Sentences with phrase «energy out of the layer»

And also reduces the flow of energy into the layer from below (or increases the flow of energy out of the layer to below — depending on the sign of the temperature difference).

This means energy into the layer = energy out of the layer.

Not exact matches

To feel out the dark matter in our universe, the AMS uses layers of detectors, shown below, to measure the speed and energy of particles in cosmic rays:

Plus, too many layers of editing tend to suck the energy out of ideas that started fresh and vibrant, as each reviewer tries to justify his or her existence with «just a few changes.»

The complete sunshield consists of five thin reflective layers of plastic that bounce heat back into space — and any energy they do absorb radiates out between the layers.

Layers of nanotubes in between the fibreglass and steel of the skis spread out incoming energy, dampening the shakes and helping the skiers maintain their speed and stability.

Energy developers and researchers alike want to find out what's living in the Marcellus Shale's deep layers of rock.

The EU funded Excess project, which finishes August 31, set out three years ago to take on what the researchers perceived as a lack of holistic, integrated approaches to cover all system layers from hardware to user level software, and the limitations this caused to the exploitation of the existing solutions and their energy efficiency.

When an icy impact occurred, the impactor's kinetic energy became heat energy, instantly melted some ice, gouged out a crater, and kicked up into Mars» thin atmosphere large amounts of debris mixed with water (liquid, ice crystals, and vapor)-- and complex organic molecules that obviously came recently from life.127 Then, the dirt and salt - water mixture settled back to the surface in vast layers of thin sheets — strata — especially around the crater.

Kevin, even with greater evaporation, when one considers all the energy fluxes into and out of the ocean cool skin layer, as long as the change in net energy flux causes the cool skin to warm, the temperature gradient between the cool skin layer and the bulk ocean below it will decrease.

While the production was still figuring a few things out on set, I could see all the time and energy that had been put into layering this film with tons of spectacular extras that this is going to be something special when it gets released in 2011.

Each sub-system of it, be it atmosphere layers or ocean layers, has an energy throughput, which is in / out balanced for a sufficiently short given period.

Thus, for a well - coupled convecting troposphere, one defines the climate sensitivity (in the absence of feedback) as 1 / [d (SB) / dT] = 1 / (4 * sigma * T ^ 3), where T in this case is actually the emission temperature of the planet where infrared radiation leaks out to space (analogous to the photosphere of the sun, where eventually the outer layers of the sun become optically thin to visible radiation, and allow that energy to escape to space), not the surface temperature.

Scientists now are teasing out the secrets of complex multi-scaled layers of turbulence in plasmas, the movement of particles through those plasmas, their interaction with magnetic fields, and numerous other phenomena that impact the plasma's ability to be harnessed as an energy source.

Where do they account for the evaporative cooling in the interacting layer that cancels out the heating in the skin layer so as to prevent any reduction of the natural upward energy fllux?

On top of what you described, I would add another layer — that the Earth as a whole is a far - from - equilibrium system, and is constantly in a process of DOING WORK — instilling order out of incident energy.

Regulating the use of coal and oil out of the economy, increasing redistributive taxes to a massive degree, centralizing control of the energy economy in the government, ceding additional sovereignty to unaccountable international organizations, and creating one additional layer of bureaucracy upon another is not political.

His exposition does not deal with the real situation of the atmosphere, which is in effect a layer of gas dealing with an infrared energy flux emanating from the Earth's surface and which passes out into the void of space.

As you rightly point out, the influence of oceanic heat - sinks is potentially a large factor and I don't really know how the transfer of energy within it is modelled in terms of difusion, layer mixing and bulk transport.

The explosive release of latent energy increases the local pressure at the condensation layer forcing down on the condensation layer which is immobile due to the condensation temperature limit forcing, expanding air out in all directions while condensation cause a smaller scael implosion.

But exactly the same amoutn of LWIR energy in that 1/2 degree cone angle, also falls on the sun which is at 6000 K or so, and it passes through out layers of the sun, which are at million degree temperatures.

A gold metal layer beaten out to a 100 Angstrom thick film, is also not going to radiate like a solid; it is going to start looking decidedly more gas like, because of its extremely low thermal mass, so that a small radiation can result in a large Temperature drop (unless replenished from some continuous energy source).

It can and does suck energy out of one part of a system (the ocean skin layer) and place it in another part of the system (water vapour in the air).

When DLR is applied the increase in energy loss from SST (int) speeds up the flow and offsets the increase in energy gain in SST (skin) which slows down the flow for a zero net effect on the rate of flow from the mixed layer to the subskin and thence out to space.

However DLR never gets past the skin layer so although it adds to the skin temperature it also adds to the rate of evaporation and as evaporation has a net cooling effect (the enthalpy of vapourisation is GREATER than the energy required to provoke evaporation) more (formerly) DLR energy is pulled out of the local environment than is required to provoke that EXTRA evaporation.

The issue as I see it is whether the evaporative cooling in the interacting layer is strong enough to negate the effect of the warming in the skin so as to cancel out any effect on the upward background energy flow from the subskin.

Thus there is a temperature inversion caused in part by evaporation whereby energy is drawn out of the oceans faster than energy coming up from below plus solar shortwave entering into the cooler subskin layer.

«collisional energy transfer is unlikely to carry the energy from absorbed DLR out of the skin layer»

It does however reduce the amount of energy flowing out of the mixed layer.

The reason it exists is that upward evaporation and radiation from the surface pulls energy out of that 1 mm layer faster than conduction and convection can bring energy up from below.

But DeWitt has a good point that immediate re-radiation is very unlikely, but likewise collisional energy transfer is unlikely to carry the energy from absorbed DLR out of the skin layer, so it is still available to make up the «Stefan - Boltzmann» requirement.

I thought the idea was that an increase in the atmospheric radiative forcing from above would warm the skin layer a bit, reducing the temp gradient to the water layer below, thus impeding the transport of absorbed solar energy up and back out of the ocean, and thus making it pile up to increase OHC.

The trick is in nanotechnology, creating nanomaterials out of semiconductor materials to layer over blue LED lights (the most energy efficient LED color), forming better quality white LED light with a range of hues.

What I am pointing out is that it is * possible * for the mixed layer not to gain energy at a higher rate, or in advance of, the deeper layers.

In fact, even if the surface is colder than the boundary layer, latent heat transport can take energy out of the surface, provided the boundary layer is sufficiently dry.