Using a crystal structure of a complex protein compound of botulinum neurotoxin, Rongsheng Jin, associate professor of physiology & biophysics at UC Irvine, and collaborators found that these compounds — called clostridial hemagglutinin (HA)-- bind with
epithelial cell proteins in the intestines of patients, which initiates a process that disrupts the close intercellular seals
so that the complex toxin molecules can slip through the
epithelial barrier.