Sentences with phrase «estimates of the impacts»

«Preliminary Estimates of the Impact of the Camp Tax Reform Plan on Charitable Giving.»

The randomized intervention design is one of strengths in our study, providing less biased estimates of impact of the intervention on socioeconomic inequalities.

In three separate indoor UV chambers, Benca exposed the dwarf pines to 7.5, 10 and 13 times Berkeley's normal UV - B intensity, in line with estimates of the impact Siberian Trap eruptions would have had on the ozone layer if their emissions occurred over various lengths of time, ranging from 400,000 years to less than 200,000 years.

An «urgent call» to understand risks of stress Researchers who were not involved with the new study said it was a good initial estimate of the impact of last year's drought but cautioned that the ultimate effect of the dry spell is not yet clear.

This finding coincides with work indicating that the IPCC has tended to provide overly conservative estimates of the impact of climate change in previous publications.

«We are planning to develop a lung cancer - specific comorbidity index using prospective data for the best estimate of the impact of individual comorbid conditions on survival.»

The agency will use this value «until an improved estimate of the impacts of climate change in the U.S. can be developed based on the best available science and economics,» an EPA spokesperson said in an email.

The achievement gap between middle - school students and K — 8 students is put in stark relief in Figure 1, which displays our estimates of the impact of attending a middle school on student achievement as measured by standardized tests in math and English Language Arts.

No estimates of the impacts of class size reduction suggest impacts anywhere near as large as those related to improving teacher quality.

• When proclaiming the importance of their causal estimates of the impact of school spending, there are no qualifications: «Our findings provide compelling evidence that money does matter, and that additional school resources can meaningfully improve long - run outcomes for students.»

In his study, Hanushek calculated the economic value related to effective teaching by drawing on a research literature that provides precise estimates of the impact of students» achievement levels on their lifetime earnings, and by combining these figures with estimated impacts of more - effective teachers on student achievement.

Our estimates of the impact of vocational education on age - employment profiles indicate that much of the policy discussion about education programs is too narrow.

As a result, simple comparisons of student outcomes in municipal, stand - alone, and network schools might give misleading estimates of the impact of schools on student achievement, even after adjusting for the measured characteristics of the students who attend each type of school.

The advantage of this approach is that we get an estimate of the impact on treated.

A virtual analysis Harvard Gazette, 7/28/14 «Our study provided quasi-experimental estimates of the impact on learning of the transition from standard residential to blended classroom using test scores,» said [Professor Andrew] Ho, the co-chair of the HarvardX research committee.

But we can calculate more prosaic economic values related to effective teaching, by drawing on a research literature that provides surprisingly precise estimates of the impact of student achievement levels on their lifetime earnings and by combining this with estimated impacts of more - effective teachers on student achievement.

Let's start with some conservative estimates of the impact on an individual student.

We treat Instrumental Variables Analysis (IV) estimates of the impact of private schooling on student outcomes, some of which are being presented for the first time in this study, as the causal «benchmark» estimate.

To be sure, statewide analyses can provide accurate estimates of the impact of school resources — but only if the analyst includes within the statistical model all the factors that affect student performance and, in the standard linear regression model generally favored by RAND, if these factors have a constant, additive effect on student achievement.

Abdulkadiroglu et al. (2011) and Angrist, Pathak, and Walters (2013) found similar estimates of the impact of a year in a Boston area charter school whether they compared charter school admission lottery winners and losers or whether they compared charter attendees to regular public school students with similar observed characteristics.

Testing Nonexperimental Estimates of Impact against Experimental Estimates of Impact with Education Test Scores as Outcomes

Because of differences among study designs and assessments, our determination of ESs can only be considered a rough estimate of impact, allowing comparison among the various models.

«Preliminary Estimates of the Impact of the Camp Tax Reform Plan on Charitable Giving.»

3 «Effective interest rate» is equal to the borrower interest rate, reduced by Lending Club's estimate of the impact of uncollected interest prior to charge off.

Factors affecting the amount of prey caught and estimates of the impact on wildlife.»

** GAAP EPS includes incremental expense ($ 1.03 for the fourth quarter and $ 1.04 for the full year 2017) due to the impact of significant discrete tax - related items, including amounts related to changes in tax laws (including a reasonable estimate of the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017, as provided for in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidance), and amounts related to the potential or final resolution of tax positions, and other unusual or unique tax - related items and activities.

They all report that the study claims tourism accounts for 8 percent of carbon emissions, but that «previous estimates of the impact of all this travel on carbon suggested that tourism accounted for 2.5 - 3 % of emissions.»

When estimates of their impact are removed (see this), the global warming trend becomes evident.

This causes estimates of the impact of CO2 on temperature to be understated, if one assumes no lag or a short lag; and to be overstated if one assumes longer lags.

EPA's analysis (from which it derived estimates of the impact on vehicle prices) assumed that all other vehicle attributes would be held constant, and that the increased cost of production (to meet the higher fuel economy standard) would be passed entirely on to the final buyer.

On Monday evening August 6 (23:19 Eastern), I published my own first estimate of the impact of the error in the post Quantifying the Hansen Y2K Error.

The project will provide headline and sectoral estimates of the impacts and economic costs of climate change for [continue reading...]

In short, the temperature impact of CO2 is known within a significantly constrained range that excludes most denier estimates of the impact.

Now if you can figure out how much of the warming is due to CO2 and how much is due to longer term natural ocean «sloshing» around, then you can come up with an educated estimate of impact due to CO2.

To calculate the impacts on electric utilities, the paper provides estimates of the impacts of PHEVs on the revenue and cost streams of two sample utilities, one with its own generating resources, and one that is highly dependent on imported power («wires only»).

[9] Estimates of the impact of climate change have also been calculated for individual hurricanes in the past (Katrina and Ivan).

So the question du jour is: Does POGA C or POGA - H minus HIST provide a better estimate of the impacts of ENSO / PDO on the global climate?

Well, my estimate of the impact on the US temperature series was about 0.18 - 0.19 deg C., a little bit more than Ruedy's 0.15 deg C. My estimate added a small negative offset going into 2000 to the positive offset of about 0.15 - 0.16 after 2000 — I suspect that Ruedy is not counting both parts, thereby slightly minimizing the impact.

Estimates of the impacts of the RET and FiT schemes on customer bills vary.

-LSB-...] August 6 (23:19 Eastern), I published my own first estimate of the impact of the error in the post Quantifying the Hansen Y2K Error.

To make an accurate estimate of the impact, it was necessary to include the effect of the new insulated bucket adjustment — a point discussed at Climate Audit and which I would have included in any Climate Audit estimate.

I agree that great accuracy is not possible but disagree that it could be small — even the low end estimates of impact are large.

These are used as inputs to the MDM - E3 macro-econometric model of the UK economy and energy system, which gives an estimate of impacts on key industry sectors and the economy as a whole.

Perhaps you'd care to give us an example of physics currently missing from the models and an estimate of its impact?

Because of delays resulting from the Sony Pictures hack, Sony said today that it had opted to disclose forecasted results, which include an estimated of the impact of the cyberattack.

Not exact matches

• volume effect: the impact of changes in volumes is estimated by comparing the quantities delivered in the period under review with the quantities delivered in the prior period, multiplied, in both cases, by the weighted average net unit selling price in the prior period

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward - looking statements and that should be considered in evaluating our outlook include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) our ability to continue to grow our business and execute our growth strategy, including the timing, execution, and profitability of new and maturing programs; 2) our ability to perform our obligations under our new and maturing commercial, business aircraft, and military development programs, and the related recurring production; 3) our ability to accurately estimate and manage performance, cost, and revenue under our contracts, including our ability to achieve certain cost reductions with respect to the B787 program; 4) margin pressures and the potential for additional forward losses on new and maturing programs; 5) our ability to accommodate, and the cost of accommodating, announced increases in the build rates of certain aircraft; 6) the effect on aircraft demand and build rates of changing customer preferences for business aircraft, including the effect of global economic conditions on the business aircraft market and expanding conflicts or political unrest in the Middle East or Asia; 7) customer cancellations or deferrals as a result of global economic uncertainty or otherwise; 8) the effect of economic conditions in the industries and markets in which we operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; 9) the success and timely execution of key milestones such as the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, including our ability to obtain in a timely fashion any required regulatory or other third party approvals for the consummation of our announced acquisition of Asco, and customer adherence to their announced schedules; 10) our ability to successfully negotiate, or re-negotiate, future pricing under our supply agreements with Boeing and our other customers; 11) our ability to enter into profitable supply arrangements with additional customers; 12) the ability of all parties to satisfy their performance requirements under existing supply contracts with our two major customers, Boeing and Airbus, and other customers, and the risk of nonpayment by such customers; 13) any adverse impact on Boeing's and Airbus» production of aircraft resulting from cancellations, deferrals, or reduced orders by their customers or from labor disputes, domestic or international hostilities, or acts of terrorism; 14) any adverse impact on the demand for air travel or our operations from the outbreak of diseases or epidemic or pandemic outbreaks; 15) our ability to avoid or recover from cyber-based or other security attacks, information technology failures, or other disruptions; 16) returns on pension plan assets and the impact of future discount rate changes on pension obligations; 17) our ability to borrow additional funds or refinance debt, including our ability to obtain the debt to finance the purchase price for our announced acquisition of Asco on favorable terms or at all; 18) competition from commercial aerospace original equipment manufacturers and other aerostructures suppliers; 19) the effect of governmental laws, such as U.S. export control laws and U.S. and foreign anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act, and environmental laws and agency regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad; 20) the effect of changes in tax law, such as the effect of The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the «TCJA») that was enacted on December 22, 2017, and changes to the interpretations of or guidance related thereto, and the Company's ability to accurately calculate and estimate the effect of such changes; 21) any reduction in our credit ratings; 22) our dependence on our suppliers, as well as the cost and availability of raw materials and purchased components; 23) our ability to recruit and retain a critical mass of highly - skilled employees and our relationships with the unions representing many of our employees; 24) spending by the U.S. and other governments on defense; 25) the possibility that our cash flows and our credit facility may not be adequate for our additional capital needs or for payment of interest on, and principal of, our indebtedness; 26) our exposure under our revolving credit facility to higher interest payments should interest rates increase substantially; 27) the effectiveness of any interest rate hedging programs; 28) the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; 29) the outcome or impact of ongoing or future litigation, claims, and regulatory actions; 30) exposure to potential product liability and warranty claims; 31) our ability to effectively assess, manage and integrate acquisitions that we pursue, including our ability to successfully integrate the Asco business and generate synergies and other cost savings; 32) our ability to consummate our announced acquisition of Asco in a timely matter while avoiding any unexpected costs, charges, expenses, adverse changes to business relationships and other business disruptions for ourselves and Asco as a result of the acquisition; 33) our ability to continue selling certain receivables through our supplier financing program; 34) the risks of doing business internationally, including fluctuations in foreign current exchange rates, impositions of tariffs or embargoes, compliance with foreign laws, and domestic and foreign government policies; and 35) our ability to complete the proposed accelerated stock repurchase plan, among other things.

This lack of engagement and its impact on employees costs the U.S. an estimated $ 77 billion to $ 96 billion each year.

• price effect: the impact of changes in average selling prices is estimated by comparing the weighted average net unit selling price of a range of related products in the period under review with their weighted average net unit selling price in the prior period, multiplied, in both cases, by the volumes sold in the period under review.

Actual operational and financial results of SkyWest, SkyWest Airlines and ExpressJet will likely also vary, and may vary materially, from those anticipated, estimated, projected or expected for a number of other reasons, including, in addition to those identified above: the challenges and costs of integrating operations and realizing anticipated synergies and other benefits from the acquisition of ExpressJet; the challenges of competing successfully in a highly competitive and rapidly changing industry; developments associated with fluctuations in the economy and the demand for air travel; the financial stability of SkyWest's major partners and any potential impact of their financial condition on the operations of SkyWest, SkyWest Airlines, or ExpressJet; fluctuations in flight schedules, which are determined by the major partners for whom SkyWest's operating airlines conduct flight operations; variations in market and economic conditions; significant aircraft lease and debt commitments; residual aircraft values and related impairment charges; labor relations and costs; the impact of global instability; rapidly fluctuating fuel costs, and potential fuel shortages; the impact of weather - related or other natural disasters on air travel and airline costs; aircraft deliveries; the ability to attract and retain qualified pilots and other unanticipated factors.