(on Earth, the mass of the mesosphere and thermosphere are so small that the effect of
the entire upper atmosphere above the tropopause on fluxes at TOA and at the tropopause and below can generally be well - approximated by the effect of the stratosphere.
It will orbit the planet in an elliptical orbit that allows it to pass through and sample
the entire upper atmosphere on every orbit.
«During the deep - dip campaigns, we lower the lowest altitude in the orbit, known as periapsis, to about 125 km, which allows us to take measurements throughout
the entire upper atmosphere.»
Not exact matches
MAVEN is studying the
entire region from the top of the
upper atmosphere all the way down to the lower
atmosphere so that the connections between these regions can be understood.
Add in that if it's the sun, the
entire atmosphere will warm, since there's just simply more energy put in to the system, whereas if it is CO2 or other blanketing method, there's no extra energy put in, therefore the ground will warm and the
upper air cool (since the
upper air isn't getting the warming from the lower layers it used to get and the lower layers aren't losing the heat they used to).
On millennial scales, the oceans take up heat, lots of it;
upper 2.5 m has the heat content of the
entire atmosphere (from a Wikipedia page with a title I don't recall just now).
In its
upper 3 m the ocean contains the equivalent heat capacity of the
entire atmosphere of the planet (Peixoto and Oort, 1992).
Further, the
upper 700 meters of the ocean for 50 times as much mass as the
entire atmosphere.
The evidence from the OHC is pretty good confirmation that it was positive, but even there, unless we know what the
entire ocean is doing and not just the
upper part, the surface could theoretically be gaining heat from the ocean while losing heat to the
atmosphere.
The
upper 3 meters of the world's oceans hold more heat than the
entire atmosphere, so continual ventilation of just 10 meters of warmer subsurface water will affect the global average for decades.
The same amount of energy that would warm the
entire atmosphere up to the tropopause by 1 °C would raise the
upper ocean (0 - 700m) temperature by 0.0045 °C and the
entire ocean by 0.0007 °C.
Note also a suggestion that the «North Atlantic Oscillation» was driven by changes in
upper atmosphere wind patterns around the
entire hemisphere, Wallace and Thompson (2002).