Where the heat is actually stored is another matter... the Southern Ocean, for instance, appear to be taking up far more heat than is being stored there due to
equatorward transport.
Thus, the subtropical gyre circulation is a horizontal circulation with poleward mass transport along the western boundary, and
equatorward transport everywhere east of that, and providing no net northward mass transport integrated across the basin (which is what Bryden et al have done).
Where the heat is actually stored is another matter... the Southern Ocean, for instance, appear to be taking up far more heat than is being stored there due to
equatorward transport.
Not exact matches
[Response: The classical (i.e. Stommel) theory of the subtropical gyre requires that the interior
equatorward (Sverdrup)
transport that takes place everywhere but a narrow strip along the western edge of the basin, precisely balance the poleward
transport that takes place in a narrow boundary current along the western edge of the basin.
With the source regions warming, the polar and artic air masses would modify (warm), and the mechanism that
transports them
equatorward (the polar jet) would weaken.
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)- the
transport of warm tropical surface water northward - is indeed propelled by dense water sinking in the North Atlantic and travelling
equatorward in the deeper layers, but it also has a wind - driven component to it.
For example,
equatorward - moving weather systems — known as «transient eddies» — fulfill much of the poleward energy export required to balance the net energy input, with the energy
transport associated with vertical motion times gross moist stability less important than in the ITCZ.
However, stronger westerlies to the north of the Ross Sea ice edge in both seasons could contribute to
equatorward Ekman
transport (Hall and Visbeck 2002).
Stronger downward
transport of water mass must be balanced by upwelling somewhere else, and this occurs in regions of divergence (Ekman suction)- along the
equatorward travelling arms of the gyres, and along the equator itself.