"Emotion socialization" refers to the process of learning how to understand and express emotions based on the values, beliefs, and behaviors of the people around us. It involves parents, caregivers, and society teaching us how to manage our emotions in certain situations and how to interact with others.
Full definition
In both studies, based on our rationale described above, we expected to find significant relationships between higher CU traits and a more negative pattern of parental
emotion socialization beliefs and practices; including less coaching and acceptance of emotions, and more dismissing and disapproval of emotions.
It follows from both perspectives that impaired parental
emotion socialization behaviors can negatively affect children's social - emotional development through various processes including modelling negative expressivity, channeling specific emotional responses, emotional insecurity in the home, inadequate scaffolding of child emotion understanding, and shaping children's schema's of emotions (Cummings et al. 2014; Eisenberg et al. 1998; Goodman and Godlib 1999).
Maternal
emotion socialization in maltreating and non ‐ maltreating families: Implications for children's emotion regulation.
This finding was independent of the effects of the severity of children's disruptive behavior and did not overlap with the other scales of
maternal emotion socialization beliefs.
Based on Gottman et al. [30] conceptualization
of emotion socialization styles, the ERPSST was designed to yield four scores: dismissive, disapproving, laissez - faire, and emotion coaching.
Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) The current study examined the efficacy of the Tuning in to Teens (TINT) parenting program in
improving emotion socialization practices in parents of preadolescents and reducing youth internalizing difficulties.
Although the effect of parental
emotion socialization on emotion regulation appears to be influenced by autonomic processes, research on physiological regulation and the influence of parental factors remains scarce.
At first glance, this finding appears to contradict previous research on parental
emotion socialization as well as various theories on supportive parenting, proposing that an open and accepting attitude toward negative child emotions and the willingness to talk about such feelings foster children's adequate understanding and regulation of emotions, and empathic concern for others (Eisenberg et al. 1998; Gottman et al. 1996; Kochanska 2002; Mesman et al. 2012).
Parental psychopathology symptoms may not only affect child social - emotional development through
impaired emotion socialization of that particular parent.
Bootstrap estimates for independent associations between directly observed
parent emotion socialization practices and callous — unemotional traits, controlling for age
Furthermore, to date research on the effects of parental psychological problems on
emotion socialization focused mainly on parents» internalizing symptoms, such as depressed mood and (to a lesser extent) anxiety, while little attention has been given to the potential negative consequences of parents» externalizing symptoms like outbursts of anger and impulsive behavior.
To test our main hypotheses, the resulting parental
emotion socialization variables were entered alongside potential confounds in multiple regression analyses, with multi-informant CU traits scores as the dependent variable.
Similarly, the lack of guilt and remorse associated with CU traits might frustrate parents in their bids to socialize high CU children about emotions, leading to less positive and more
negative emotion socialization practices over time.
Maternal
supportive emotion socialization predicted fewer, and punitive socialization predicted more, mother - reported internalizing problems at Time 2 only for youths who showed RSA suppression to fear - inducing films.
In addition, less supportive
emotion socialization predicted more youth - reported depression symptoms at Time 2 only for girls who showed more RSA suppression to sadness.
Our study provides insight in the intergenerational transmission of parental psychopathology to child behavior problems
via emotion socialization.
Thus, there is reason to speculate that the significant dimensions of parental
emotion socialization uncovered in the current research may be uniquely predictive of CU traits over and above behavior - oriented parenting practices and global qualities of the parent — child relationship.
It is also important, however, to consider the potential influence of CU traits, or an underlying temperament characterized by low emotionality, on parents» attempts
at emotion socialization, considering previous findings on bi-directional associations between these personality features and dimensions of parenting [13].
Further, despite accumulated findings on parental socialization, and early childhood research that shows that teachers are engaging in
emotion socialization behaviours, we know little about how teachers (or, for that matter, peers or siblings) socialize children's EC.34 Research is also needed to discern possible indirect contributors to EC, such as parental psychopathology, divorce, poverty and child care quality.
Self -
reported emotion socialization behaviors and observed parenting practices were correlated with criticism and emotional over-involvement ratings.
Using a retrospective, self - report measure, gender -
based emotion socialization patterns were found across all 3 emotions, which suggests that the gender of both the parent and child influences the way in which different emotions are socialized.
In sum, it is plausible that parental
emotion socialization acts as a mediator in the relation between parental psychopathology symptoms and child outcomes.
Indeed, studies have found that parents with psychological difficulties show less
optimal emotion socialization practices such as low sensitive responsiveness to negative child emotions (e.g., Dix et al. 2004).
Maladaptive regulation of fear and sadness, the core of anxiety and depression, arises from the conjoint influences of ineffective parasympathetic regulation of emotion and
ineffective emotion socialization experiences.
Emotion Socialization Strategies of Mothers With Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms: The Role of Maternal Emotion Regulation and Interactions With Infant Temperament.
This study examined the efficacy of the Tuning in to Teens (TINT) program in
improving emotion socialization practices in parents and whether this reduced family conflict and youth externalizing.
The findings from these studies converge to suggest that the mothers of children with high levels of CU traits have a more negative
emotion socialization style, characterized by less acceptance and more dismissing of children's experience and expression of emotions.
The significant relationships between parental
emotion socialization beliefs and DBD symptoms were in expected directions and in line with results from some previous studies [34, 35], and provide support for the convergent validity of this study's brief version of the ERPSST.
The second path representing the influence of parents»
emotion socialization behaviors on various domains of child social - emotional development has also been well - documented, albeit again mostly for mothers (e.g., Eisenberg et al. 2003; Grimbos et al. 2013) and to a lesser extent for fathers (e.g., Denham et al. 2010).
Despite the fact that both theory and research suggest that psychopathology symptoms in one of the parents affect both parents» emotion - related parenting behaviors, most studies examining the association between parental psychopathology symptoms and
emotion socialization focus on a single parent — child dyad per family.
Table 2 shows descriptive statistics for children's DBD symptoms (i.e., CP and ADHD symptoms) and CU traits, and parental
emotion socialization variables; as well as the bivariate correlations among these variables.
Phrases with «emotion socialization»