The proteins in them are characteristic of fetal and
embryonic cells rather than of mature erythrocytes, and the authors take care to call them «erythroid cells» rather than true erythrocytes.
Not exact matches
Rather,
embryonic stem
cells have already undergone epigenetic restriction and can not produce an organized body with all of its required parts.
Using iPS
cells rather than
embryonic stem
cells as a starting point also avoids the ethical concerns some people have with using
embryonic stem
cells.
They used a technique pioneered at Smith's lab that uses cultures of various inhibitory proteins to keep
embryonic stem
cells continually renewing themselves
rather than differentiating into other
cells.
Earlier this year, scientists at University of California, Los Angeles, and Advanced
Cell Technology of Marlborough, Massachusetts, reported in The Lancet about the safe and successful use of RPE
cells derived from human
embryonic stem
cells,
rather than iPS
cells, to treat a different type of AMD in a limited number of human patients.
The discovery, by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Wisconsin - Madison, seemed to promise a way out of the bitter debates over
embryonic - stem -
cell research:
rather than using human embryos as a source of stem
cells, produce them from adult
cells.
Embryonic stem
cells derived from human blastocysts have the key advantage of pluripotency, meaning that they form nearly all
cell types but also have the disadvantage of forming tumors in vivo, which may limit clinical application to tissue engineering
rather than
cell transplantation.
However welcome the recent announcement that a team of scientists based at Newcastle University, has grown a section of human liver using stem
cells from umbilical cords,
rather than from the more controversial source of
embryonic stem
cells, and whatever the eventual promise or potential of harvesting organs for transplantation from genetically modified pigs, the benefits of either of these two pioneering techniques to currently dying / suffering patients, remain both elusive and distant.