Furthermore, to date research on the effects of parental psychological problems on
emotion socialization focused mainly on parents» internalizing symptoms, such as depressed mood and (to a lesser extent) anxiety, while little attention has been given to the potential negative consequences of parents» externalizing symptoms like outbursts of anger and impulsive behavior.
In this chapter, I will
focus my discussion of
emotion socialization on three areas: the role played by cultural display rules and imitation; the impact of gender differences in infant temperament and language development on
socialization; and the sometimes surprising influence of processes of differentiation between mothers» and children's emotional expressiveness.