Sentences with phrase «electrostatic forces»

The first was a T - shaped structure which Mulliken called an «outer complex», in which the chlorine molecule interacts only weakly with the electrons of the carbon - carbon double bond to form a loose association held together by electrostatic forces.

It is relatively easy to get small pieces of dust to stick together, because of electrostatic forces and van der Waals forces (tiny forces arising from the polarity of molecules).

This should create repulsive electrostatic forces on the surface, stirring up dust (Journal of Geophysical Research, DOI: 10.1029 / 2009JE003464).

«The difference in the strength of the force being measured is extraordinarily small,» said Arnold, who explained that the measured electrostatic force involved in keeping a nanoparticle in orbit was only 0.00000000000003 (3x10 - 14) pounds.

In effect, this molecular layer becomes the second «sheet» because it is held in place by «van der Waals» forces, weak electrostatic forces to keep otherwise neutral molecules «attached» to each other.

Why It Matters: Generally hidden from our perception without advanced scientific instrumentation, electrostatic forces attract fine bits of particulates that cement onto surfaces, creating costly problems.

Researchers have shown that a wasp - sized, insect - inspired flying robot they debuted in 2013 can make use of the so - called electrostatic force to stick to surfaces.

When two smooth, slick surfaces are submerged in water and brought within 100 nanometers of each other, something odd happens: they adhere, even though they are too far apart for electrostatic forces to bridge them.

The tip of the electrodes act like fingertips that gently conform to the shape of the object, gripping onto it with electrostatic forces in the same way that the balloon sticks to the wall.

The breakthrough came with a new imaging technique, dual - resonance - frequency - enhanced electrostatic force microscopy (DREEM), which was developed by University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill chemist and co-author Dorothy Erie, former UNC and NC State postdoctoral researchers Dong Wu and Parminder Kaur, and was featured earlier this year in Molecular Cell.

Specific adhesion includes electrostatic forces, van der Waals forces and acid - base interactions that take place between the adhesive and the substrate.

At these scales, electrostatic forces dominate and random thermal vibrations constantly shake molecules around.

In their latest incarnation, catoms are millimetre - sized curled - up strips of conducting material that respond to remotely controlled electrostatic forces.

Now, some scientists are suggesting a shocking solution to these backward - facing drifts: They may be sculpted not only by wind, but also by electrostatic forces.

The new superlattices — called monolayer atomic crystal molecular superlattices — feature a molecular layer that becomes the second «sheet» that is held in place by van der Waals forces — weak electrostatic forces that keep otherwise neutral molecules attached to each other.

The atoms within a compound can be held together by a variety of interactions, ranging from covalent bonds to electrostatic forces in ionic bonds.

The electrostatic forces between calcium and water induce the water molecules to rearrange themselves around the ion.

«Our approach uses electrohydrodynamic printing, which relies on electrostatic force to eject the ink from the nozzle and draw it to the appropriate site on the substrate,» says Jingyan Dong, co-corresponding author of a paper on the work and an associate professor in NC State's Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering.

Arnold and the MP3L team were able to extract the electrostatic force between the orbiting nanoparticle and the surface of the glass bead through experiments based on the observation that the nano - orbital phenomenon requires a near balance between the electrostatic force and the known optical tractor beam force, just as a weighing scale balances the force of a spring against your body's weight.

Sulfate, which reacts with amino acids in the anophelins, strengthened the electrostatic forces between the proteins, making them better able to bind to the enzyme in blood plasma that causes clotting.

A chemical bond is the physical phenomenon of chemical substances being held together by attraction of atoms to each other through sharing, as well as exchanging, of electrons - or electrostatic forces.

Instead of trying to determine whether the two masses fall differently, one dipping toward Earth slightly more, Touboul explains that it is easier and more precise to measure the electrostatic forces required to maintain them at exactly the same orbit.

The strong nuclear force and the electrostatic force — which don't encounter each other at human scales — fight over the packed protons and neutrons and drive them into strange configurations, collectively dubbed «nuclear pasta ``.

When an electrostatic force is applied, the carbon nanotubes move up and down to represent 0s or 1s.

«This experiment is remarkable because the magnetic forces created by the nuclei are millions of times smaller than the electrostatic forces that usually drive currents,» yet they were able to control currents, he says.

The technique takes advantage of electrostatic forces to stretch a taut piece of DNA onto a glass microscope slide.

When an electrostatic force is applied, the carbon nanotubes move up and down to represent the 0s or 1s of data.

But these structures are unstable because electrostatic forces are weak compared with the covalent bonds formed between atoms that share electrons.

Motors driven by electrostatic forces have been built less than one - tenth the size of Toshiba's motor, but they have a much lower power - to - size ratio.

«These electrostatic forces increase frictional thresholds,» said Josh Méndez Harper, a Georgia Tech geophysics and electrical engineering doctoral student who is the paper's lead author.

Due to electrostatic forces, the sheets create electrostatic resistance in one direction but not in the other.

Studying these electrostatic forces required researchers to devise an improved optical approach and to innovate to overcome hurdles, such as the presence of water and mineral - structure effects that impeded precise measurements.

Efforts to create better materials with predictable surface properties have led scientists to study the electrostatic forces that attract particulates to surface coatings.

Such force would be of similar strength to the electrostatic force at separations around 1 nm, remain strong at distances up to the size of toxin molecules (several nanometers), and persist even beyond.

As Titan experiences one - seventh of the gravity we experience on Earth, the electrostatic force in any structures composed of these particles — like dunes or sand castles — overcomes the force of gravity, and they refuse to slump for very long periods.

Racers can knock cars out of the way with a shock wave, drop a stun mine or shield themselves with ESF (electrostatic force).