Sentences with phrase «equivalent effect on»

Not exact matches

In the opinion of the Company's management, adjusted book value per share is useful in an analysis of a property casualty company's book value per share as it removes the effect of changing prices on invested assets (i.e., net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of tax), which do not have an equivalent impact on unpaid claims and claim adjustment expense reserves.

on a pro forma basis, giving effect to (i) the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock other than Series FP preferred stock into shares of Class B common stock and the conversion of Series FP preferred stock into shares of Class C common stock in connection with our initial public offering, (ii) stock - based compensation expense of approximately $ 1.1 billion associated with outstanding RSUs subject to a performance condition for which the service - based vesting condition was satisfied as of December 31, 2016 and which we will recognize on the effectiveness of our registration statement in connection with a qualifying initial public offering, as further described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, (iii) the increase in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and an equivalent decrease in additional paid - in capital of $ 187.2 million in connection with the withholding tax obligations, based on $ 16.33 per share, which is the fair value of our common stock as of December 31, 2016, as we intend to issue shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock on a net basis to satisfy the associated withholding tax obligations, (iv) the net issuance of 7.6 million shares of Class A common stock and 5.5 million shares of Class B common stock that will vest and be issued from the settlement of such RSUs, (v) the issuance of the CEO award, as described below, and (vi) the filing and effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation which will be in effect on the completion of this offering.

The pro forma consolidated balance sheet data gives effect to (i) the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock other than Series FP preferred stock into shares of Class B common stock and the conversion of Series FP preferred stock into shares of Class C common stock in connection with our initial public offering, (ii) stock - based compensation expense of approximately $ 1.1 billion associated with outstanding RSUs subject to a performance condition for which the service - based vesting condition was satisfied as of December 31, 2016 and which we will recognize on the effectiveness of our registration statement in connection with this offering, as further described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, (iii) the increase in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and an equivalent decrease in additional paid - in capital of $ 187.2 million in connection with the withholding tax obligations, based on $ 16.33 per share, which is the fair value of our common stock as of December 31, 2016, as we intend to issue shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock on a net basis to satisfy the associated withholding tax obligations, (iv) the net issuance of 7.6 million shares of Class A common stock and 5.5 million shares of Class B common stock that will vest and be issued from the settlement of such RSUs, (v) the issuance of the CEO award, as described below, and (vi) the filing and effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation which will be in effect on the completion of this offering.

At the Shadow Open Market Committee fall meeting on Sept. 15, economist Peter Ireland of Boston College argued that the effect of reducing the balance sheet is ultimately equivalent to an open - market sale of bonds by the Fed of the kind it would undertake in order to push up the fed funds interest rate.

Taxable Equivalent Yield: The Taxable Equivalent Yield assumes the maximum regular federal income tax rate and the Medicare tax in effect on January 2018.

In terms of own price elasticity values, a recent meta - analysis estimated an average own price effect for carbonated sugar sweetened drinks (a near equivalent of the category non-concentrated sugar sweetened drinks, which predominantly includes carbonated drinks) of − 0.93, larger than our value of − 0.81.51 Our estimated value is also at the lower end of the range of own price elasticities frequently cited for sugar sweetened drinks of − 0.8 to − 1.0, based on one large review.52 Our own price estimate is comparable to experimental data (a 25 % reduction for a 35 % price rise) in a canteen study.53 However, all these estimates may be influenced by US studies in which higher estimates may reflect higher levels of consumption.

The first, Mark Bittman's Food Matters: A Guide to Conscious Eating, focuses on the effect industrial meat production has on the environment («In terms of energy consumption, serving a typical family - of - four steak dinner is the rough equivalent of driving around in an SUV for three hours while leaving all the lights on at home»).

One of the top drug and toxicologist Doctors in the U.S. stated that the amount detected in Allonzo's urine is the equivalent of six grains of salt in 10 Olympic Sized swimming pools, and had zero effect on his performance.»

For example, the very small increases in the minimum wage that took effect in eight states on January 1, 2012 as a result of those states» indexing laws will generate an additional $ 366 million in GDP and create the equivalent of more than 3,000 full - time jobs, according to an analysis by the Economic Policy Institute.

These reforms have had a significant effect on the 2014 GCSE and equivalent results and school league tables.

However, it is important to point out that on a careful analysis of the European Scrutiny Committee report, the line taken should be that the Reform Treaty «produces an effect which is substantially equivalent to the Constitutional Treaty.»

«It would take another two years of training to get the equivalent of my first degree in Syria,» says Chalati, who is working on ways to use nanotechnology to deliver drugs into the human body more efficiently and with fewer side effects.

Michael Oshinsky at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and colleagues tested the effect of low doses of ethanol — about the equivalent of a single drink — on rats prone to migraines.

Its impact on climate, the authors say, will be equivalent to the effect of the annual greenhouse gas emissions from over half a million cars.

A new study has found that turbulent mixing in the deep waters of the Southern Ocean, which has a profound effect on global ocean circulation and climate, varies with the strength of surface eddies — the ocean equivalent of storms in the atmosphere — and possibly also wind speeds.

An international consortium of scientists that was recently assembled to review the science on BPA for the German UmweltBundesAmt (that country's equivalent of the Environmental Protection Agency) determined that the research FDA used in its safety assessment was flawed because it failed to consider the chemical's effects on behavior and prostate development, according to a copy of the group's conclusions provided to ScientificAmerican.com.

It has a somnolent effect on fruit flies, whose sleep is most likely equivalent to our slow - wave (non-REM) sleep, says neuroscientist Amita Sehgal of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia.

Dr Li said the latest research findings give a better understanding of changes in human - perceived equivalent temperature, and indicate global warming has stronger long - term impacts on human beings under both extreme and non-extreme weather conditions, suggesting that climate change adaptation can not just focus on heat wave events, but should be extended to the whole range of effects of temperature increases.

In some studies reporting a positive effect on learning, drugs were injected at doses equivalent to injecting a human with about 8 grams of the drug.

Until a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded on April 26, 1986, spreading the equivalent of 400 Hiroshima bombs of fallout across the entire Northern Hemisphere, scientists knew next to nothing about the effects of radiation on vegetation and wild animals.

CO 2 equivalents: The GWP value (Global Warming Potential) of a gas is defined as the cumulative impact on the greenhouse effect of 1 tonne of the gas compared with that of 1 tonne of CO 2 over a specified period of time.

The latter is not equivalent to climate change not playing a role, because such results are obtained when the effect from a warmer atmosphere is in the opposite direction to the effect on the atmospheric circulation.

They examined the effect of providing clear and visible caloric information about sugar - sweetened beverages such as soda and fruit juice on the number of sugar - sweetened beverage purchases at neighborhood stores, and found that providing easily understandable caloric information, specifically in the form of a physical activity equivalent, may reduce the likelihood of sugar - sweetened beverage purchases among adolescents by as much as half.

canSAR contains information on the entire human proteome — the protein equivalent of the human genome - as well as linking to information on more than 1,000 cancer cells lines, used by researchers to study the effect of new drugs in the lab.

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

To identify the effect of pregnancy on premalignant lesions, we compared mammary glands of RCAS - caErbb2 - infected mice at 1.5, 5.5, and 8.5 weeks post infection, which are equivalent to pregnancy day 7.5 (P7.5), lactation day 12 (L12), and involution day 10 (I10) in the parous group (Figure 1C).

They say: Eating one egg is the equivalent of smoking five cigarettes in its effect on your life expectancy.

In a study analyzing the effect of caffeine on sport - specific endurance performances, researchers found that caffeine increased race times by an average of 3 % which is equivalent to 2 minutes an hour.

Although the animals used in this study had the equivalent of Type 1 diabetes in humans, the researchers are confident that buckwheat will exert similar glucose - lowering effects when given to animals with Type 2 diabetes, which is the next study on their agenda.

We studied 16 adults in a 14 - to 15 - d - long inpatient study and quantified effects of 5 d of insufficient sleep, equivalent to a work week, on energy expenditure and energy intake compared with adequate sleep.

«Given that the effect of social connections on risk for heart disease and stroke and death is equivalent and, in many cases, exceeds that of other factors such as light smoking, obesity, high blood pressure and air quality, we need to start taking social connection seriously for our health,» she said.

There are some amusing bits, like Wu blowing out «It's the Hard Knock Life» on his flute or an action sequence scored to Jim Croce, but the film's cumulative effect is utter exhaustion, the cinematic equivalent of chasing a toddler through a toy store.

Examining longer - term effects, however, the study's authors found that double - dosed students» scores on the math portion of the ACT (taken in the spring of 11th grade) were 0.15 standard deviations higher, the equivalent of closing roughly 15 % of the black - white achievement gap.

As per the American Statistical Association's (ASA) recently released «Statement on P - Values,» statistical significance «is not equivalent to scientific, human, or economic significance... Any effect, no matter how tiny, can produce a small p - value [i.e., «statistical significance»] if the sample size or measurement precision is high enough» (p. 10); hence, one must always check for practical significance when making claims about statistical significance, like Kane et al. actually do here, but do here in a similar inflated vein.

An improvement of two standard deviations on TIMSS over a year would, in effect, represent an additional six years of learning per year, equivalent to multiplying the speed of learning by seven.

Schools that ban mobile phones see better academic results Effect of ban on phones adds up to equivalent of extra week of classes over a pupil's school year

«Our evidence shows missing the equivalent of just one week a year from school can mean a child is a quarter less likely to achieve good GCSE grades, having a lasting effect on their life chances,» a spokesman said.

Simply Better: What Matters Most to Change the Odds for Student Success offers not a new «fad diet» for education, but rather the education reform equivalent of a «healthy lifestyle» — those things that decades of research says are most likely to have a big effect on student achievement.

The effect size of 0.62 that Higgins and his colleagues found for achievement in school subjects is equivalent to moving an «average» class of students from the 50th percentile to the 73rd percentile on a standardized measure, such as a reading or math test.

Our preferred models suggest that the combined average effects on test scores of investments in both programs at 2009 funding levels are equivalent to two to four months of instruction in grade 3.

Induction programs have also been found to accelerate teachers» ability to drive student learning gains: In one study, new teachers who participated in high - quality mentoring and induction programs were able to lead their students to academic gains equivalent to those of fourth - year teachers who did not receive such support as beginning teachers.63 Similarly, a study of the California Formative Assessment and Support System for Teachers, a statewide induction program, found that the induction program had a positive effect on both instructional practice and student learning, with students attaining a half - year's additional growth when they were taught by teachers who were highly engaged in the program.64

This conversion uses the effect size — in the case of the D.C. voucher program, -0.12 standard deviations — to find the equivalent percentile drop from the 50th percentile on a normal curve.56

This 0.12 score drop is the equivalent of an average student in the 50th percentile dropping to the 45th percentile after participating in the D.C. voucher program for one year.36 According to the IES study, participating in the D.C. voucher program had no statistically significant effect on reading achievement.37

What is the effect on book value from new shares and their equivalents?

We could go on with other intellectual weaknesses of the CPI — substitution effects, owners equivalent rent and hedonics, none of which are theoretically wrong, but which are applied wrongly, and lead to an underestimate of inflation.

Texture quality, effects and shadow draw are much improved on PC too, even on medium settings, where the pop - in on shadows for the console versions suggests that they're running at an equivalent to the low preset.

Thankfully, there's an excellent tutorial (voiced by Grandmaster Flash) that sets you up with the game's five core mechanics: button taps, crossfades, effects, scratching and Euphoria - this incarnation's Star Power equivalent, and soon you're on your merry way, treading the remix road to stardom via 24 sets of 3 - 5 songs each, earning points and elusive stars for your troubles.

In this estimate, only 4.2 mm per month of liquid water equivalent are due to the mass added by enhanced precipitation; the vast majority of the effect (72 mm per month of decreased ablation) is due to the effect of precipitation on reflectivity.

Since, on average, aerosols have a cooling effect (although some absorbing aerosols like black carbon (soot) are actually adding to global warming), reducing current aerosol levels (particularly sulphates) is equivalent to an extra warming effect.

The equivalent of the null hypothesis is that increasing CO2 has no effect on climate.