Developing countries with fast growing aviation sectors such as China and India want more latitude to produce
emissions than developed countries, which are growing more slowly but were responsible for generating the bulk of the industry's historic greenhouse gases.
It also said that while there is no doubt that «people cause climate change,» the developing world has been responsible for a much smaller share of world's greenhouse gas
emissions than developed countries.
Not exact matches
However, a recent report from Friends of the Earth entitled «A Dangerous Distraction» was highly critical of the CDM, suggesting that rather
than reducing global
emissions or benefiting
developing countries, offsetting was merely leading to more ingenious ways to avoid cutting
emissions.
However, for the period 2010 - 2012, more
than half of China's export
emissions resulted from the growth in foreign trade to
developing countries.
Australia relies heavily on coal for its own electricity as well, emitting more CO2 per person
than any other
developed country, and its agricultural
emissions are among the highest per capita in the world, mainly because of the large numbers of sheep and cattle.
Any pledges to lower
emissions by a uniform percentage among industrial
countries will be much harder for the U.S. to achieve, simply because it is gaining people so fast through immigration and a birthrate that is higher
than average for a
developed nation.
More
than 40 mainly
developed countries, including New Zealand and members of the European Union, have, or are in the process of
developing, markets to help cut their output of climate - warming
emissions by putting a price on carbon dioxide.
Energy - related carbon dioxide
emissions from
developing countries will be 127 percent higher
than in the world's most
developed economies by 2040, according to figures released Thursday by the U.S.
Rather
than trying to monetize all
emissions in emerging economies, the clean development mechanism offers a better compromise in theory because it promises to constrain trading to areas where
developing countries have made actual cuts.
«The average per capita resource use in wealthy
countries is 5 to 10 times higher
than in
developing countries, and the
developed countries are responsible for over three quarters of cumulative greenhouse gas
emissions from 1850 to 2000.»
Recognizing that
developed countries are principally responsible for the current high levels of GHG
emissions in the atmosphere as a result of more
than 150 years of industrial activity, the Protocol places a heavier burden on
developed nations under the principle of «common but differentiated responsibilities.»
One major implication of the IPCC's carbon budget, they said, is that
developing countries that are set to surpass the industrialized world as the biggest CO2 emitters during the 21st
country will need to cut their
emissions sooner
than currently planned.
And nearly all of the projected growth rates in
emissions of carbon dioxide (and five other kinds of heat - trapping gases included in the determination) in the next few decades are expected to occur in fast - growing
developing countries, led by China and India (which by midcentury is expected to be have more people
than China and even today has the population density of Japan).
While the United States and Europe are responsible for the vast majority of the carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere through the industrial era, the International Energy Agency foresees more
than 90 percent of the growth in such
emissions coming from
developing countries, led by China.
Given that Americans, per person, produce many times more carbon dioxide
emissions than people in
developing countries (at least for a few more decades), the growth in the United States has added significance for climate projections, said Leiwen Jiang, senior demographer at Population Action International, a nonprofit research group.
More
than half of global
emissions, which totaled more
than 34 billion tons of CO2 in 2007, are now from
developing countries, the report said.
China is standing firm at the Paris climate talks on its demand that rich
countries should bear a greater burden
than developing ones in reducing
emissions and helping
countries cope with global warming.
China still is classified as a
developing country and is thus exempt from any
emissions limits, but it has a vastly larger economy
than it had in 1992 and recently surpassed the United States as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases.
A host of
developing countries, from China to Bolivia to the Philippines, took to the podium to insist that
developed countries cut their
emissions very rapidly by far more
than they had planned.
Rather
than spending time talking about what
emissions reductions would do to the wealthy in the
developed countries lets address the poverty stricken in
developing countries.
He would have to push for far more engagement and investment by the United States in
developing countries — the main source of such
emissions in coming decades — even though many lawmakers and citizens perceive these
countries more as economic foes
than potential allies on energy innovation.
This is a more ambitious target
than the government's target of 80 % reduction by 2050, but it reflects Britain's historical
emissions and gives space for
developing countries to become carbon - neutral more slowly.
Higher density sources of fuel such as coal and natural gas utilized in centrally - produced power stations actually improve the environmental footprint of the poorest nations while at the same time lifting people from the scourge of poverty...
Developing countries in Asia already burn more
than twice the coal that North America does, and that discrepancy will continue to expand... So, downward adjustments to North American coal use will have virtually no effect on global CO2
emissions (or the climate), no matter how sensitive one thinks the climate system might be to the extra CO2 we are putting back into the atmosphere.
In fact,
developing country emissions would have to peak only a few years later
than those in the North — still before 2020 — and then decline by more
than 5 % annually through 2050.
«The possibility that a
country like India could move to a fully renewable electricity system within three decades, and do it more economically
than the current system, shows that the
developing countries can skip the
emission intensive phase in their economic development.
While
developed countries and regions have long been culprits for Earth's rising greenhouse gas
emissions, Cornell researchers — balancing the role of aerosols along with carbons in the equation — now predict a time when
developing countries will contribute more to climate change
than advanced societies: 2030.
The UN explained this, saying «Recognizing that
developed countries are principally responsible for the current high levels of GHG
emissions in the atmosphere as a result of more
than 150 years of industrial activity, the Protocol places a heavier burden on
developed nations under the principle of «common but differentiated responsibilities.
The current disparity in per capita
emissions between
developing and
developed countries is much larger
than this, meaning it would take a lot for both
developed and
developing countries to reach these levels.
To ask India to take on the same obligations as
developed countries with more
than 30 times higher per capita income and over ten times higher per capita
emissions is simply unfair.
Under this road map, the
developed countries in the Kyoto Protocol would take on their second - period commitments that in aggregate would reach the science - based requirement of 25 - 40 per cent
emissions cut (or more
than 40 % as demanded by
developing countries) by 2020 compared to 1990.
After all, the
country burns more coal
than five years ago, has some of the highest household electricity bills in the
developed world and will miss its 2020 greenhouse gas
emission targets.
This ten - year old vote is being cited today, most recently in the Shergold report (the PMs Task Group on
emissions trading) as evidence that the US will never ratify Kyoto, or, more generally, an agreement that imposes more stringent requirements on
developed countries like the US
than on China and India.
A global median of 54 % say that rich
countries such as the U.S., Japan and Germany should do more
than developing countries to address global warming, because they have produced most of the world's greenhouse gas
emissions so far.
But the requirement that the
developed countries «should continue taking the lead by undertaking economy - wide absolute
emission reduction targets» is vastly more stringent
than the provision by which
developing countries are merely «encouraged to move over time towards» reduction or limitation targets.
Emissions from emerging economies such as China and India have more
than doubled since 1990 and
developing countries now emit more greenhouse gases
than developed countries.
The use of coal as a fuel has now surpassed oil and
developing countries now emit more greenhouse gases
than developed countries — with a quarter of their growth in
emissions accounted for by increased trade with the West.
(3) The
countries most vulnerable to climate change, due both to greater exposure to harmful impacts and to lower capacity to adapt, are
developing countries with very low industrial greenhouse gas
emissions that have contributed less to climate change
than more affluent
countries.
Carbon Offsets To Alleviate Poverty (COTAP) empowers individuals and organizations to fight both climate change and global poverty by connecting their carbon
emissions with certified forestry projects in least -
developed countries which create life - changing income for smallholder farmers who live on less
than $ 2 per day.
-- Not later
than 2 years after the date of enactment of this title, the Administrator, in consultation with the Administrator of USAID and any other appropriate agencies, shall promulgate regulations establishing a program to use
emission allowances set aside for this purpose under section 781 to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions from deforestation in
developing countries in accordance with the requirements of this part.
Total energy - related CO2
emissions for
developed countries (Annex I) were only 1.1 % higher
than their 1990 level in 2000 and if other greenhouse gases and sinks are counted, these
countries could have collectively achieved their goal of returning
emissions to 1990 levels.
He argues that humanity and the Earth will be able to handle increased greenhouse gases and that lifting people in
developing countries from poverty is more important
than capping
emissions.
Overall, the carbon dioxide
emissions generated by exported goods and services from
developing countries rose by 46 percent between 2004 and 2011, and
emissions generated by South - South trade grew more quickly
than emissions generated by exports to
developed countries.
The United States is not only responsible for the current crisis because, as President Obama noted, it is the second highest emitter of ghg in the world behind China, it has historically emitted much more ghgs into the atmosphere
than any other
country including China, it is currently near the top of all nations in per capita ghg
emissions, and the US has been responsible more
than any other
developed nation for the failure of the international community to adopt meaningful ghg
emissions reduction targets from the beginning of international climate negotiations in 1990 until the Obama administration.
Developed countries would have to achieve a reduction of more
than 85 percent (relative to 2005
emissions) in 2050 to stabilize CO2 at 450 ppmv if the
developing countries don't begin participating until 2020.
However, it is unlikely that the world will address climate change in this wholly cooperative fashion — more likely, it will be years before
developing countries are willing to comprehensively price their
emissions, and even when they do, it may be at a lower rate
than prevailing in the European Union and United States.
Biomass and hydropower dominate renewable energy, particularly in
developing countries where biomass remains an important source of energy for heating and cooking; per capita
emissions from many
developing countries remain lower
than the global average.
Hohne said these six
countries make up roughly two - thirds of the
developing world
emissions, which are more
than half of the global total; include everybody and you get a 16 percent reduction in cumulative
emissions from the
developing world.
He said India would not have reached even two tonnes per capita by 2030, and
emissions per head would always be less
than the average in the
developed world, which needed to do more on finance and technology for the poorer
countries.
In a nutshell, hitting Paris targets will mean both that
developed nations start rapidly reducing toward net - zero
emissions by mid-century and that
developing nations find a different path to prosperity
than the one traveled by the
countries around them holding all the wealth and still, on a per - capita basis, emitting the most carbon.
While some Parties are making more progress in cutting
emissions than others, what unsettles us the most is that not a single
developed country has indicated their intention to increase their targets for 2020, neither those
countries that remain under the Kyoto Protocol or, even worse, from those who have stepped outside (or were never in).