Sentences with phrase «estimation methods for»

However, the up - to - now research on developing estimation methods for percentiles has been based on the assumption that the data in the sample are formed independently.

However, in order to improve upon the estimation methods for this sector, an understanding of the reporting problems and interpretation and application of the Guidelines by Parties with regard to the sub-categories in land - use change and forestry would be useful.

Excluding it as well as using a physically - consistent estimation method for estimating iRF transient efficacy for iRF would reduce the estimate from 3.89 to, depending on the exact method used, 0.7 to 1.1.

Not exact matches

All measurement is not measurement of lengths on a straight line; there is a second most important measurement of intervals, independent of such measurement of lengths, the estimation of angles, or, what comes to the same thing, of ratios and arcs of circles to the whole circumference, In point of fact, it is by angular measurement that we habitually estimate temporal intervals, whenever we appeal to a watch or clock, and in the prehistoric past the first rough estimates of intervals within the natural day must presumably» have been made, independently of measurement of lengths, by this same method, with the sky for clock - face.

Milk waste at all 15 schools was collected using the Quarter - Waste Method [20], a reliable visual estimation technique for measuring tray waste in school cafeterias.

Unit cost estimation involved a combination of bottom - up and top - down costing methods and followed guidance on costing healthcare services as part of an economic evaluation.15 17 Detailed unit costs, derived from the finance departments of participating trusts and information provided by senior midwives, were estimated for resource inputs into the following components of intrapartum and after birth care for all settings: homebirth delivery packs; NHS reimbursement for midwifery travel; some forms of pain relief; alternative modes of delivery; active management of the third stage of labour; suturing for episiotomy; suturing third and fourth degree perineal tears; manual removal of the placenta; blood transfusions; and care after a stillbirth or neonatal death.

The study also developed novel non-invasive monitoring methods such as camera traps and underwater surveys for monitoring lair sites and for making better estimations of natality and perinatal mortality.

Executive Summary The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature project was created to make the best possible estimate of global temperature change using as complete a record of measurements as possible and by applying novel methods for the estimation and elimination of systematic biases.

For this reason, Professor Stork and his colleagues focused on asking how many species of beetles and insects there actually are, in the process applying a new method of estimation arising from a tendency for larger species of British beetles to be described before smaller speciFor this reason, Professor Stork and his colleagues focused on asking how many species of beetles and insects there actually are, in the process applying a new method of estimation arising from a tendency for larger species of British beetles to be described before smaller specifor larger species of British beetles to be described before smaller species.

However, the new research shows that four current methods of estimation — dating from 2001 onwards — suggest much lower figures, namely a mean of 1.5 million for beetles (range 0.9 - 2.1 million) and 6.8 million for terrestrial arthropods (range 5.9 - 7.8 million).

J.D. Willson, an assistant professor in the Department of Biological Sciences, will validate his new method, Innovative Density Estimation Approach for Secretive Snakes (IDEASS), by estimating the number of southern hognose snakes and eastern diamondback rattlesnakes at Fort Stewart, Georgia, one of the Army's most active training installations.

NJ trees were estimated for each window with the full SNP set using the same methods as the whole - genome tree estimation (see above).

Previous RV methods for measuring a planet's mass could only determine the planet's indicative mass — an estimation of its minimum mass, which might be much less than its actual mass.

Where (equilibrium / effective) climate sensitivity (S) is the only parameter being estimated, and the estimation method works directly from the observed variables (e.g., by regression, as in Forster and Gregory, 2006, or mean estimation, as in Gregory et al, 2002) over the instrumental period, then the JP for S will be almost of the form 1 / S ^ 2.

He has a broad interest in modelling of forward and inverse photon transport processes and numerical methods for solving large - scale parameter estimation problems.

The main body of contents is composed of scientific papers on the various aspects of seismology, including: investigation of specific earthquakes, theoretical and observational studies of seismic waves; inverse methods for determining the structure of the earth or the dynamics of the earthquake source; seismometry; earthquake hazard and risk estimation; seismotectonics; earthquake engineering; paleoseismology; tsunami studies.

Coupling dense genotype data with new computational methods offers unprecedented opportunities for individual - level ancestry estimation once geographically precisely defined reference data sets become available.

Research developments have included development and implementation of performance - based design methods for seismic retrofit of low rise school buildings, novel techniques for regional estimation of damage to structures during earthquakes, detailed studies on nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures and methods to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of large Civil Engineering structures.

For this running calorie burn calculator, cardiorespiratory fitness level is estimated through VO2max estimation, based on the runner's 20 second resting heart rate, per the relationship defined by N Uth, H Sorensen, K Overgaard, and PK Pedersen in their study titled «Estimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio Methestimation, based on the runner's 20 second resting heart rate, per the relationship defined by N Uth, H Sorensen, K Overgaard, and PK Pedersen in their study titled «Estimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio MethEstimation of VO2max from the ratio between HRmax and HRrest — the Heart Rate Ratio Method.»

For the Uth et al. estimation of VO2max an age based estimation of maximum heart rate is made according to the method suggested by H Tanaka, KD Monhan, and DG Seals in their study titled «Age - predicted maximal heart rate revisited.»

Using numerical simulation, it is found that the proposed estimation method outperforms LS and MLS for a wide range of training SNRs.

The scale of liability (standard deviation from threshold) within the population of dogs comprising offspring from unaffected parents, and offspring from one and two affected parents, respectively, were used for the estimation of heritability according to published methods described for threshold characters [14].

The scale of liability (standard deviation from threshold) within the population of dogs comprising offspring from unaffected parents and offspring from one and two affected parents respectively were used for the estimation of heritability according to methods described for threshold characters [12].

* Method of estimation: Previously established base rate of women in neurally inspired machine learning based on registration for NIPS 2016.

The most popular observationally - constrained method of estimating climate sensitivity involves comparing data whose relation to S is too complex to permit direct estimation, such as temperatures over a spatio - temporal grid, with simulations thereof by a simplified climate model that has adjustable parameters for setting S and other key climate properties.

A Distributed Gauss - Newton Method for Power System State Estimation A Minot, Y Lu and N Li IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015

Here, we present a new method for predicting the descent time of the forthcoming solar cycle (SC); the method is based on the estimation of the Shannon entropy.

Prof Francisco Samaniego (UC Davis) in his book «A comparison of frequentist and Bayesian methods of estimation» makes the point that a «prior» has to be at least sufficiently accurate (beyond a «threshold» of accuracy) in order for the Bayesian estimate to be an improvement over the frequentist estimate («better» in a Bayesian sense that he defines), and has some discussion of when that may be the case.

Promote the development of data assimilation methods for application to numerical weather and climate predictions, and for the estimation of derived climatological quantities.

The new method reduces the bias between the TOMS UV estimations and ground - based UV measurements for snow periods.

No heuristic statistical methods for parameter estimation should be used AT ALL for that last work and discussion.

We investigate three methods for simultaneous estimation of the Hurst parameter (H) and the standard deviation (σ) for a Hurst - Kolmogorov stochastic process, namely the maximum likelihood method and two methods based on the variation of the standard deviation or of the variance with time scale.

Seven single - site statistical downscaling methods for daily temperature and precipitation, including four deterministic algorithms [analog model (ANM), quantile mapping with delta method extrapolation (QMD), cumulative distribution function transform (CDFt), and model - based recursive partitioning (MOB)-RSB- and three stochastic algorithms [generalized linear model (GLM), Conditional Density Estimation Network Creation and Evaluation (CaDENCE), and Statistical Downscaling Model — Decision Centric (SDSM — DC] are evaluated at nine stations located in the mountainous region of Iran's Midwest.

For short term predictions, the method uses the classical «state estimation» (Kalman filters), whereby the «state» reflects combinations of heat quantities accumulated in the thermal inertia of the oceans.

Participants at the workshop exchanged views on definitions and scope of estimation, reporting and accounting of harvested wood products; methods for estimation and reporting of emissions and removals relating to harvested wood products; and approaches for accounting of harvested wood products and the socio - economic and environmental implications of different approaches

Participants at the workshop discussed and exchanged views on definitions and scope of estimation, reporting and accounting of HWP; methods for estimation and reporting; and approaches for accounting of HWP and the socio - economic and environmental implications of different approaches.

In my estimation the ideal application of this method is in situations where site conditions can be assumed to be stable, the stand has an open character so that between tree competition is minimal, and a large population of samples of varying age is available for a reference period for which the curve will be constructed.

Re: jcspe (# 413), at least within the method I am using there is no need for a correction factor as the estimation just calculates the best fit for the live trees and the dead trees independently based on the observed data.

General Introduction Two Main Goals Identifying Patterns in Time Series Data Systematic pattern and random noise Two general aspects of time series patterns Trend Analysis Analysis of Seasonality ARIMA (Box & Jenkins) and Autocorrelations General Introduction Two Common Processes ARIMA Methodology Identification Phase Parameter Estimation Evaluation of the Model Interrupted Time Series Exponential Smoothing General Introduction Simple Exponential Smoothing Choosing the Best Value for Parameter a (alpha) Indices of Lack of Fit (Error) Seasonal and Non-seasonal Models With or Without Trend Seasonal Decomposition (Census I) General Introduction Computations X-11 Census method II seasonal adjustment Seasonal Adjustment: Basic Ideas and Terms The Census II Method Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Specific Description of all Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Distributed Lags Analysis General Purpose General Model Almon Distributed Lag Single Spectrum (Fourier) Analysis Cross-spectrum Analysis General Introduction Basic Notation and Principles Results for Each Variable The Cross-periodogram, Cross-density, Quadrature - density, and Cross-amplitude Squared Coherency, Gain, and Phase Shift How the Example Data were Created Spectrum Analysis — Basic Notations and Principles Frequency and Period The General Structural Model A Simple Example Periodogram The Problem of Leakage Padding the Time Series Tapering Data Windows and Spectral Density Estimates Preparing the Data for Analysis Results when no Periodicity in the Series Exists Fast Fourier Transformations General Introduction Computation of FFT in Time method II seasonal adjustment Seasonal Adjustment: Basic Ideas and Terms The Census II Method Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Specific Description of all Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Distributed Lags Analysis General Purpose General Model Almon Distributed Lag Single Spectrum (Fourier) Analysis Cross-spectrum Analysis General Introduction Basic Notation and Principles Results for Each Variable The Cross-periodogram, Cross-density, Quadrature - density, and Cross-amplitude Squared Coherency, Gain, and Phase Shift How the Example Data were Created Spectrum Analysis — Basic Notations and Principles Frequency and Period The General Structural Model A Simple Example Periodogram The Problem of Leakage Padding the Time Series Tapering Data Windows and Spectral Density Estimates Preparing the Data for Analysis Results when no Periodicity in the Series Exists Fast Fourier Transformations General Introduction Computation of FFT in Time Method Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Specific Description of all Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Distributed Lags Analysis General Purpose General Model Almon Distributed Lag Single Spectrum (Fourier) Analysis Cross-spectrum Analysis General Introduction Basic Notation and Principles Results for Each Variable The Cross-periodogram, Cross-density, Quadrature - density, and Cross-amplitude Squared Coherency, Gain, and Phase Shift How the Example Data were Created Spectrum Analysis — Basic Notations and Principles Frequency and Period The General Structural Model A Simple Example Periodogram The Problem of Leakage Padding the Time Series Tapering Data Windows and Spectral Density Estimates Preparing the Data for Analysis Results when no Periodicity in the Series Exists Fast Fourier Transformations General Introduction Computation of FFT in Time Method Specific Description of all Results Tables Computed by the X-11 Method Distributed Lags Analysis General Purpose General Model Almon Distributed Lag Single Spectrum (Fourier) Analysis Cross-spectrum Analysis General Introduction Basic Notation and Principles Results for Each Variable The Cross-periodogram, Cross-density, Quadrature - density, and Cross-amplitude Squared Coherency, Gain, and Phase Shift How the Example Data were Created Spectrum Analysis — Basic Notations and Principles Frequency and Period The General Structural Model A Simple Example Periodogram The Problem of Leakage Padding the Time Series Tapering Data Windows and Spectral Density Estimates Preparing the Data for Analysis Results when no Periodicity in the Series Exists Fast Fourier Transformations General Introduction Computation of FFT in Time Method Distributed Lags Analysis General Purpose General Model Almon Distributed Lag Single Spectrum (Fourier) Analysis Cross-spectrum Analysis General Introduction Basic Notation and Principles Results for Each Variable The Cross-periodogram, Cross-density, Quadrature - density, and Cross-amplitude Squared Coherency, Gain, and Phase Shift How the Example Data were Created Spectrum Analysis — Basic Notations and Principles Frequency and Period The General Structural Model A Simple Example Periodogram The Problem of Leakage Padding the Time Series Tapering Data Windows and Spectral Density Estimates Preparing the Data for Analysis Results when no Periodicity in the Series Exists Fast Fourier Transformations General Introduction Computation of FFT in Time Series

«The Chapter considers only one type of quantitative future - predictive climate model and «does not include quantitative scenarios produced using other methods; for example heuristic estimation such as Delphi».

For more thought along those lines, read «A Comparison of Bayesian and Frequentist Methods of Estimation» by Francisco J. Samaniego; and his considerations of when Bayesian estimates are less accurate than frequentist estimates (almost always, especially in multiparameter cases or cases without a lot of a priori frequentist information).

The MIROC3 - AS SME is generated using an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) method for parameter estimation (Annan et al. 2005b).

For more, you might like to read the book «A Comparison of Frequentist and Bayesian Methods of Parameter Estimation» by Francisco Samaniego -LSB-...] You wouldn't want to be limited by my limited account here; if this idea appeals to you, you might want to check out his book.»

This of course, does not automatically mean that the estimations are wrong, however it does call into question the reliability of the record when it relies on so much estimated data, and apparently no access to their estimation methods (I'm still waiting for anyone I've asked to provide links) so that they can be independently checked.

Where (equilibrium / effective) climate sensitivity (S) is the only parameter being estimated, and the estimation method works directly from the observed variables (e.g., by regression, as in Forster and Gregory, 2006, or mean estimation, as in Gregory et al, 2002) over the instrumental period, then the JP for S will be almost of the form 1 / S ^ 2.

The regression - with - intercept estimation method Marvel et al. use for iRF efficacies and sensitivities is inappropriate; and most of their estimates using ERF do not agree with the underlying data.

This gives some reason to be confident about the result (had their polar values been insanely high, that would signal a problem, but the values they give are totally plausible, given the other methods for estimation of zonal trends).

• Developed a NSF funded successful project «ISES»: In - situ Enzymatic Screening method for parallel estimation of relative rate and enantioselectivity.

A recent methodological piece on the identification of children who bully suggested that the use of a single - item question is the method of choice for prevalence estimation of bullying.32 The same article discusses the construct validity of the preferred measure by assessing the correlation between bullying and an antisocial measure.

Survey estimation procedures were applied, and the Taylor - series linearization method adjusted the standard errors for the complex survey design.