Environmental justice advocates, who have long criticized cap and trade for its propensity to allow businesses to avoid reducing
emissions at the source, praised the lack of an immediate link to international deforestation programs.
Many environmentalists still oppose such techno - fixes as either bound to produce unintended consequences or a cop - out that could reduce pressure to stop
emissions at the source.
If offset companies really can engage with their customers, help them to reduce
emissions at source as much as possible, and then offset the rest while they seek even larger reductions, then they are probably providing a valuable service.
Bioenergy systems in BECCS are paired with a carbon capture method, facilitating the capture of carbon dioxide
emissions at the source of combustion.
It allows those reducing heat - trapping (greenhouse gas) emissions below their emission cap to use or trade the excess reductions to offset
emissions at another source inside or outside the country.
-- We can't be certain that atmospheric CO2 is really going to cause any substantial harm, but we can be reasonably sure that anything that raises the price of energy (e.g. mitigation, that is reducing
emissions at the source) will impact improvements in lifestyle that most of the world wants.
The «direct» tax proposals under consideration — taxing
emissions at the source, a gas tax, etc. — have a certain logic and efficiency to them and avoid the muddle of derivatives (the dangers of which we can all now see only too well).
Mitigation is the in - word still, but instead of stopping
the emissions at source, some scientists are intent on adaptive planning (or «adaptation».)
«Wind might sporadically replace the electricity from other sources, but it does not necessarily reduce fuel use or
emissions at those sources to anywhere near the same degree.
First, the idea has to actually work, second, the side effects need to be minimal, and third, it has to be able to keep up with an increasing forcing from ever higher greenhouse gas levels, and fourth, it has to be cheaper than the simply reducing
emissions at source.
But Lyft's multi-million dollar a year commitment to investing in emissions reductions will certainly help to reduce net emissions, and as the company itself points out, also serves to establish an incentive to reducing
emissions at source too:
Here's a good example of how not to do carbon offsets, as well as the potential danger in relying on sub-national REDD offset programs rather than reducing
emissions at the source: Greenpeace USA has just released a new report highlight the failures of the Noel Kempff Climate Action Project in Bolivia, sponsored by American Electric Power, BP, and PacifiCorp.
Even with the most determined efforts to cut
emissions at source, we are all still responsible for some carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases going into the atmosphere, so causing global climate change.
Not exact matches
Depending on the
source, electricity can be renewable and
emissions - free, in addition to which the company claims its process may be the most cost - effective out there, coming in
at about $ 10 a barrel in operating costs and $ 10,000 per flowing barrel in capital costs.
While cities and states can certainly reduce their
emissions from existing
sources, energy technology innovation is a critical part of combating climate change, said Akshaya Jha, a professor
at Carnegie Mellon University who specializes in energy and environmental economics.
In the study published in the journal Nature Climate Change, researchers
at the Stockholm Environment Institute write that widely quoted U.S. State Department findings that the oilsands pipeline wouldn't make a significant difference missed a major
source of greenhouse gas
emissions.
Dave Sawyer, one of the authors of the National Round Table on Environment and Economy report, and blogger
at EnviroEconomics.ca, makes some pertinent insider comments on the efficacy of a carbon tax in reducing
emissions from personal transportation, a major
source of
emissions: While the carbon tax will â $ œdriveâ $ some reductions in vehicle kilometers traveled, -LSB-...]
Independently verified
at every stage, the voluntary program sees food manufacturers develop a plan that defines clear targets in key areas of sustainability, such as raw material
sourcing,
emissions, energy, waste, water, biodiversity and social sustainability.
Because methane
emissions from a cow's manure are typically lower than those released from its belching, future studies should look
at the effect of antibiotics on that
source of the greenhouse gas, too, the researchers suggest.
«I think states recognize transportation
emissions are a leading
source of
emissions that need to be tackled,» said Luke Tonachel, director of the clean vehicles and fuels project
at the Natural Resources Defense Council.
«Multiple analyses from many institutions around the Earth confirm that average CO2 is above 400 ppm,» he said, adding that that fact remains true «even
at the South Pole,» thousands of miles from significant carbon
emission sources.
Instead, with the imposition of a cap - and - trade program, O'Connor said, people looked
at the
sources of coal and realized they could obtain it from different parts of the country with lower sulfur, cutting
emissions at less cost.
A team of researchers from the Cockrell School of Engineering
at The University of Texas
at Austin and environmental testing firm URS reports that a small subset of natural gas wells are responsible for the majority of methane
emissions from two major
sources — liquid unloadings and pneumatic controller equipment —
at natural gas production sites.
That makes nuclear fission look a bit more competitive,
at least until the price comes down on solar, wind, biomass, fuel cell, and other, less controversial
emissions - free energy
sources.
Using a new satellite - based method, scientists
at NASA, Environment and Climate Change Canada, and two universities have located 39 unreported and major human - made
sources of toxic sulfur dioxide
emissions.
«If we use the storage as the means to foster the adoption of significantly more renewables that offset the dirtiest
sources, then storage — done the right way and installed
at large - scale — can have beneficial impacts on the grid's
emissions overall,» Webber said.
«There is the potential for the U.S. and other countries to continue to rely on coal as a
source of energy while
at the same time protecting the climate from the massive greenhouse gas
emissions associated with coal,» says Steve Caldwell, coordinator for regional climate change policy
at the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, an Arlington, Va., think tank.
But another 19 % comes from industrial
sources, like concrete plants, whose CO2
emissions are not monitored
at all.
«It is very important to know the
sources of carbon dioxide in running waters as well as the processes controlling respiration and
emissions if we are to understand what happens when the environment changes,» says Erin Hotchkiss, researcher
at Umeå University.
The groups used different statistical approaches to subtract out the gamma - ray
emission from normal astrophysical
sources such as pulsars and supernovae to hunt for a dark matter signal, and each arrived
at the same conclusion — that any gamma - ray light coming from dark matter must be generated by a relatively heavy particle.
In the United States, transportation has surpassed the electricity sector as the top
source of greenhouse gas
emissions,
at around 30 percent.
«We are using
emissions from gas - fired generation as our CO2
source at the pilot plant where we are making up to 10 tons a day,» he says.
Transportation is the second - largest
source of greenhouse gas
emissions in the United States,
at nearly 30 percent of the total output.
Houston, it turned out, had focused on controlling the wrong
emissions from the wrong
sources to lower its ozone levels, says Daniel Cohan, an associate professor of environmental engineering
at Rice University.
«Power plant
emissions verified remotely
at Four Corners sites, largest point
source pollution in U.S..»
And the birth of small, modular nuclear reactors — which can be built
at lower cost and produce no greenhouse gas
emissions — could play a significant role in helping to balance energy outflows from renewable
sources.
Placing carbon capture
at these industrial facilities is significantly cheaper than general air capture and reduces
emissions from the single largest
sources of CO2.
We can not look
at one part in isolation because both
emissions often come from the same
source, namely fossil fuels, say the researchers.
Storing CO2 Under the Sea North Sea, 150 Miles off the Norway Coast — The latest, greatest hope for reducing greenhouse
emissions is to capture carbon dioxide
at the
source and bury it underground.
This has enabled astronomers to trace the radio
emissions to a very small region
at the heart of the quasars, and helped to solve a 50 - year - old puzzle about their
source.
Natural
sources of
emissions such as volcanoes can been seen from space and it seems obvious that there output has been neglected in determining the amount of carbon going into the air
at an given time.
«If we want natural gas to be the cleanest fossil fuel
source, methane
emissions have to be reduced,» says Gabrielle Pétron, an atmospheric scientist
at NOAA and
at the University of Colorado in Boulder, and first author on the study, currently in press
at the Journal of Geophysical Research.
Basically, the
source of pollution is transferred: «It is far less expensive to capture
emissions at the smokestack than the tailpipe,» Pratt adds.
«Tailpipe
emissions are the main
source of greenhouse gases from cars that use fossil fuels,» explained Anthony Shaw, a transport program specialist
at the Intelligent Transportation Society of America, a nonprofit research organization.
While environmental groups fighting for action on climate change don't like to include those options, Wheeler said he felt it was important to look simply
at what
sources produce low or zero
emissions.
Those that reduce
emissions below the cap can sell their excess permits to those
sources that fail to meet the targets — the trade part of the market — resulting in an overall reduction of pollution
at the lowest economic cost, in theory.
Lower rates of asthma and other health problems are frequently cited as benefits of policies aimed
at cutting carbon
emissions from
sources like power plants and vehicles, because these policies also lead to reductions in other harmful types of air pollution.
«The overall significance is that although we already know that reducing methane
emissions can bring great societal benefits via decreased near - term warming and improved air quality, and that many of the
sources can be controlled
at low or even negative cost, we still need better data on
emissions from particular
sources,» Duke University climate sciences professor Drew Shindell said.
The analysis found that
at its peak, the blowout doubled the rate of methane
emissions from the entire Los Angeles basin and temporarily created the largest known human - caused point
source of methane in the United States, twice as large as the next - largest
source, an Alabama coal mine.
Even where methane increases are observed
at the ocean surface, scientists need better data to determine whether
emissions come from hydrates or other seafloor
sources.