The selected region of the bony labyrinth was subsequently outlined for each CT slice image in VGStudioMax and added together to produce segments representing
endocasts of both bony labyrinths in each specimen.
STLs of the registered «mean'the San and MLDG 1704 endocasts were imported into Mimics and a cutting plane was generated and positioned as above, with
the endocast of MLDG 1704 superimposed (Figure S4).
The Maludong endocast is broader and taller than the Chinese Pleistocene H. sapiens cranium from Liujiang (breadth 115 mm, height 95 mm), and much broader than
the endocast of the late Upper Pleistocene Japanese Minatogawa I cranium (112 mm).
Its frontal lobe is, however, very distinct from
the endocast of the H. rhodesiensis Kabwe cranium (breadth 108 mm, height 88 mm, chord 78 mm), broader and longer than NEAND endocasts (breadth 107 mm, chord 82 mm) and broader, longer and taller than ERECT (breadth: 99 ± 8 mm; z2.64, p0.01; height: 74 ± 11 mm; 2.18, p0.02; chord: 76 ± 6 mm; z1.60).
Not exact matches
Biofilms form
endocasts and once dissolved out
of the bone, mimic real blood vessels and osteocytes.
Still, researchers have spent decades debating the implications
of partially preserved brain surface features on hominid
endocasts.
Endocast researchers need to study the range
of brain surface characteristics in a larger sample
of living chimps and other apes to make more accurate comparisons, Falk says.
«I was really wrong about the handful
of Australopithecus
endocasts,» Falk says.
The study casts doubt on a 2014 paper by Falk that was based on casts
of the inside
of fossil braincases, called
endocasts, which preserve impressions
of these surface features.
Identification
of in vivo sulci on the external surface
of eight adult chimpanzee brains: implications for interpreting early hominin
endocasts.
That oddly textured pebble, scientists report at the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology meeting, is actually an
endocast — an impression preserved in the rock — that represents the first known evidence
of fossilized brain tissue
of a dinosaur (likely a close relative
of Iguanodon, a large, herbivorous type
of dinosaur that lived about 133 million years ago).
Then they compared the two
endocasts with those for seven fossils
of early cynodonts — carnivorous reptiles that are close relatives
of the first mammals — as well as with
endocasts for 27 other primitive mammals that lived between 65 million and 190 million years ago and with the brains
of 270 living mammals.
Two grooves identified on an
endocast from a partial H. naledi skull frame the language - related section
of Broca's area in humans today, Hurst said.
Biofilms form
endocasts and once dissolved out
of the bone, mimic real blood vessels and osteocytes.
Olduvai Gorge, Vol.4: The Skulls,
Endocasts and Teeth
of Homo habilis.
A 3D virtual
endocast was rendered from CT - scans
of MLDG 1704 (Figure 11A — D; Figures S1, S2, S3, S4).
The volume
of this separated portion amounted to 39 %
of the original total brain volume for the mean San
endocast.
A resulting file
of the reference planes and bony labyrinth
endocasts for Petauroides volans is shown in Figure 1.
103 The Taung
endocast showing the brain surface is a natural one, made by concretelike sediments collecting on the inside
of the skull long after death and settling into whatever grooves the brain surface and blood vessels had imprinted on the inside
of the skull.
Latex
endocasts can also be made
of skulls.
For a photo gallery
of skulls and
endocasts, see Dean Falk's collection at http://www.albany.edu/braindance/gallery.htm. A comparative collection
of brains is at http://brainmuseum.org. The photograph
of Tobias and Calvin is thanks to Dr. Qian Wang.