Sentences with phrase «equilibrate with»

This paper discusses whether and how a baroclinic atmosphere can equilibrate with very small bottom friction in a dry, primitive equation, general circulation model.

We know they equilibrate with the seasons every year.

Hence, air in the lock - in zone can not equilibrate with the overlying diffusive column.

That is exactly the same 290 μatm which one would measure for a static system like a flask in a laboratory at the same temperature given sufficient time to equilibrate with the air above the liquid.

To summarize the point, it takes a while for the ice to equilibrate with the current warming of the atmosphere.

However, most of the methane produced from dissociating marine hydrates will be consumed by anaerobic processes in the top few metres of sulphate - rich near - sea - floor sediments and all of the rest will be dissolved and oxidized in sea water and will not be released to the atmosphere as methane, although the dissolved CO2 will equilibrate with atmosphere after a few centuries.

If the particle stays long enough in a small volume to interact with other particles in this small volume, for example by collisions, then the particle will equilibrate with others.

If it doesn't stay long enough then it can't equilibrate with others and there is no LTE.

I understand that bottom ocean does not equilibrate with 5000C of Earth crust because of slow mixing with colder water coming from arctic, as explained by michael sweet@11, thanks!.

The buoys are not moored, and they also need to equilibrate with the temperature of the water around them.

Any matter present may equilibrate with that.

The fate of the dissolved CO2 oxidation product of methane would be for some of it eventually to equilibrate with the atmosphere.

[OOOPS; this nonlinear effect puts their «alternative concept» into the realm of Trump administration «alternative facts» — BD] Although the deep ocean could dissolve 70 to 80 % of the expected anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions and the sediments could neutralize another 15 % it takes some 400 years for the deep ocean to exchange with the surface and thousands more for changes in sedimentary calcium carbonate to equilibrate with the atmosphere.

This so - called constant - composition commitment results as temperatures gradually equilibrate with the current atmospheric radiation imbalance, and has been estimated at between 0.3 °C and 0.9 °C warming over the next century.»

Alastair, the atmosphere equilibrates with the upper ocean whose CO2 / HCO3 - / CO32 - content is about the same size.

«Third, the «forcing» can not be possibly ever observed in laboratory conditions because the definition of forcing contains three physically unrealizable conditions: (a) CO2 mixes up, but temperature profile stays the same, (b) stratospheric cooling equilibrates with tropopause conditions before troposphere does, and (c) troposphere - surface interface is kept frozen.

Alastair, the atmosphere equilibrates with the upper ocean whose CO2 / HCO3 - / CO32 - content is about the same size.

The phrase «stratospheric cooling equilibrates with tropopause conditions before troposphere does» is also meaningless.

The CO2 concentration of the atmosphere is going up continuously, and so it invades the ocean as it equilibrates with warm surface waters.

However, the mixed layer being accessible to turbulent wave mixing with the atmosphere, is essentially in contact with the atmosphere, and over fairly short times equilibrates with it and other parts of the biosphere.

Because the chemistry of the ocean equilibrates with that of the atmosphere (on time scales of decades to centuries), methane oxidized to CO2 in the water column will eventually increase the atmospheric CO2 burden (Archer and Buffett, 2005).

During closure of the firn, ice CO2 equilibrates with atmospheric CO2, and the record smears out.

Due to the ocean's buffering capacity and the biological pump, as seen in the graph below, the upper ocean can experience upwelling that drives CO2 levels to 3 times higher than what would be expected from equilibrating with the atmosphere.

It's possible that the ocean would have equilibrated with atmospheric CO2, reducing the effect.

Not exact matches

It is the foundation of what we call «normal,» because the «norms» are the conditions which constitute the lived - body's equilibrated balance with its milieu.

That only after the atmosphere has «equilibrated» with THAT ocean, will the atmospheric temperature have peaked?

The atmospheric greenhouse effect, an idea that authors trace back to the traditional works of Fourier 1824, Tyndall 1861, and Arrhenius 1896, and which is still supported in global climatology, essentially describes a fictitious mechanism, in which a planetary atmosphere acts as a heat pump driven by an environment that is radiatively interacting with but radiatively equilibrated to the atmospheric system.

A GCM with relatively low transient response but relatively high equilibrium sensitivity probably has large thermal inertia, therefore will take longer to equilibrate, and vice versa.

How does cooling in the stratosphere «equilibrate» with conditions at the tropopause?

After all, if average surface temperature is 15 C, wouldn't you expect land and ocean below the surface to equilibrate at roughly that temperature (with a slightly rising gradient to account for the flow of Earth's internal heat)?

The atmospheric greenhouse effect, an idea that authors trace back to the traditional works of Fourier 1824, Tyndall 1861, and Arrhenius 1896, and which is still supported in global climatology, essentially describes a fictitious mechanism, in which a planetary atmosphere acts as a heat pump driven by an environment that is radiatively interacting with but radiatively equilibrated to the atmospheric system.

Eventually the system equilibrates, but with a slower rate of circulation of Cub fans through the El and to their homes.

You will remember James Lovelock writing, that by consideration of the planetary atmospheres of Mars and Venus with thermodynamically equilibrated products, they are dead planets, at least they are so now.

Their reconstructed CO2 concentrations for the past five million years was used to estimate Earth - system climate sensitivity for a fully equilibrated state of the planet, and found that a relatively small rise in CO2 levels was associated with substantial global warming 4.5 million years ago.

The reasons are also based on the physics, which require that initial equilibration involves the rapidly equilibrating sinks in the ocean mixed layer and some terrestrial sources, while the overall decay rate that involves slower equilibration with larger sinks is much slower.

In the literature, the OSBL has even more names, but it is nominally 100 m thick, varying with wind speed (making it turbulent, mixed, and of course not equilibrated) and latitude.

This makes sense because it takes time to equilibrate an excess of CO2 in the atmosphere with the ocean, and the shallow ocean responds faster than intermediate or deep water, so the ratio of the land to marine signals is therefore proportional to the carbon emissions rate.

Once the ocean has equilibrated to an impulse of CO2 with a half - life of ~ 5 years, both the ocean and the atmosphere have a higher level of carbon than they did before.

And p. 347 B&A correctly conclude for top post equilibrated Fig. 1: «As we saw in section 4.4, the natural state of affairs is for the temperature of an isolated layer of air in a gravitational field to decrease with (increasing) height»

The only way, ONLY way, to take a dollop of heat into the bottom of a wire in equilibrated Fig. 1 above is to bring a hotter (higher T dollop of thermal energy) body than the bottom of the wire across the control volume of Fig. 1 and put it in thermal contact with the bottom of an insulated wire and the gas.

So it can not «equilibrate» with anything.

An adiabatically isolated gas initially prepared in a state with an adiabatic lapse rate will thermally equilibrate due to the internal conduction of heat within the gas by all mechanisms and relax to precisely this state.

Body A placed in contact with body B will always eventually equilibrate temperature.

Why isn't a TCR type of simulation, but instead using actual history and 200 year projected GHG levels in the atmosphere, that would produce results similar to a TCR simulation (at least for the AGW temp increase that would occur when the CO2 level is doubled) and would result in much less uncertainty than ECS (as assessed by climate model dispersions), a more appropriate metric for a 300 year forecast, since it takes the climate more than 1000 years to equilibrate to the hypothesized ECS value, and we have only uncertain methods to check the computed ECS value with actual physical data?

Dissolved CO2 and CH4 concentrations in surface waters were obtained by equilibrating 2 L of water with 20 mL of ambient air for 3 minutes.

Most attention in the debate over climate change has been based on the assumption of a gradual increase in mean global temperatures, equilibrating to a new higher level some decades after concentrations of greenhouse gases have stabilized, with effects that will then play out for centuries.

With an equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS); fully equilibrating ocean temperatures requires thousands of years!

«The atmospheric greenhouse effect, an idea that many authors trace back to the traditional works of Fourier 1824, Tyndall 1861, and Arrhenius 1896, and which is still supported in global climatology, essentially describes a fictitious mechanism, in which a planetary atmosphere acts as a heat pump driven by an environment that is radiatively interacting with but radiatively equilibrated to the atmospheric system.

That only after the atmosphere has «equilibrated» with THAT ocean, will the atmospheric temperature have peaked?

On the other hand, if we imagine a case where the planet actually equilibrates at some warmer temperature, then there would be an energy difference proportional to the difference in global temperature — and that difference would be quasi-permanent, in line with the notion that energy was «trapped» in the system.