Sentences with phrase «embryonic cells during»

A team of researchers spent two weeks at the end of November collecting sperm and embryonic cells during spawning from two species of coral that live in the Great Barrier Reef, to create a freezer bank of these valuable organisms.

Not exact matches

As specialized cells are generated during embryonic development, they are programmed to use only a limited amount of the total genetic information present in the nucleus to produce the proteins required for their particular function.

Embryonic stem cells are produced during development by the same process of epigenetic programming that later will produce adult cells such as skin and brain.

15 For organs to form during embryonic development, some cells must commit suicide.

The scientists rescued the microcephaly during mouse embryonic development by removing a protein that caused the loss of stem cells.

During the next 3 years, Lexicon will put high - throughput robots to work generating 500,000 mutant mouse embryonic stem - cell clones.

Groups of red and green labelled embryonic cells in a zebrafish during their first migration in gastrulation.

In experiments on zebrafish, Freiburg researchers have demonstrated that the same proteins that lead to the formation of metastases in humans also cause the cells to migrate during embryonic development.

He has also been an inveterate foe of abortion, a position that informed his repeated votes against expanding the number of human embryonic stem cell lines available to NIH - funded researchers during the George W. Bush administration.

Scientists have focused for decades on the role of biochemical cues in embryonic development, Campàs said, because no techniques existed to measure the mechanical cues that cells are exposed to during the formation of tissues and organs.

During embryonic development, undifferentiated stem cells accumulate methyl groups and other epigenetic marks that funnel them into one of the three germ layers, each of which gives rise to a different set of adult tissues.

During embryonic development of mice, however, the situation is different: To build up the system, all mature blood and immune cells develop much more rapidly and almost completely from stem cells.

Both iPS and embryonic stem cells frequently pick up chromosomal abnormalities, genetic mutations and epigenetic irregularities during culture.

In a similar way to how they work in other cells, epigenetic markers push PGCs to their fate during embryonic development, but PGCs are unique because when they develop into sperm and eggs, the epigenetic markers are erased.

All stem cells are immature cells known for their ability to multiply indefinitely and give rise to progenitor cells that mature into specific cell types that populate the body's tissues during embryonic development.

Using a nuclear protein expressed in follicle stem cells (FSCs), the researchers found that castor, which plays an important role in specifying which types of brain cells are produced during embryonic development, also helps maintain FSCs throughout the life of the animal.

When Kaufman, Zon and colleagues looked to see what was different about these early cancer cells, they found that crestin and the other activated genes are the same ones turned on during zebrafish embryonic development — specifically, in the stem cells that give rise to the pigment cells known as melanocytes, within a structure called the neural crest.

The other is to take a single facet and just make it bigger and then add more light sensitive cells down below during embryonic development.

The researchers confirmed Olig2's role in promoting motor neuron formation by increasing or blocking the function of Olig2 in the spinal cords of developing mouse and chicken embryos, as well as during motor neuron formation in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Manuel Eguren has analysed the biological consequences of Cdh1 elimination in rapidly dividing cells, as part of his doctoral research project in Malumbres's group; he focused on progenitors from the nervous system during embryonic development in mice.

Wnt signals play a key role in directing stem cells during embryonic development, which led Geiger and colleagues to hypothesize that it might be helping to control stem cell growth and pluripotency in the gut later in life.

A federal appeals court on Tuesday granted a «stay» that allows human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research to continue during an appeal of a 23 August district court preliminary injunction blocking it.

All of the mice produced normal amounts of SOX2 during development, when the transcription factor plays a critical role in the genesis of embryonic and neural stem cells.

Additionally, the hippocampal chandelier cells were born several days earlier during embryonic development than the neocortical ones.

This technology was pioneered by Shinya Yamanaka, who showed that the introduction of four specific proteins that are essential during early embryonic development could be used to convert adult cells into pluripotent cells.

«For several years, we have been studying myogenesis, a process by which muscles are formed during embryonic development,» says Jean - François Côté, PhD, Director of the Cytoskeletal Organization and Cell Migration research unit at the IRCM.

And this molecular switch controls how cells behave and interact with their neighbors during embryonic development.

This discovery by the scientists at the CRG provides an insight into stem cell - forming molecular mechanisms, and is therefore of great interest for studies on the early stages of life, during embryonic development.

During embryonic development individual cells and cell clusters can move over relatively long distances, and cell migration is also essential for wound healing and many immunological processes in adult animals.

Instead of mimicking the complex 3D organization of the developing pituitary gland, this approach relies on the precisely timed exposure of human pluripotent stem cells to a few specific cellular signals that are known to play an important role during embryonic development.

But the identity of the progenitor, or stem cells, that give rise to Merkel cells during embryonic development and adulthood is unclear.

During embryonic development, organ - specific cell types are formed from pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into all cell types of the human body.

Nephron progenitor cells (NPCs), at least in humans, normally only exist during a brief stage of embryonic development.

The ability of a fertilized egg to generate both embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues is referred to as «totipotency,» an ultimate stem cell state seen only during the earliest stages of embryonic development.

Seeking fresh sources, they looked for cells that express the gene neurogenin 3, a potential sign of cell differentiation because it is the first gene to only switch on in pancreatic islets during embryonic development.

Neural crest cells are a type of stem cell; during vertebrate embryonic development, they eventually differentiate into specialized cells such as those that make facial skeleton cells or those that create pigment cells.

This migration may happen because the repair pathways initiated by the damaged cells are similar to pathways triggered during embryonic development, where stem cells are key, explains ReNeuron co-founder and chief scientific officer John Sinden.

The trial is based on work from University of California at Irvine neuroscientist Hans Keirstead, who enabled paralyzed rats to walk again by coaxing embryonic stem cells to differentiate into the spinal cord cells that the rats had lost during injury.

«We found that IL - 34 is an essential growth factor for the differentiation of Langerhans cells and microglia during embryonic development,» says senior author Marco Colonna, MD, professor of medicine and of pathology and immunology.

Human embryonic stem cells derived from affected embryos during a pre-implantation diagnostic (PGD), as well as the conversion of somatic cells, such as skin fibroblasts, into induced pluripotent stem cells by genetic manipulation, offer the unique opportunity to have access to a large spectrum of disease - specific cell models.

During the next five years, KOMP2 will transform the knockout mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into adult mice for 2,500 lines of well - characterized knockout mice strains, and IMPC will create about 2,500 additional knockout mouse strains.

During early embryonic development, cells throughout the forming retina are proliferative.

The researchers suggest that since the adult muscle stem cells are only activated when injury occurs (by trauma or exercise), they use a new set of genes from those used during embryonic development, which proceeds without injury.

In parallel, the roles of symmetric and asymmetric cell divisions are investigated as a mechanism for governing stem cell self - renewal and differentiation during embryonic development and in the adult.

In the new research, Pollen and co-first author Tomasz Nowakowski, PhD, also a postdoctoral researcher in the Kriegstein lab, partnered with Fluidigm Corp. to develop a microfluidic approach to map out the transcriptional profile — the set of genes that are actively producing RNA — of cells collected from the VZ and SVZ during embryonic development.

The Secretory Pathway Calcium ATPase PMR - 1 / SPCA1 Has Essential Roles in Cell Migration during Caenorhabditis elegans Embryonic Development.

During early embryonic development, XpdTTD is dominant over the Xpd † XPCS and Xpd † XP alleles, whereas later in the ontogenesis of skin, hair - shaft, and blood cells, the situation is reversed.

Interneuron cell - based therapy in AD and related models: During brain development, embryonic interneuron precursors are generated in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) and retain a remarkable capacity for migration and integration in adult host brains, where they fully mature into functional inhibitory interneurons.

Intracellular uptake of macromolecules by brain lymphatic endothelial cells during embryonic development Stefan Schulte - Merker, Westfälische Wilhelms - Universität Münster

The grand architecture of the human cortex, with its hundreds of distinct cell types, begins as a uniform layer of neural stem cells and builds itself from the inside out during several months of embryonic development.