HS12 uses the oxygen isotope record in ocean sediments Zachos et al. (2008) to estimate past changes of sea level and ocean temperature, and thus obtain a largely
empirical estimate of climate sensitivity.
Would the lower rate of cooling give us something close to
an empirical estimate of climate sensitivity to increased CO2?
However, as Hansen notes,
empirical estimates of climate sensitivity based on paleoclimate data are consistent with the sensitivity in climate models of approximately 3 °C for doubled atmospheric CO2.
Not exact matches
Climate model studies and empirical analyses of paleoclimate data can provide estimates of the amplification of climate sensitivity caused by slow feedbacks, excluding the singular mechanisms that caused the hyperthermal
Climate model studies and
empirical analyses
of paleoclimate data can provide
estimates of the amplification
of climate sensitivity caused by slow feedbacks, excluding the singular mechanisms that caused the hyperthermal
climate sensitivity caused by slow feedbacks, excluding the singular mechanisms that caused the hyperthermal events.
We should underscore that the concepts
of radiative forcing and
climate sensitivity are simply an
empirical shorthand that climatologists find useful for
estimating how different changes to the planet's radiative balance will lead to eventual temperature changes.
The reports for which you provided links are interesting, but do not provide any
empirical evidence in support
of the Myhre et al. model - based
estimate of CO2
climate sensitivity (clear sky, no feedbacks).
It's NOT a matter
of me being «stubborn», it is a matter
of you failing to cite studies providing
empirical evidence to support the Myhre et al.
estimates of 2xCO2
climate sensitivity (upon which the whole IPCC CAGW house
of cards rests), as requested by Jim Cripwell and myself.
Gavin's refusal to admit the extreme LU efficacy comes down to accepting one very dubious run, a run which is a clear statistical outlier, goes to the heart
of the problem with Marvel et al: the authors got results they «liked» (lower efficacy for many forcings implies higher
climate sensitivity... casting doubt on lower
empirical estimates), and so failed to critically examine if their results might have errors.
Climate model studies and empirical analyses of paleoclimate data can provide estimates of the amplification of climate sensitivity caused by slow feedbacks, excluding the singular mechanisms that caused the hyperthermal
Climate model studies and
empirical analyses
of paleoclimate data can provide
estimates of the amplification
of climate sensitivity caused by slow feedbacks, excluding the singular mechanisms that caused the hyperthermal
climate sensitivity caused by slow feedbacks, excluding the singular mechanisms that caused the hyperthermal events.
However, I noticed in one
of his recent postings that he deliberately avoided claiming that there was any
empirical evidence to support the various
estimates of climate sensitivity.
We study
climate sensitivity and feedback processes in three independent ways: (1) by using a three dimensional (3 - D) global
climate model for experiments in which solar irradiance So is increased 2 percent or CO2 is doubled, (2) by using the CLIMAP
climate boundary conditions to analyze the contributions
of different physical processes to the cooling
of the last ice age (18K years ago), and (3) by using
estimated changes in global temperature and the abundance
of atmospheric greenhouse gases to deduce an
empirical climate sensitivity for the period 1850 - 1980.