however, think the chemical change can be explained in a more conventional picture, in which the electrons hop from atom to atom on the DNA rather than tunneling down the helix in one step.

A tiny current flows nevertheless, as there is a slight probability that electrons «tunnel» from the pointed tip into the sample.

Electrical current is injected into the device, tunnelling from single - layer graphene, through few - layer boron nitride acting as a tunnel barrier, and into the mono - or bi-layer TMD material, such as tungsten diselenide (WSe2), where electrons recombine with holes to emit single photons.

When an electric field is applied, the electrons move from an energetically higher lying potential well to an energetically lower lying potential well via the quantum mechanical tunneling effect.

Using a high - powered electron microscope, Nweeia and researchers from the Smithsonian Institution and the National Institute of Standards and Technology discovered that the narwhal's tusk is riddled with millions of tiny tunnels, each about 1/100 the width of a human hair.

A weak UV pulse excited an outer electron to a higher state, followed by a strong infrared pulse creating a field in which the electron escaped from the molecule due to the tunneling effect.

Drivers will use electrons from the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) to help jolt their molecules along, typically by just 0.3 nano - metres each time — making 100 nanometres «a pretty long distance», notes physicist Leonhard Grill of the University of Graz, Austria, who co-leads a US — Austrian team in the race.

The devices are named after Brian Josephson, who predicted in 1962 that pairs of superconducting electrons could «tunnel» right through the nonsuperconducting barrier from one superconductor to another.

But as the size of modern transistors continues to shrink, the gate material becomes so thin that it can no longer block electrons from leaking through — a phenomenon known as the quantum tunneling effect.

As an odorant approaches, electrons released from one side of a receptor quantum - mechanically tunnel through the odorant to the opposite side of the receptor.

After the odorant attaches to one of the nerve's receptors, electrons from that receptor tunnel through the odorant, jiggling it back and forth.

Therefore, the electron captures the missing energy required for tunneling from the nearby quantum device, and hence the device loses energy and cools down.

Those probes can image a surface at the atomic level by detecting the tunneling of electrons from the surface across a small gap to the microscope's tiny scanning tip.

He gave the electrons slightly too little energy from an external voltage source than what is needed for direct tunneling.

A 4 GeV superconducting electron linear accelerator will be installed in the LCLS tunnel, enabling an increase in the repetition rate from 120 to 1 million pulses per second.

Electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope tip turn a five - arm rotor connected via a single ruthenium atom bearing to a tripod anchoring the molecular motor to a gold surface.

«The greater number of multiply charged clusters deposited on the surface built up a sufficient potential to allow the electrons from the surface to tunnel to the gold clusters, thereby reducing their charge state,» explained Johnson.

Current research includes spin relaxation and decoherence in quantum dots due to spin - orbit and hyperfine interaction; non-Markovian spin dynamics in bosonic and nuclear spin environments; generation and characterization of non-local entanglement with quantum dots, superconductors, Luttinger liquids or Coulomb scattering in interacting 2DEGs; spin currents in magnetic insulators and in semiconductors; spin Hall effect in disordered systems; spin orbit effects in transport and noise; asymmetric quantum shot noise in quantum dots; entanglement transfer from electron spins to photons; QIP with spin qubits in quantum dots and molecular magnets; macroscopic quantum phenomena (spin tunneling and coherence) in molecular and nanoscale magnetism.

Hawking radiation is based on the well established fact of quantuum tunneling where a particle may disappear at one point in space and reappear at another point without enough energy to have moved across a barrier from point A to point B. Flash memory chips work by quantuum tunneling where an electron is raised to an energy level just short of being able to cross a barrier into a holding pen.