Not exact matches
The EPA has long been involved in pollution reduction and
air quality improvement by testing and creating alternatives to engine idling
of the 15.5 million trucks
estimated to be operating in the U.S.
The approval follows a 12 - month environmental assessment
of the project that looked at the adequacy
of emissions
estimates and
air quality modelling, cumulative
air emissions, potential health impacts and worker health issues.
The investigators
estimated coarse PM (PM 10 - 2.5) in each zip code using measurements
of particulate matter collected in the EPA's
Air Quality System database from Jan. 1, 2009, through Dec. 31, 2010.
But while wildfires are
estimated to contribute about 18 percent
of the total PM2.5 emissions in the U.S., many questions remain on how these emissions will affect human populations, including how overall
air quality will be affected, how these levels will change under climate change, and which regions are to most likely to be impacted.
It is
estimated that the country is losing some 8 percent
of its wealth each year to pollution, with the toll including everything from crops destroyed by acid rain to spiraling health costs due to poor
air and water
quality.
The World Health Organization (WHO)
estimates that 92 %
of the world's population live in areas with inadequate outdoor
air quality, and this pollution contributes to 1 out
of every 8 deaths.
Supporters
of such a plan
estimate (PDF) that each $ 1 billion in school - construction work would generate up to 10,000 jobs while helping to replace or refurbish aging school facilities and protect students and school staff from poor
air quality, mold, energy inefficiencies, and more.
These are conservatives
estimates for the health benefits, because they only calculate reduced mortality due to increased physical activity, and do not the health benefits
of improved
air quality.
The purpose
of the SUPR 2 calculator is to provide policymakers and stakeholders with a rough
estimate of some
of the costs and benefits
of different policies and technologies that could help a state meet its
air quality goals.
COBRA uses a reduced form
air quality model, the Source - Receptor (S — R) Matrix, to
estimate the effects
of emission changes on ambient PM.
Secondly, BenMAp «
estimates the number and economic value
of heath impacts resulting from changes in
air quality — specifically, ground - level ozone and fine particles but note that the COBRA impacts are solely based on particulate matter.
Abt Associates used a three - step analytic process to
estimate the impacts on
air quality and public health resulting from implementation
of the RGGI program from 2009 to 2014.
In each
of these steps they used specific modeling tools and datasets to
estimate the incremental impacts
of RGGI on the following variables: generation (in megawatt - hours (MWh)-RRB- by power plants,
air pollution emissions,
air quality, and public health.
Nearly one half
of all Americans — an
estimated 150 million — live in areas that don't meet federal
air quality standards.
The plan
estimates that «every fully vegetated acre
of green infrastructure would provide total annual benefits
of $ 8.5 in reduced energy demand, $ 166 in reduced CO2 emissions, $ 1,044 in improved
air quality, and $ 4,725 in increased property value.»
In China, it is
estimated that fewer deaths from improved
air quality could lead to savings
of nearly $ 340 billion dollars by 2030 - four times the cost
of meeting China's climate goals.
«As part
of the CAMS service, we
estimate to which extent wildfire emissions influence the
air quality by incorporating the Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) data into our
air quality forecasts,» says Parrington.
It supports EPA efforts and activities to monitor
air quality levels,
estimate population exposure to
air pollutants, examine the effects
of air pollution on public health, track progress in improving
air quality and reducing associated risks, and provide models, tools, and technical guidance to states.