Sentences with phrase «emission scenarios for»

So I find it strange that so organisations start picking supposedly low middle and high emission scenarios for planning work (all below the AiFI output).

The Arctic shows that tipping points for dangerous climate change and large sea - level rises have already been passed, a fact that the IPCC did not recognise in failing to include any emission scenarios for less than 2 — 2.4 ˚C in its 2007 report.

What is the purpose of including all emission scenarios for model comparisons?

All of the IPCC emission scenarios for the next century that were published in 2000 assume that the carbon intensity of energy and the energy intensity of gross domestic product (GDP) will decrease continuously.

The models used the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's «A1B» mid-range projected emission scenarios for ozone and aerosol precursors, independently calculated the resulting composition change, and then performed transient simulations to 2050 examining the response to projected changes in the short - lived species and to changes in both long - lived and short - lived species together.

Coffel and Radley Horton of Columbia University projected the number of hot summer days under a worst - case greenhouse gas emission scenario for

Red, black, and blue lines represent the percentages of highly climate change vulnerable species under high (A2), mid-range (A1B) and low (B1) emissions scenarios for birds (A), amphibians (B) and corals (C) for 1975 — 2050 and 1975 — 2090.

The paper's main results are based on the mid-range A1B emission scenario for projected changes from 1975 to 2050.

To investigate how different climate trajectories might influence climate change vulnerability, we assessed species using high (A2), moderate (A1B) and low (B2) IPCC SRES emissions scenarios for 2050 and 2090 [20](Figure 4; Supporting Methods in Supporting Information S1).

J. Leggett, et al., «Emissions Scenarios for the IPCC: An Update,» in IPCC (1992), pp. 68 - 95.

In the past, the IPCC prepared an entire spectrum of possible emissions scenarios for this century.

Another study examined the potential flood damage impacts of changes in extreme precipitation events using the Canadian Climate Centre model and the IS92a emissions scenario for the metropolitan Boston area in the north - eastern USA (Kirshen et al., 2005b).

The Development of Regional and Gridded ($ 5 ^ \ circ \ times 5 ^ \ circ $) Emissions Scenarios for Aircraft and for Surface Sources, Based on CPB Scenarios and Existing Emission Inventories for Aircraft and Surface Sources.

L&S don't even provide the emissions scenario for their future warming prediction - they simply assume that the linear man - made warming trend will continue without any justification.

Leggett, J., W.J. Pepper, and R.J. Swart, 1992: Emissions Scenarios for IPCC: An Update.

One major problem with both F&R as well as K. et al is that they fail to adjust the IPCC's emissions scenarios for the associated variability of uptakes of atmospheric CO2 by the world's oceanic and terrestrial Biota; as I have shown (Curtin 2009 at my website), along with Knorr (2009), the more the emissions, the greater the biotic uptake, pace IPCC.

Not exact matches

It modeled the implications for the company of a requirement for emissions to decline to levels consistent with a so - called «2 °C world» after 2030 and also looked at a number of alternative scenarios based on divergent ranges in global growth and trade, geopolitics, technological innovation and responses to climate change.

He will highlight how organic farming practices can increase yield while keeping emissions low - a win - win scenario for people and planet.

The best estimates of the increase in global temperatures range from 1.8 to 4.0 degrees C for the various emission scenarios, with higher emissions leading to higher temperatures.

Still, she thinks it is clear enough that the «Accelerated Effort» scenario for China would produce a significant reduction in China's emissions.

Under the worst - case scenario (RCP 8.5), which assumes that greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise throughout the 21st century, the authors show the potential for extremely large net increases in temperature - related mortality in the warmer regions of the world.

He noted that the government is studying various scenarios for when it might peak emissions and begin to cut in absolute terms.

Even under the most optimistic scenarios for curbing carbon dioxide emissions, the analysis by an international team shows that one - fifth of the globe's lizard populations, corresponding to 6 percent of all lizard species, may go extinct by 2050.

To produce visualizations that show temperature and precipitation changes similar to those included in the IPCC report, the NASA Center for Climate Simulation calculated average temperature and precipitation changes from models that ran the four different emissions scenarios.

«With this tool we can examine not only carbon emissions, but also those of other greenhouse gases, and as a result tease apart the cost - effectiveness of the scenarios as well as identify what and where impacts are likely to occur for a range of resources,» says Daniel Kammen.

The agency laid out various scenarios under which states might meet targets for cutting their emissions.

It enables us to estimate the impact on regional air pollution emissions, as well as how much land area and water consumption would be needed for each scenario.

ECS is shorthand for the amount of warming expected, given a particular fossil - fuel emissions scenario.

Global temperatures could rise dramatically in 2100 compared with current conditions (dark red areas) under some scenarios for global greenhouse gas emissions.

In their newly published study, the U-M researchers examined cost, energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for different types of 60 - watt - equivalent bulbs and created a computer model to generate multiple replacement scenarios, which were then analyzed.

He said Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs currently is leading an emissions modeling effort that is devising scenarios for ways both Brazil and others can achieve maximum ambition in the years after 2020, and said «our expectation is to have some very good ideas by the end of 2014.»

In using the model to assess the ocean - carbon sink, the researchers assumed a «business as usual» carbon dioxide emissions trajectory, the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario found in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for 2006 - 2010, where emissions continue to rise throughout the 21st century.

Rutledge said of the four IPCC scenarios, he found the second RCP scenario, RCP 4.5, where carbon dioxide emissions flatten out around 2080, to be more plausible under a business - as - usual scenario for coal exploitation.

The researchers analyzed climate suitability projections over time for 513 species across 274 national parks, under a high and low greenhouse gas emission scenario.

On the basis of the inventories for 2005, the researchers estimated African pollutant emissions for 2030 using three scenarios.

To get a sense for how this probability, or risk of such a storm, will change in the future, he performed the same analysis, this time embedding the hurricane model within six global climate models, and running each model from the years 2081 to 2100, under a future scenario in which the world's climate changes as a result of unmitigated growth of greenhouse gas emissions.

By using simulations that were created by running the same model multiple times, with only tiny differences in the initial starting conditions, the scientists could examine the range of summertime temperatures we might expect in the future for the «business - as - usual» and reduced - emissions scenarios.

Under the «business - as - usual» scenario for emissions, they found that droughts similar to the 1995 event are expected to take place every year in the region.

Due mainly to uncertainties in future greenhouse emissions, projections for the 2050s and 2080s diverge more — but in all scenarios mortality would rise steeply.

However, under the high shift scenario — based on mode shifting and policies that encourage denser development and the substitution of telecommunications for travel — the United States could drop its emissions much faster to 280 megatons of CO2 by 2050.

Industry observers say the future is likely to bring a less rosy scenario for coal and possibly for Peabody Energy as climate policies clamping down on emissions take hold.

Meehl and his colleagues used two sophisticated computer models of global climate to predict what would happen under various scenarios for greenhouse gas emission controls, taking into account the oceanic time lag.

Recent projections show that for even the lowest emissions scenarios, thermal expansion of ocean waters21 and the melting of small mountain glaciers22 will result in 11 inches of sea level rise by 2100, even without any contribution from the ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica.

Projections of Future Changes in Climate «For the next two decades, a warming of about 0.2 °C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emission scenariFor the next two decades, a warming of about 0.2 °C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emission scenarifor a range of SRES emission scenarios.

On the high end, recent work suggests that 4 feet is plausible.23, 3,6,7,8 In the context of risk - based analysis, some decision makers may wish to use a wider range of scenarios, from 8 inches to 6.6 feet by 2100.10,2 In particular, the high end of these scenarios may be useful for decision makers with a low tolerance for risk (see Figure 2.26 on global sea level rise).10, 2 Although scientists can not yet assign likelihood to any particular scenario, in general, higher emissions scenarios that lead to more warming would be expected to lead to higher amounts of sea level rise.

Two global scenarios, one of low greenhouse - gas emissions and the other of medium emissions, were created for each model.

Twin ensembles will be investigated for responses to IPCC A1B emissions scenario between 2000 and 2080, both with and without geoengineering activities starting in 2005.

By comparison, scenarios for fossil fuel emissions for the 21st century range from about 600 billion tons (if we can keep total global emissions at current levels) to over 2500 billion tons if the world increases its reliance on combustion of coal as economic growth and population increase dramatically.

Total anthropogenic carbon emissions modeled for in the scenarios selected by the IPCC, based on data from Table All 2.

IIASA researchers have been involved in greenhouse gas emission projections since the beginning of climate change research in the 1970s, including research on both historical emissions as well as projections for future emissions based on multiple scenarios of economic and population growth and technological change.