• surface upwelling (of cold / cool water) at / off western continental margins, driven by Coriolis effect on
equatorward currents;
Where the poleward &
equatorward currents of this intensified circulation converge — the centre of the gyres — surface water is pumped downwards into the ocean interior in a process known as Ekman pumping.
Not exact matches
[Response: The classical (i.e. Stommel) theory of the subtropical gyre requires that the interior
equatorward (Sverdrup) transport that takes place everywhere but a narrow strip along the western edge of the basin, precisely balance the poleward transport that takes place in a narrow boundary
current along the western edge of the basin.
Equatorwards western boundary
currents occur in tropical and polar locations, e.g. the East Greenland and Labrador
currents, in the Atlantic and the Oyashio.
Additionally, the Atlantic Ocean is the only basin in which there is an
equatorward warm surface
current (part of the Meridional Overturning Circulation) and this ultimately carries heat to the North Atlantic - where it sinks.
The arid conditions found along the western coasts of continents in subtropical latitudes are further enhanced by the influence of the
equatorward surface air flow on the ocean
currents.
And western intensification of warm - water
currents produces entirely different precipitation levels compared to opposite coasts washed by
equatorward - bound cool
currents.
The
current cooling phase has been accompanied by an increase in size of the poleward high pressure systems and a sinking
equatorward of the jet streams in both hemispheres.
In the northern hemisphere due to the
current land / sea distribution the more
equatorward the cloud moves the more ocean surface it will cover thus reducing total solar input to the oceans and reducing the rate of accretion to ocean energy content