Next, a copy of the homing
endonuclease gene with its surrounding DNA inserts itself into the gap as the cell heals the breach.
Burt's notion was to domesticate a microbial family of selfish elements called homing
endonuclease genes.
Not exact matches
Those
genes make
endonucleases — DNA - cutting enzymes that target one spot in an organism's entire genetic catalog, or genome.
Harvard's Esvelt was among the first to recognize that CRISPR is essentially an ultraflexible homing
endonuclease that could easily be turned into a
gene drive.
To put his
gene theory into practice, all Burt and his colleagues had to do was reengineer a homing
endonuclease to cut a certain spot in a mosquito's genome.
In addition to homing
endonucleases, scientists have been tinkering with two artificial protein systems as programmable
gene - editing tools.
The RNA - guided
endonuclease Cas9 is a versatile genome - editing tool with a broad range of applications from therapeutics to functional annotation of
genes.
Critically, gesicles do not result in persistence of the Cas9
endonuclease, which in turn reduces the chances of off - target effects and provides precise control of the dose and timing of
gene editing.
Introduction of DNA double - strand breaks by site - specific
endonucleases called meganucleases is being successfully used to target endogenous
genes in human cells.