In his preface to Paul Frederick Bach's 2010 study for the REF, Professor Michael Laughton said, «The outstanding major concern in the work reported here, and one with very serious implications -
especially for the United Kingdom with its predominantly island system with inadequate international interconnection capacity - is the extent to which
subsidized wind power can, in practice, be used within the system without needing to be constrained off: in other words wasted, or exported
at whatever market
prices, perhaps disadvantageous ones, prevail elsewhere.»