Sentences with phrase «estimation method of»

«Providing the authorities with a conservative estimation method of transuranic activity allows them to make informed decisions, based on robust data and analysis, as soon as possible,» Cope says.

A recent article in Reviews of Geophysics presents a comprehensive review of the data sources and estimation methods of 30 currently available global precipitation datasets.

Not exact matches

All measurement is not measurement of lengths on a straight line; there is a second most important measurement of intervals, independent of such measurement of lengths, the estimation of angles, or, what comes to the same thing, of ratios and arcs of circles to the whole circumference, In point of fact, it is by angular measurement that we habitually estimate temporal intervals, whenever we appeal to a watch or clock, and in the prehistoric past the first rough estimates of intervals within the natural day must presumably» have been made, independently of measurement of lengths, by this same method, with the sky for clock - face.

Unit cost estimation involved a combination of bottom - up and top - down costing methods and followed guidance on costing healthcare services as part of an economic evaluation.15 17 Detailed unit costs, derived from the finance departments of participating trusts and information provided by senior midwives, were estimated for resource inputs into the following components of intrapartum and after birth care for all settings: homebirth delivery packs; NHS reimbursement for midwifery travel; some forms of pain relief; alternative modes of delivery; active management of the third stage of labour; suturing for episiotomy; suturing third and fourth degree perineal tears; manual removal of the placenta; blood transfusions; and care after a stillbirth or neonatal death.

It is notoriously difficult to estimate accurately the amount of blood lost during labour and delivery, and the normal method used (visual estimation) has been found to be inaccurate [31].

The study also developed novel non-invasive monitoring methods such as camera traps and underwater surveys for monitoring lair sites and for making better estimations of natality and perinatal mortality.

Executive Summary The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature project was created to make the best possible estimate of global temperature change using as complete a record of measurements as possible and by applying novel methods for the estimation and elimination of systematic biases.

For this reason, Professor Stork and his colleagues focused on asking how many species of beetles and insects there actually are, in the process applying a new method of estimation arising from a tendency for larger species of British beetles to be described before smaller species.

However, the new research shows that four current methods of estimation — dating from 2001 onwards — suggest much lower figures, namely a mean of 1.5 million for beetles (range 0.9 - 2.1 million) and 6.8 million for terrestrial arthropods (range 5.9 - 7.8 million).

So researchers turned to two different estimation methods — one whereby total mortalities were estimated from the actual number of dead birds recovered, and another in which information on the geographic extent of the oil slick and seabird densities were used to estimate potential mortalities.

J.D. Willson, an assistant professor in the Department of Biological Sciences, will validate his new method, Innovative Density Estimation Approach for Secretive Snakes (IDEASS), by estimating the number of southern hognose snakes and eastern diamondback rattlesnakes at Fort Stewart, Georgia, one of the Army's most active training installations.

Previous RV methods for measuring a planet's mass could only determine the planet's indicative mass — an estimation of its minimum mass, which might be much less than its actual mass.

Given that the degree of under - estimation of TCR using the Otto method seems inversely correlated with the NH / SH warming ratio, at least in the models used in Shindell (2014), it would seem that the rather large NH / SH warming ratio observed in the «real» earth system indicates a tiny to non-existent underestimation of TCR when using those simple methods (e.g. Otto et al) in the real world.

Where (equilibrium / effective) climate sensitivity (S) is the only parameter being estimated, and the estimation method works directly from the observed variables (e.g., by regression, as in Forster and Gregory, 2006, or mean estimation, as in Gregory et al, 2002) over the instrumental period, then the JP for S will be almost of the form 1 / S ^ 2.

He has a broad interest in modelling of forward and inverse photon transport processes and numerical methods for solving large - scale parameter estimation problems.

In addition, there are various ways of assessing the quality of life in cost - utility analysis and utility estimation methods.

The main body of contents is composed of scientific papers on the various aspects of seismology, including: investigation of specific earthquakes, theoretical and observational studies of seismic waves; inverse methods for determining the structure of the earth or the dynamics of the earthquake source; seismometry; earthquake hazard and risk estimation; seismotectonics; earthquake engineering; paleoseismology; tsunami studies.

Research developments have included development and implementation of performance - based design methods for seismic retrofit of low rise school buildings, novel techniques for regional estimation of damage to structures during earthquakes, detailed studies on nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures and methods to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of large Civil Engineering structures.

The estimation method may be a more complex time judgment, because it implies the quantification of duration in time units while the comparison method only requires a comparison between durations [8].

Part of the problem with routine claims of ridiculously low body fat levels comes from the fact that most body fat measurement methods use estimation equations calibrated based on the normal population (i.e. not contest - ready bodybuiders).

For this running calorie burn calculator, cardiorespiratory fitness level is estimated through VO2max estimation, based on the runner's 20 second resting heart rate, per the relationship defined by N Uth, H Sorensen, K Overgaard, and PK Pedersen in their study titled «Estimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio Methestimation, based on the runner's 20 second resting heart rate, per the relationship defined by N Uth, H Sorensen, K Overgaard, and PK Pedersen in their study titled «Estimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio MethEstimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio Method.»

For the Uth et al. estimation of VO2max an age based estimation of maximum heart rate is made according to the method suggested by H Tanaka, KD Monhan, and DG Seals in their study titled «Age - predicted maximal heart rate revisited.»

Estimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio Method.

The method used to calculate absolute poverty rates in 2010, as reported in Figure 3 of «America's Mediocre Test Scores,» required estimations from data made available by Timothy Smeeding.

This method uses other characteristics about the respondent to impute an estimation of the missing values.

If they are using the same sampling method, or one similar to, that used by Bookscan, then the figures are merely an estimation of sales and not actual numbers.

No decisive quantitative evidence favors any one of the covariance estimation methods used in their construction.

Method two is the estimation of fair market value on both sides of the balance sheet.

Using numerical simulation, it is found that the proposed estimation method outperforms LS and MLS for a wide range of training SNRs.

The scale of liability (standard deviation from threshold) within the population of dogs comprising offspring from unaffected parents, and offspring from one and two affected parents, respectively, were used for the estimation of heritability according to published methods described for threshold characters [14].

The scale of liability (standard deviation from threshold) within the population of dogs comprising offspring from unaffected parents and offspring from one and two affected parents respectively were used for the estimation of heritability according to methods described for threshold characters [12].

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword Pattern AND recognition AND (neuroimaging OR MRI OR fMRI OR DTI OR EEG) and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 5 pages of results using our python script.

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword Cerebellum and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 28 pages of results using our python script.

* Method of estimation: Previously established base rate of women in computational neuroscience.

* Method of estimation: Previously established base rate of women in neurally inspired machine learning based on registration for NIPS 2016.

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword grid AND cell and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 5 pages of results found using our python script.

* Method of estimation: The topic of this conference is decision making and neuroscience so we used our established base rate of women in neuroeconomics (also called «decision neuroscience»).

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword neurotechnology OR neurotech OR -LRB-(brain OR neuro) AND technologies) and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 61 pages of results found using our python script.

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword biology AND «decision making» and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 12 pages of results using our python script.

I have seen no time series method of UHI estimation that agrees with stationary methods.

However, in order to improve upon the estimation methods for this sector, an understanding of the reporting problems and interpretation and application of the Guidelines by Parties with regard to the sub-categories in land - use change and forestry would be useful.

A novel principle of joint estimation is proposed here — using two relatively simple methods of smoothing.

The most popular observationally - constrained method of estimating climate sensitivity involves comparing data whose relation to S is too complex to permit direct estimation, such as temperatures over a spatio - temporal grid, with simulations thereof by a simplified climate model that has adjustable parameters for setting S and other key climate properties.

The hypothesis put forward is the author's novel method of «joint estimation» and the test is «does it increase our understanding?»

All of the other estimation methods * we have seen so far are also linear and, as we have already seen, are theoretically unbiased.

Here, we present a new method for predicting the descent time of the forthcoming solar cycle (SC); the method is based on the estimation of the Shannon entropy.

Prof Francisco Samaniego (UC Davis) in his book «A comparison of frequentist and Bayesian methods of estimation» makes the point that a «prior» has to be at least sufficiently accurate (beyond a «threshold» of accuracy) in order for the Bayesian estimate to be an improvement over the frequentist estimate («better» in a Bayesian sense that he defines), and has some discussion of when that may be the case.

[my ideas are: (1) climate sensitivity value estimation is science fiction, (2) abusing of montecarlo methods in order to attribute climate change to mankind is incorrect and (3) climatic models are not reliable as they are based in THAT climate sensitivity and as they require at least 900 years of data compilation to work properly].

Promote the development of data assimilation methods for application to numerical weather and climate predictions, and for the estimation of derived climatological quantities.

This means that only two emission targets — the peak rate and cumulative carbon emissions — are needed to constrain two key indicators of CO2 - induced climate change (peak warming and peak warming rate), as evidenced by the maximum - likelihood estimation method used above.