Chlorogenic acids may exert protective effects against metabolic syndrome risk through their antioxidant properties, in particular toward vascular endothelial cells, in which nitric oxide production may be enhanced, by promoting
endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression.
In diabetic rat models, female mesenteric arteries show greater abnormal vascular responses demonstrated by greater impairment of acetycholin - induced relaxation and an increased expression
of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
The study, which appears online October 29 in the journal Science Signaling, describes a previously uncharacterized interaction between GRK2 and an enzyme
called endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), in which the two enzymes attempt to block one another's activity, with different outcomes on heart function.
Even though oral arginine can be completely ineffective in small doses, if the dosages are too high (depending on the individual recipient) arginine can actually
disrupt endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) levels by activating a feedback mechanism which the body utilizes to mitigate excessive formation of nitric oxide (NO).
Even more encouraging is evidence that polyphenols in olive oil can interact with a hereditary gene variant
of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (the NOS3 Glu298Asp polymorphism, which is a risk factor for hypertension and coronary artery disease), to improve endothelial function after meals.19 So, even if genetics are not in your favor, olive oil may help.»
Because Dr. Nisoli and others had found that
endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, also called Nos3) is associated with the life span - extending effects of calorie restriction, mitochondrial biogenesis, and SIRT1 expression, he and his team investigated the relationship between the BCAAem and eNOS.
If the dosages are too high (subjected to inter-individual variability factor) the excessive dosages can actually suppress
the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) levels by activating a feedback mechanism the body employs to mitigate the excessive formation of nitric oxide.