Sentences with phrase «estimate death risk»

University of Tokyo researchers have developed a real - time statistical method to estimate death risk (i.e., the probability of death given infection) and identify risk factors of death during an infectious disease outbreak.

In order to put in place appropriate public health interventions in an ongoing disease outbreak, it is vital to estimate death risk accurately in real time and identify risk factors such as age, gender, occupation and health conditions.

Not exact matches

Those drugs in combination reduce patients «risk of death or their cancer progressing by 42 percent versus chemotherapy, still beating Wall Street «s estimates.

The best estimate that we can make based on CDC data is a neonatal death rate of 0.4 / 1000 in low risk, white women at term.

The increase in risk remained high even when overlying deaths were discounted (32 times higher) or the estimate of rates of bedsharing among living infants doubled (20 times higher).

Aside from sleep position, smoke exposure is the largest contributing risk factor for SIDS.149 It is estimated that one - third of SIDS deaths could be prevented if all maternal smoking during pregnancy were eliminated.214, 215 The AAP supports the elimination of all tobacco smoke exposure, both prenatally and environmentally.216, 217

Estimates of the extra annual risk of death vary.

This makes it difficult to estimate how BMI actually influences risk of death (the causal effect), as opposed to the observed association between BMI and risk of death.

Further follow - up of the participants will provide more accurate risk estimates of mortality from specific causes of death after nutritional disturbances during gestation and very early life.

Existing estimates have been hampered by gaps in air pollution data, particularly in the developing world, and a lack of knowledge about how specific air pollution sources contribute to the risk of disease and death.

For instance, estimates of «willingness to pay» to avoid risks of death assumed that incomes in poor countries will remain low.

Increasing the proportion of people linked to care engagement protocols within three months of a new HIV diagnosis to 90 percent, coupled with targeted yearly screening of high - risk individuals, would avert an estimated 292,000 HIV infections and 107,000 AIDS - related deaths, at an incremental cost of $ 52.9 billion, or $ 65,700 per QALY gained.

The estimated overall death risk was approximately 20 % and was unaffected by gender.

While there have been attempts to estimate real - time death risks during epidemics, such statistical models require data from large numbers of patients in the order of thousands and therefore could not be applied to the 2015 MERS epidemic in the Republic of Korea with small patient numbers.

Influenza remains a major health problem in the United States, resulting each year in an estimated 36,000 deaths and 200,000 hospitalizations.4 Those who have been shown to be at high risk for the complications of influenza infection are children 6 to 23 months of age; healthy persons 65 years of age or older; adults and children with chronic diseases, including asthma, heart and lung disease, and diabetes; residents of nursing homes and other long - term care facilities; and pregnant women.4 It is for this reason that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended that these groups, together with health care workers and others with direct patient - care responsibilities, should be given priority for influenza vaccination this season in the face of the current shortage.1 Other high - priority groups include children and teenagers 6 months to 18 years of age whose underlying medical condition requires the daily use of aspirin and household members and out - of - home caregivers of infants less than 6 months old.1 Hence, in the case of vaccine shortages resulting either from the unanticipated loss of expected supplies or from the emergence of greater - than - expected global influenza activity — such as pandemic influenza, which would prompt a greater demand for vaccination5 — the capability of extending existing vaccine supplies by using alternative routes of vaccination that would require smaller doses could have important public health implications.

Liver donation carries approximately a 5 percent risk of surgical complications and an estimated one - half to 1 percent risk of death.

One possible explanation for any improvements seen in the survival of patients who stop smoking might be a reduction in mortality from cardiorespiratory causes, as the risk of death from these diseases reduces after cessation.9 18 Consequently, we estimated the expected contribution of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases by using life tables as above to find the number of cardiorespiratory deaths prevented by smoking cessation in the general population.

We applied the average risk of death for continued smoking estimated from studies included in this review that reported survival curves to estimate the number of patients surviving after five years.16 17 We estimated five year survival in quitters at diagnosis by applying the death rate of continuing smokers multiplied by the reciprocal of the multivariate hazard ratio for all cause mortality presented in this review.

Although unadjusted estimates suggest that the associated increase in risk of continuing (or the benefit of cessation) is modest at around 20 %, the adjusted estimates suggest a more than doubling of the risk of death from continued smoking.

Assuming that the findings of the review reflected a causal relation between smoking cessation and risk of all cause mortality, we further investigated the data by constructing life tables for a hypothetical group of 100 patients aged 65 years with early stage lung cancer to estimate how many deaths would be prevented by smoking cessation within the non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer populations during five years.

We estimated the risk of death due to cardiorespiratory causes in the general population of 65 - 69 year olds from data from the Office for National Statistics.19 We assumed that this death rate was approximately that of the non-smoking population, because around 12 % of this age group smoke.20 We multiplied this rate by the relative risk of death from cardiorespiratory causes in lifelong smokers to estimate the number of deaths that would be expected over five years from cardiorespiratory causes in the general population of 65 year olds who smoke.

Currently, the BODE index is used by chest physicians to estimate a patient's risk of death from COPD.

If the risk of death related to weekend births was the same as for babies born on weekdays, there would be 770 fewer newborn deaths across England every year, the study authors estimated.

«However, it is equally clear that sudden, unexplained death is a rare event, this is only the first such study, it relies on small numbers, and it is not possible to quantify the risk beyond estimating that it is very small.»

The researchers also included accurate estimates of the increased risk of death of overweight and obese individuals in comparison to individuals with a BMI of 20.0 to 24.9.

In addition, risk estimates for death from cancer were adjusted for history of cancer (other than nonmelanoma skin cancer) in a first - degree relative (yes vs. no).

But, diabetes studies estimate that even this 1 % reduction of that marker can lower the risk of diabetes - related death by a whopping 21 %.

After analyzing the relative timing of each heart attack and bereavement, the researchers estimated that the risk of having an attack is 21 times higher in the 24 hours following a death than it is one to six months later.

Studies estimate that a 1 % reduction in this marker can lower the risk of diabetes - related death by 21 % (34).

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with the death rate estimated at 17.5 million in 2004 (29 % of all deaths).1 The metabolic syndrome describes a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes, 2 and the syndrome is becoming increasingly prevalent owing to rising rates of obesity and diabetes and an aging population.

The federal government estimates that adult safety belts reduce the risk of death in a crash among 1 - 4 year - olds by 36 percent.

Reducing ship exhaust will eliminate an estimated 3,600 premature deaths between 2009 and 2015 and lower the cancer risk by over 80 percent.

You'll see these types of questions on the life insurance application to better assess your risk of death, making sure we give you the most accurate estimate possible.

Because insurance companies must guarantee death benefits and a minimum schedule of cash values in most policies (except variable life policies), they must be conservative when estimating the values of the various premium pricing factors (interest, mortality, expenses, lapse rates, and risk loading factors) used to compute the required premiums under any particular premium payment plan of insurance.

Physical inactivity is a grossly under - rated risk factor of heart disease that is estimated to cause 14,000 deaths a year.»