The phrase
"embryonic mice" refers to baby mice that are still growing inside their mother's womb before they are born.
Full definition
Once extracted, these flexible human cells are placed on top of a layer
of embryonic mouse cells.
They confirmed these same opposite patterns of SMA protein and SMN lnc - RNA
in embryonic mice too.
The conversion rate was lower, but the induced neurons seemed just as much like their natural counterparts as those produced
from embryonic mouse fibroblasts.
Norepinephrine causes a four - to sixfold increase in the intracellular level of cyclic AMP (adenosine 3», 5» - monophosphate) reaggregated brain cell cultures derived from
embryonic mouse brain.
When transplanted
into embryonic mice or chicks, the stem cells turned into cells of the type found in that animal at that stage of development.
Now Yoshiki Sasai of the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan, and his colleagues have induced
embryonic mouse stem cells to spontaneously form the optic cup in a dish.
After incubating HeLa cells and neurons from
embryonic mice with different amounts of these DNA opposite strand bits, they noted that the more DNA bits they added, the more mRNA levels increased that code for SMA protein.
Schöler and his team looked
at embryonic mouse clones that were just a few days old to see when and where the Oct4 gene — which helps embryonic cells decide where to go and what to do — is active.
In a groundbreaking study published in May in Neuron, a team of neuroscientists led by Sunil Gandhi of the University of California, Irvine,
transplanted embryonic mouse stem cells into the brains of other mice.
In laboratory tests
on embryonic mice engineered to not express myomerger in skeletal muscle, the animals did not develop enough muscle fiber to live.
The next step, he says, is to investigate
how embryonic mouse brains with induced folds develop as they mature past the fetal stages of development and to look across species to see if the gene has similar effects in other mammals.
To address that concern, John Brigande, a developmental neurobiologist at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, and colleagues
injected embryonic mice with DNA containing several copies of Atoh1.
The current research team, which includes Dr. Minoda and Dr. Hiroki Takeda of Kumamoto University, and several researchers from Keio University, have successfully grafted human iPS - derived cells into the inner ear
of embryonic mice, a feat with a high level of technical difficulty.
The researchers found two groups of brain cells
in embryonic mice that carried the CBR proteins for several days during late development.
They first inserted each enhancer
into embryonic mice to learn whether it really did turn genes on.
The cyclic AMP level of adult brain is increased by norepinephrine; however,
embryonic mouse brain does not show a cyclic AMP response.
Embryonic mouse stem cells magnified 5,000 times put out fingerlike projections as they spread across an inch - wide microscope slide projected onto a full - color 42 - inch plasma screen.
To test that idea, they first cultured brain cells
from embryonic mice, added a standardized ginkgo biloba extract, and tested to see how well the lab - grown neurons survived oxidative stress.
Dong Feng Chen and Nobel laureate Susumu Tonegawa, both of MIT's Center for Learning and Memory, and MIT biologist Gerald Schneider found that nerve cells» production of Bcl - 2 is turned off after about the 18th day of a mouse embryo's development — the same time that axons, or nerve extensions, of cells in
the embryonic mouse retina lose the ability to grow back after injury.
It takes more than a week for the nervous system to become functional in
an embryonic mouse.
They found that the combination of the transcription factors Brn3a plus Ngn1, or Brn3a plus Ngn2, reprogrammed a significant percentage of
the embryonic mouse fibroblasts into what looked — and acted — like mature DRG - type sensory neurons.
The human - specific gene ARHGAP11B is expressed only in the right half of
this embryonic mouse cerebral cortex.
A Japanese research group has successfully grafted human iPS cell - derived inner ear cells that express human - derived proteins into the inner ears of
embryonic mice.
Furthermore, transplantation into the inner ears of
embryonic mice was successful.
When the FGF8 gene was injected into or removed from the front part of the brains of
embryonic mice, structures toward the front became elongated or foreshortened, respectively.
Moreover, when co-cultured with neurons from
the embryonic mouse cortex, pericyte - derived neurons are recognized as synoptic targets and receive functions in optic input.
Fong Kuan Wong (Huttner, MPG)-- «Generation of basal radial glia in
the embryonic mouse dorsal telencephalon» (2014)
A section through
the embryonic mouse telencephalon at E18.5 showing the L1 expressing corpus callosum (labelled orange) and cells of cortical origin labelled with GFP (green).