Sentences with phrase «emissions factors by»

EIA's carbon dioxide emission factors by consuming sector and State will be updated periodically to reflect changes in the mix of U.S. coal consumption.

EIA's first reported emission factors by coal rank, published in Electric Power Annual 1990, DOE / EIA -0348 (90)(Washington, DC, January 1992), p. 124, were as follows: anthracite, 209; bituminous coal, 209; subbituminous coal, 219; and lignite, 213.

Therefore, emission factors by consuming sector in each State were derived by weighting the emission factors by coal rank and State of origin by the respective amounts received by sector.

These emission factors are based on the mix of coal consumed and the basic emission factors by coal rank and State of origin.

Not exact matches

Studies indicate carbon dioxide emissions from transportation in the province have declined 16 % in that time, and while it's impossible to draw a direct causal relationship between the tax and the emissions decline, it's fair to say it was a factor contributing to indisputable behavioural changes — you can't emit 16 % less CO2 by doing the same things you did before.

That's an alluring factor for an Indian government looking to reduce carbon emissions by 33 - 35 percent within the next 13 years

An article published this week in Nature Climate Change (article via Nature paywall) is making the rounds of the headlines because it makes some pretty bold claims — namely that the US State Department under - estimated the emissions impact of the Keystone XL pipeline by up to a factor of four.

NEC collected or estimated megawatt hour («MWh») generation data for each portfolio project and used region - specific eGRID emissions factors maintained by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine the greenhouse gas («GHG») intensity of each MWh offset by its investments.

«The emissions factors used by Fonterra, FrieslandCampina and Arla are indeed less than the emissions factors provided by the FAO's GLEAM for their regions of production,» they continued.

«Without detailed information from these companies explaining how they arrived at their estimated emissions factors, it is not possible for us to assess why the emissions factors they use are so much lower than those determined by the FAO.»

Similarly, Fonterra said GRAIN's average emissions factor estimate is more than double the amount used by the New Zealand dairy industry.

FrieslandCampina, Fonterra, and Arla have all refuted the GHG emission amounts calculated by GRAIN, claiming that the conversion factor used in the report is inaccurate.

Today's construction industry is more environmentally - conscious than ever, and the amount of CO2 emissions released by vehicles is a significant factor in deciding which ones to use during an assignment.

In this study, we created new per - animal emissions factors — that is measures of the average amount of CH4 discharged by animals into the atmosphere — and new estimates of global livestock methane emissions.»

Since 1950, world population has risen by a factor of 2.7, but our use of materials such as metals and oil has quadrupled, and greenhouse gas emissions are up more than fivefold.

Concentrations of grass pollen are influenced by many factors, the most important being the weather and the emissions, which again depends on the grass species.

Barnard and his team predicted how SoCal's shores would evolve from 2010 through 2100 by modeling the factors that influence beaches — estimates for sea level rise as well as wave and storm behavior and predicted climate change patterns if the world eventually stabilizes its greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century, then starts reducing them.

Despite the findings of these studies and others, the EPA did not update emission factors for the U.S. refinery and petrochemical sector until 2015, seven years after Houston had petitioned the agency to do so and two years after it was sued by environmental justice groups.

The number of emission factors used by the EPA since Southerland's time has proliferated and stands at 22,693.

About a third of the factors used to estimate pipeline leaks and other natural gas emissions in the most recent inventory, for 2015, are based on a 1996 study by the EPA and an industry group then known as the Gas Research Institute.

To construct the estimates, the researchers used data on locomotive diesel consumption, pipeline pumping station electricity consumption, locomotive and power plant emission factors and the AP2 integrated assessment model, which maps county level emissions to costs for counties affected by the emissions.

It produces no carbon dioxide exhaust emissions, and even when the CO2 released in generating the electricity used to charge its batteries is factored in, it is responsible for less than half the amount emitted by the «greenest» petrol cars.

Indeed, using different official sources of activity data and emissions factors can result in estimates that vary by up to 40 per cent in a given year.

«To mitigate the effects of climate change, we can talk about two types of options: to attack it at its origin, by eliminating or reducing the human factors that contribute to it (such as, reducing emissions, controlling pollution, etc.) or developing strategies that allow for its effects to be reduced, such as, in the case that concerns us, increasing green areas in cities, using, for example, the tops of buildings as green roofs,» states the University of Seville researcher, Luis Pérez Urrestarazu.

However, emission factors for Chinese coal were on average 40 per cent lower than the default levels recommended by the IPCC.

The unusually noxious haze was caused by several factors, including industrial pollution and auto emissions trapped by cold, windless weather, said Xu Bin, an associate professor at Shanghai's Tongji University.

«(I) The Administrator shall determine the amount of fossil fuel - based electricity delivered at retail by each electricity local distribution company, and shall use appropriate emission factors to calculate carbon dioxide emissions associated with the generation of such electricity.

Activity data can be for example tonnes of fuel oil used by an industry, while the emission factor expresses the emission of a component in proportion to the activity (for example tonnes of SO 2 / tonne fuel oil).

Why it matters: In the last half of the 20th century, sulfur emissions from fossil fuel burning in China increased by a factor of nine, dramatically reducing visibility.

It is shown that if global methane emissions were to increase by factors of 2.5 and 5.2 above current emissions, the indirect contributions to RF would be about 250 % and 400 %, respectively, of the RF that can be attributed to directly emitted methane alone.

They also point out that there are other factors to consider, such as the deployment of such a system leading to political or military conflict, and the fact it ignores the acidification of the ocean, which is also caused by CO2 emissions.

A limit of approximately 500 GtC on cumulative fossil fuel emissions, accompanied by a net storage of 100 GtC in the biosphere and soil, could keep global temperature close to the Holocene range, assuming that the net future forcing change from other factors is small.

Autoblog adds, «The study suggests that the increase in hybrid vehicle sales will be influenced by such factors such as increased pressure from government agencies to reduce fuel consumption and overall vehicle emissions, as well as a drastic reduction in the cost of hybrid technology.»

GHG emissions created by fuel sources are expected to be factored into California emissions standards post 2025.

The 2015 edition of the EPA's annual report «Light - Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends» estimates the following utility factors for 2015 model year plug - in hybrids to represent the percentage of miles that will be driven using electricity by an average driver, whether in electric only or blended modes: 83 % for the BMW i3 REx, 66 % for the Chevrolet Volt, 45 % for the Ford Energi models, 43 % for the McLaren P1, 37 % for the BMW i8, and 29 % for the Toyota Prius PHV.

The study used the utility factor (since in pure EV mode there are no tailpipe emissions) and the EPA best estimate of the CO2 tailpipe emissions produced by these vehicles in real world city and highway operation based on the EPA 5 - cycle label methodology, using a weighted 55 % city / 45 % highway driving.

But the final horsepower rating will be determined by corporate average fuel economy and emissions factors.

The scores are tabulated by combining a vehicle's tailpipe emissions, with the emissions resulting from the vehicle's manufacturing process, and factors related to how its fuel source (s) are produced and delivered.

Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions are not only determined by a vehicle's fuel efficiency, but also by the driving style and other factors irrespective of vehicle specification.

Not to «anthropogenic climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions» — which is only one factor among many, known and unknown, in anthropogenic climate change.

It reduce the emissions from transport by a factor of ten or more compared with electric cars on renewable energy and a factor of at least forty compared with modern cars traditional and hybrid ICE cars.

However, it is important to keep in mind that we might easily more than double it if we really don't make much effort to cut back (I think the current estimated reserves of fossil fuels would increase CO2 by a factor of like 5 or 10, which would mean a warming of roughly 2 - 3 times the climate sensitivity for doubling CO2 [because of the logarithmic dependence of the resulting warming to CO2 levels]-RRB-... and CO2 levels may be able to fall short of doubling if we really make a very strong effort to reduce emissions.

Indeed, it was a «cap» and a «floor» — emission reductions were held to 50 % even though the economic national benefit of additional reductions exceeded the cost by a factor of 25.

I'm simply questioning the validity of the hypothesis offered by so many climate scientists that CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are a significant factor in global warming, to the extent that they must be drastically reduced.

Victor (243): I'm simply questioning the validity of the hypothesis offered by so many climate scientists that CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are a significant factor in global warming, to the extent that they must be drastically reduced.

Factor in the «carbon light» CO2 from coal seam gas projects in the East (and other LNG expansion in the north and west) and you're talking about Australia's fossil fuel emission exports equating to TWO Saudi Arabias by 2020, not one as I've been saying to many disbelieving ears.

-- Given the continuing rise in urban population, reducing carbon emissions from transportation is considered a key factor in trying to diminish climate change problems caused by larger and larger cities.

The first is basically that mentioned by Greg Simpson in point 7; the seasonal flux in biomass seems to exceed the background rate of change of CO2 in the atmosphere by a large enough factor that it probably exceeds the total emissions.

Scaling Walter's Arctic lake emission rates up by a factor of 100 would increase the overall emission rate, natural and anthropogenic, by about a factor of 5 from where it is today.

The thermal inertia lag is nontrivial — it means that current temperature is less than the equilibrium temperature expected from current forcing by a factor of tau * g, where tau = time constant of thermal inerta and g = growth rate of emissions.