Public financing for energy alternatives should be focused on fostering innovation and achieving the largest possible reduction in heat - trapping
emissions per dollar invested — not on promoting the growth of an industry that has repeatedly shown itself to be a highly risky investment.
The world's fourth - largest greenhouse gas emitter, India committed to reduce its carbon
emissions per dollar of gross domestic product 20 percent to 25 percent by 2020 (compared to 2005 levels).
Time and treasure devoted to that is probably the most effective thing to do, but the avoided
emissions per dollar may not be easy to calculate.
The report's innovative feature, Blank said, is its analysis not just of total emissions, but
emissions per dollar of economic output - what the agency calls «CO2 intensity.»
Green investments are spurring significant growth across the U.S economy while decreasing industry's overall
emissions per dollar of goods and services, according to two reports released Wednesday by the federal government.
Not exact matches
A billion -
dollar scheme to reduce household
emissions in the Czech Republic costs five times as much
per ton of carbon dioxide (CO2) as some European industries need to spend to achieve the same cuts, government data showed.
Current cost estimates for sending the gas deep underground are in the range of tens of
dollars per metric ton of CO2, so sequestering one gigaton (Gt) a year — roughly one sixth of U.S.
emissions — would cost tens of billions of
dollars annually.
During the
emissions trading scheme's trial period, which began in 2005 and ends later this year, confusion in the market caused prices to gyrate from almost $ 40
per ton of CO2 to about a
dollar today.
Still, economists predict such a system would result in a price that averages in the tens of
dollars per ton of
emissions.
Did you know that British Petroleum has implemented Kyoto - sized cuts in its own
emissions 8 years ahead of schedule and claims to be saving hundreds of millions of
dollars (
per year, I believe)?
It also doesn't work out because
emissions -
per -
dollar decrease with higher GDP, as the economy moves from energy - intensive heavy industry towards services.
So, the
dollar per avoided
emissions metric doesn't give a complete picture there either.
Total CO2
emissions in the US have steadily increased ever since we began measuring them — and all the current administration is willing to do is say their should be voluntary programs to reduce CO2
per dollar of GDP (not
per capita, not total
emissions).
He then described Mr. Bush's chosen way of measuring progress — by tracking the amount of carbon dioxide
emissions per unit of gross domestic product (tons
per dollar)-- and said the country was on track to reach Mr. Bush's goal, set in 2002, of an 18 percent drop in greenhouse «intensity» by 2012.
Pfizer, the pharmaceutical company, achieved its initial goal by reducing global greenhouse gas
emissions by 43 percent
per million
dollars of revenue from 2000 to 2007.
On the plus side,
emissions levels have come close to 1990 levels, and we have seen real reductions in
emissions per capita and
per dollar of state GDP.
Comparison of the RCP4.5 to other 4.5 W / m2 stabilization scenarios in literature for a global population assumptions, b global GDP assumptions, c
emissions of CO2 from all energy and industrial sources, and d price of carbon in 2005 US
dollars per ton of CO2
Multiplying the total budget amounts by the observed
emission reductions
dollars per ton benefits is all that is necessary to estimate how much CO2e is expected to be reduced.
Reputable studies have suggested that the whole thing wouldn't cost very much, either: To offset the warming caused by all current CO2
emissions would require an outlay of at most $ 100 billion
dollars per year.
«(iii) achieve the earliest and maximum
emission reductions within a reasonable period
per dollar invested;
(D) give the highest priority to investments that promote technologies that will achieve the maximum greenhouse gas
emission reductions within a reasonable period of time
per dollar invested and the earliest reductions in greenhouse gas
emissions.
From the article: «The tax, which rose from 10 Canadian
dollars per ton of carbon dioxide in 2008 to 30
dollars by 2012, the equivalent of about $ 22.20 in current United States
dollars, reduced
emissions by 5 to 15 percent with «negligible effects on aggregate economic performance,» according to a study last year by economists at Duke University and the University of Ottawa.»
Global
emissions prices rise to about $ 6
per ton of CO2 (in current
dollars) in 2025 and to about $ 20
per ton by 2050.
Other key variables such as
per capita
emissions, energy and carbon intensity of the economy (tonnes C
per dollar of real GDP), and cumulative
emissions are also displayed.
Plan of action - CO2
emissions tax, deregulate low polluting technology and remove current barriers of new technology
per usual pick and choose government interference, facilitate standards to coordinate national and international energy development, subsidize ultra low polluting power generators and fuel to poor countries, investment
dollars awarded to highest rate of return for CO2
emission reduction upon global market, rate tax expenditures and promising technology by independent accounting agency bonded to ensure loss of political and personal cronyism influence.
If we add up all of these costs, which we did in a study published in 2012 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, we find thousands of
dollars of damages
per vehicle (gasoline or electric) that are paid by the overall population rather than only by those releasing the
emissions and consuming the oil.
In the near term, HEVs and PHEVs with small battery packs are more robust, offering more air -
emission and oil - displacement benefits
per dollar spent.
However, because HEVs and PHEVs with smaller battery packs provide more air -
emissions reduction and oil displacement
per dollar spent and offer lifetime costs competitive with conventional vehicles, it is not clear that directing near - term subsidies toward vehicles with large battery packs would produce superior results on any of these objectives.
HELE coal - fired generation mitigates more CO2
emissions than renewables
per dollar of investment.