Sentences with phrase «emission factor data»

See the guidance document for the Purchased Electricity, Heat and Steam Tool (Section III.B) for a detailed hierarchy of preferred emission factor data sources.

Not exact matches

It produces this estimate for emissions from all upstream transportation and distribution primarily using data collected from its third - party logistics coordinators and EPA emission factors; only 7 % of emissions are from «primary data.»

NEC collected or estimated megawatt hour («MWh») generation data for each portfolio project and used region - specific eGRID emissions factors maintained by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine the greenhouse gas («GHG») intensity of each MWh offset by its investments.

Combining the generation data, project location, and eGRID emissions factor, NEC estimated the amount of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide (measured together as metric tons of CO2 Eq.)

The team analyzes patient - specific data from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), x-ray computed tomography (CT), biopsies and other factors, in order to develop their computational model.

The authors re-evaluated the data used to calculate IPCC 2006 CH4 emission factors resulting from enteric fermentation in dairy cows and other cattle, and manure management from dairy cows, other cattle and swine.

When the EPA asked in a 2009 Federal Register notice for suggestions on how to improve the system, companies from electric power generators to auto manufacturers argued for the status quo, saying emission factors were sometimes their only data option.

To construct the estimates, the researchers used data on locomotive diesel consumption, pipeline pumping station electricity consumption, locomotive and power plant emission factors and the AP2 integrated assessment model, which maps county level emissions to costs for counties affected by the emissions.

Indeed, using different official sources of activity data and emissions factors can result in estimates that vary by up to 40 per cent in a given year.

The team was able to derive new emissions factors based on data from Chinese government programs that analyzed nearly 5000 coal samples taken throughout the country.

In the absence of better data, emissions factors for China's coal were so far assumed to be similar to those of coal mined in the United States and Europe, Guan says.

Activity data can be for example tonnes of fuel oil used by an industry, while the emission factor expresses the emission of a component in proportion to the activity (for example tonnes of SO 2 / tonne fuel oil).

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A detailed field guide for «Methods for Assessing Carbon Stocks and Emissions Factors in Mangroves, Tidal marshes and Seagrasses» is currently available in our Resources section and the standardized methods outlined within allows consistent collection of comparable data in these habitats around the world.

As observed wildfires data from satellites only goes back to 1990s, the researchers used models to look further back in time and identify the influence of different factors that may have impacted wildfire emissions, says Arora:

This paper presents a review of existing literature on emission factors, emission data collection techniques, and analytic approaches; presents the results of SAIC's analysis of available CO2 and CH4 GHG emission data from chassis dynamometer tests of heavy - duty vehicle exhaust; and provides suggestions for further reducing this uncertainty.

Nick Moran of The Millions had interesting prospective, mentioning «The emissions and e-waste for e-Readers could be stretched even further if I went down the resource rabbit hole to factor in: electricity needed at the Amazon and Apple data centers; communication infrastructure needed to transmit digital files across vast distances; the incessant need to recharge or replace the batteries of eReaders; the resources needed to recycle a digital device (compared to how easy it is to pulp or recycle a book); the packaging and physical mailing of digital devices; the need to replace a device when it breaks (instead of replacing a book when it's lost); the fact that every reader of eBooks requires his or her own eReading device (whereas print books can be loaned out as needed from a library); the fact that most digital devices are manufactured abroad and therefore transported across oceans.

The basic ingredients are easy to list: — absorption / emission properties (or spectroscopic parameters) of CO2 at atmospheric pressures, i.e. data presently available from HITRAN - database combined with models of line broadening — observed properties of the atmosphere where most important features include clouds and moisture content, but many other factors have some influence — computer model of the transmission of radiation along the lines of MODTRAN or GENLN2

The methodologies for estimating emissions / removals from the land - use change and forestry category require high quality statistical data and emission factors.

In this paper, the term methodological issues encompasses aspects of statistical data and emission factors as well as algorithms to estimate emissions.

The NIRs contain detailed descriptive and numerical information and the CRFs contain summary, sectoral and trend tables for all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals, and sectoral background data tables for reporting implied emission factors and activity data.

The tables provide comparisons of implied emission factors and activity data as reported in the common reporting format, data from international sources, emissions, information on methods used and emission factors as reported by parties.

-- Where it is not possible to determine the precise electricity emissions intensity factor for an entity using the methodology in clause (i), the person selling electricity shall use the monthly average data reported by the Energy Information Administration or collected and reported by the Administrator for the utility serving the entity to determine the electricity emissions intensity factor.

The Kyoto Protocol's effectiveness will depend upon two critical factors: whether Parties follow the Protocol's rulebook and comply with their commitments; and whether the emissions data used to assess compliance is reliable.

In addition, it includes a mechanism to expand eligible crops and regions based on acceptable submission of peer - reviewed scientific data to justify the adoption of conservative emission factors in the U.S. and internationally.

To access activity data and implied emission factors for individual Annex I and some non-Annex I Parties

The default emission factors are averages based on the most extensive data sets available and they are largely identical to those used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chage (IPCC), the premier authority on accounting practices at the national level.

If site - specific data are not available, companies should seek a regional or power pool emission factor from a government agency in the host country of the electricity provider.

But there's an asterisk: the study's authors said their projections could be skewed by a lack of data on methane emissions from lakes throughout northern Alaska, which could factor into how much carbon is ultimately stored by the forests.

We analyze the costs, benefits, rate and bill impacts, employment and economic impacts, emissions, and other factors associated with electric - sector resource scenarios using publicly available data and well - supported assumptions.

The researchers discovered in the data that different factors dominated the 9.9 % emissions decline from 2007 to 2009, the 1.3 % emissions increase from 2009 to 2011, and the 2.1 % decrease between 2011 and 2013.

However, because of issues related to data quality, the low frequency of extreme event impacts, limited length of the time series, and various societal factors present in the disaster loss record, it is still not possible to determine the portion of the increase in damages that might be attributed to climate change brought about by greenhouse gas emissions (S1).

Conversion of German generation data to Specific Carbon Intensity uses emissions factors of 1150g, 900g, 369 g, and 983 g of CO2 per KWh for lignite (brown coal), hard coal, natural gas, and biomass respectively.

Furthermore, because data on the origin and destination of coal are available only for coal distribution, EIA's emission factors for coal consumption by sector assume that the mix of coal received during a certain year was the same as that consumed in that year.

However, the basic emission factors will be reviewed when sufficient additional coal analysis data are accumulated.

From the more than 60,000 coal samples in the File, 5,426 were identified as containing data on heat value and the ultimate analysis (6) needed for developing the relationship between carbon and heat content of the coal, that is, the carbon dioxide emission factors.

EIA's carbon dioxide emission factors were derived from data in the EIA Coal Analysis File, one of the most comprehensive data sources on U.S. coal quality by coalbed and coal - producing county.

Therefore, no data correction was warranted to account for the small effect that coal cleaning had on emission factors.