While you promote healthy fats for brain, neurological and general health; Dr. Esselstyn suggests that all oils damage
the endothelial lining of our blood vessels... I am interested in adopting your suggestions, and have read «Grain Brain,» but remain a little apprehensive of embracing healthy fats... how would you address Dr. Esselstyn specifically?
«Forks Over Knives» is about returning to that level of simplicity in our food consumption ~ ~ raw, whole foods with minimal processing with no animal product and minimal oil — the good doctors have the science behind the destruction of
the endothelial lining of our blood vessels and the development of cancer and vascular disease when these animal products, processed foods and oils are consumed.
So if the EndoPAT score is a true measure of endothelial functionality, you will see the effect of a high fat diet, not in a single score, but in the trajectory of scores over time as
the endothelial lining of your arteries is eroded away.
A Chinese research team published in the journal Atherosclerosis examined the effect of CoQ10 on the delicate
endothelial lining of the coronary arteries.
Hi Doda, Dr. Robert Vogel did the research study showing that olive oil, which is 14 % saturated fat, inflamed
the endothelial lining of the arteries: http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/features/say-no-to-olive-oil
The mediator of this effect is an odorless, colorless gas called nitric oxide, produced by
the endothelial lining of every blood vessel in your body under conditions of health and pleasure, meaning sustainable aerobic exercise.
Malaria parasites grow in red blood cells and stick to
the endothelial lining of blood vessels through a large family of parasite proteins called PfEMP1.
Not exact matches
The Weill Cornell researchers» process was more direct: Four transcription factors prompted adult mouse
endothelial cells, which
line the inside
of blood vessels, to turn into HSCs.
In experiments conducted on human lung
endothelial cells and in mice, the researchers showed that NS1 caused permeability
of the endothelium, which
lines the walls
of blood and lymph vessels.
Epithelial cells form tissue layers that cover our skin and the inner surfaces
of most
of our internal organs, while
endothelial cells
line the adjacent blood - transporting vessels and capillaries that support their functions.
In their latest study, Guarente and his colleagues decided to explore the role
of sirtuins in
endothelial cells, which
line the inside
of blood vessels.
Luster's team hopes to further investigate the characteristics
of joints that underlie the critical role
of C5a in initiating type III hypersensitivity and whether specific molecules expressed on
endothelial cells
lining joints play a role in transporting C5a and chemokines from the joint space into adjacent blood vessels.
Current thinking regarding type III hypersensitivity is that immune cells within tissues sense the presence
of these immune complexes (ICs) through specific receptor molecules and release inflammatory factors called cytokines that activate the
endothelial cells
lining adjacent blood vessels to promote the recruitment
of neutrophils.
In earlier studies involving animal models and human cancer cell
lines, researchers found that breast cancer spreads when three specific cells are in direct contact: an
endothelial cell (a type
of cell that
lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type
of immune cell found near blood vessels), and a tumor cell that produces high levels
of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer cell's ability to spread.
In the current study, the researchers report that NOTCH1 acts like a sensor on the
endothelial cells — the cells that
line the valve and vessels — detecting blood flow outside
of the cell and transmitting information to a network
of genes inside the cell.
The researchers then differentiated the iPS cells into
endothelial cells, which
line the interior
of the heart and blood vessels, before transplantation.
Using nanoparticles designed and screened for
endothelial delivery
of short strands
of RNA called siRNA, the researchers were able to target RNAi to
endothelial cells, which form the
linings of most organs.
To determine whether
endothelial cells — the cells that
line the interior surface
of blood vessels — directly influence breast cancer cell growth, they then created unique organotypic models
of lung and bone marrow microvascular niches, in which
endothelial cells formed blood vessel - like structures in culture as they would in the original organ.
In the chamber, tubes about the thickness
of a human hair were
lined with
endothelial cells as in natural blood vessels.
Using a powerful imaging technique that allowed the scientists to track the presence and movement
of parasites in living tissues, the researchers found that Toxoplasma infects the brain's
endothelial cells, which
line blood vessels, reproduces inside
of them, and then moves on to invade the central nervous system.
«
Endothelial cells make up the inner
lining of blood vessels,» said William Durante, Ph.D., professor
of medical pharmacology and physiology at the MU School
of Medicine and lead author
of the study.
The team used light and electron microscopy to show that lymphatic
endothelial cells, which
line the interior surface
of the lymph node capsule, contain a number
of channels that penetrate the whole thickness
of the cells.
The study, published in Proceedings
of the National Academy
of Sciences, found that rod - shaped nanoparticles — or nanorods — as opposed to spherical nanoparticles, appear to adhere more effectively to the surface
of endothelial cells that
line the inside
of blood vessels.
It both promotes angiogenesis within the tumor and increased the migration
of endothelial cells, which form the inner
lining of blood vessels.
«Up to now, the Tie2 receptor has only been known in
endothelial cells that
line the inside
of blood vessels,» Milde said.
Instead
of dispensing ink, Organovo's bioprinter uses two robotic tips to deposit globs
of cells — in this case,
endothelial cells that
line blood - vessel walls, smooth muscle cells that regulate vessel dilation and contraction, and structural fibroblast cells.
Among other effects, immune cells disrupt the function
of the
endothelial layer, the
lining of the blood vessels, counteracting «all the good things that the
endothelial cells produce,» says physiologist Brett Mitchell
of Texas A&M College
of Medicine in College Station.
A specific lung - targeting molecule is attached to the carrier's surface and the steriod, dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory, is loaded into the nanogel, which then binds to lung
endothelial cells
lining the inside wall
of the blood vessels where it rapidly delivers the drug.
In an effort to overcome these limitations, a team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering led by its Founding Director, Donald Ingber, M.D., Ph.D., had previously engineered a microfluidic «Organ - on - a-Chip» (Organ Chip) culture device in which cells from a human intestinal cell
line originally isolated from a tumor were cultured in one
of two parallel running channels, separated by a porous matrix - coated membrane from human blood vessel - derived
endothelial cells in the adjacent channel.
That's because experiments conducted on the International Space Station involving cells that
line the inner surfaces
of blood vessels (
endothelial cells) show that microgravity accelerates cardiovascular disease and the biological aging
of these cells.
To study this barrier and determine why a lack
of blood flow causes it to leak, the researchers built a blood - vessel - on - a-chip model consisting
of a channel
lined with a layer
of human
endothelial cells surrounded by extracellular matrix within a microfluidic device, which allowed them to easily simulate and control the flow
of blood through a vessel and evaluate the cells» responses.
The force
of that blood flow helps keep the cells that
line the blood vessels, called
endothelial cells, healthy; when blood flow is disrupted, such as during surgical procedures or a stroke, the vessels start to leak, which can cause a host
of inflammatory responses that lead to cell damage and disease.
The transplanted stem cells had differentiated into
endothelial cells — which form the inner
lining of a blood vessel, providing a barrier between blood and spinal cord tissue — and attached to capillaries in the spinal cord.
This environment includes
endothelial cells (the cells
lining the inside
of blood vessels) and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which provide structural support and signaling to surrounding cells.
It took advantage
of the brain's own mechanism for getting a necessary nutrient, iron, across the
lining of endothelial cells that form the blood - brain barrier.
Endothelial cells (passage 5) from each
line were plated onto 96 - well plates at a density
of 1000 cells / well in 10 % DMEM.
The rate
of cell proliferation varied only slightly between the different
endothelial cell
lines (Fig. 3) ⇓.
We capitalized on one
of the innate responses
of microvascular
endothelial cells, i.e., the up - regulation
of cell adhesion molecules in response to inflammatory agents, to generate
endothelial cell
lines from different organs.
Tissue - specific microvascular
endothelial cell
lines from H - 2K (b)- tsA58 mice for studies
of angiogenesis and metastasis
The constitutive expression
of these
endothelial cell adhesion molecules was very similar for most
of the
lines derived from different organs, i.e., very low expression levels
of E-selectin and VCAM - 1 and more pronounced expression
of ICAM - 1.
Each
of the
endothelial cell
lines established from the H - 2Kb - tsA58 transgenic mice was capable
of generating vascular - like channels on Matrigel within 12 h.
At that key point, Takebe added two more types
of cell known to help to recreate organ - like function in animals:
endothelial cells, which
line blood vessels, taken from an umbilical cord; and mesenchymal cells, which can differentiate into bone, cartilage or fat, taken from bone marrow.
The selection strategy targeted cell populations expressing the inducible
endothelial cell adhesion molecules, E-selectin and VCAM - 1, and proved successful in generating microvascular
endothelial cell
lines from a number
of different organs.
We have observed on several occasions that, for the majority
of endothelial cell
lines, the transfer to 37 °C conditions for 72 h correlated with a 50 % reduction in cell proliferation, a value that continued to decrease with time.
As expected, all
of the
endothelial cell
lines showed diminished constitutive expression
of E-selectin (data not shown) and VCAM - 1 (Fig. 4C) ⇓ in comparison with surface levels
of ICAM - 1 (Fig. 4B) ⇓.
Thus, our selection strategies, which were based on targeting
endothelial populations that expressed both
of these inducible glycoproteins, suggest that the
endothelial cell
lines generated in this study are most likely from this microcirculatory region.
Established cell
lines exhibited several inherent
endothelial properties, including the expression
of constitutive and inducible levels
of endothelial cell adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule - 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule - 1, internalization
of acetylated low - density lipoprotein, and formation
of loop structures on Matrigel surfaces.
Each
of the
endothelial cell
lines demonstrated an ability to orient into capillary - like structures when placed onto a Matrigel surface (Fig. 5A) ⇓.
Three types
of structural variations were visible in the tissue - specific
endothelial cell
lines (Fig. 2) ⇓.
However, efforts to examine the in vitro behavior
of tumor cells with
endothelial cells from different anatomical regions have been prohibited because, in large part,
of the limited number
of organ - derived
endothelial cell
lines available for study.