«However, there is emerging evidence that
epigenomic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, which affect the ways in which genes are transcribed and translated into proteins, are important features of these processes,» he continues.
«This is exactly the technology you could use to look for
epigenomic changes in specific cell types,» says Martienssen, who is also on the International Human Epigenome Consortium's steering committee.
Not exact matches
Genetic data combined with information on gene expression and
epigenomics in relevant tissues, and clinical information, can provide clues about the effects of genetic
changes within an individual's genome that increase or decrease one's risk of developing type 2 diabetes and its complications, including heart and kidney disease.
Once finished, however, an
epigenomic map could also prove useful in determining which individuals are at risk for certain diseases and encouraging the kind of lifestyle
changes that can prevent the wrong genes from switching on or off.
From genomic and
epigenomic sequences from a subset of the populations, we see
changes in methylation patterns between the evolved populations over-represented in some functional categories of genes, which is consistent with some of these differences being adaptive.
These comprehensive
epigenomic profiles enable us to understand the cause, function, and consequence of cancer - specific epigenetic
changes.
This fascinating field of
epigenomics examines how genes are modified without
changing the DNA sequence — that is, how a gene for obesity, for instance, is modified by eating nonstarchy vegetables versus cupcakes.