Sentences with phrase «estimation methods used»

No decisive quantitative evidence favors any one of the covariance estimation methods used in their construction.

This means that only two emission targets — the peak rate and cumulative carbon emissions — are needed to constrain two key indicators of CO2 - induced climate change (peak warming and peak warming rate), as evidenced by the maximum - likelihood estimation method used above.

Not exact matches

Milk waste at all 15 schools was collected using the Quarter - Waste Method [20], a reliable visual estimation technique for measuring tray waste in school cafeterias.

While doctors can use methods such as ultrasound measurements and estimation, the baby's true weight will not be known until they actually arrive.

It is notoriously difficult to estimate accurately the amount of blood lost during labour and delivery, and the normal method used (visual estimation) has been found to be inaccurate [31].

Executive Summary The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature project was created to make the best possible estimate of global temperature change using as complete a record of measurements as possible and by applying novel methods for the estimation and elimination of systematic biases.

So researchers turned to two different estimation methods — one whereby total mortalities were estimated from the actual number of dead birds recovered, and another in which information on the geographic extent of the oil slick and seabird densities were used to estimate potential mortalities.

NJ trees were estimated for each window with the full SNP set using the same methods as the whole - genome tree estimation (see above).

Given that the degree of under - estimation of TCR using the Otto method seems inversely correlated with the NH / SH warming ratio, at least in the models used in Shindell (2014), it would seem that the rather large NH / SH warming ratio observed in the «real» earth system indicates a tiny to non-existent underestimation of TCR when using those simple methods (e.g. Otto et al) in the real world.

Part of the problem with routine claims of ridiculously low body fat levels comes from the fact that most body fat measurement methods use estimation equations calibrated based on the normal population (i.e. not contest - ready bodybuiders).

The method used to calculate absolute poverty rates in 2010, as reported in Figure 3 of «America's Mediocre Test Scores,» required estimations from data made available by Timothy Smeeding.

Mega Bundle GCSE Presentations, Worksheets, Handouts, Games PowerPoints: Factorising Quadratic Expressions (GCSE) The Box method used to multiply expressions in brackets Linear Graphs - the «cover up» method Number Relationships Scatter Graphs Simplifying Surds Solving Linear Equations Formulae triangles Worksheets: Factorising Quadratic Expressions (GCSE) The Box method used to multiply expressions in brackets Linear Graphs - the «cover up» method Number Relationships Scatter Graphs Simplifying Surds Equations Trigonometry Average and Range BODMAS, Sequences, Triangular numbers, Square numbers Directed Numbers Factors, Multiples, Primes Fraction, Decimal, Percentage Number Approximation and Estimation Standard Form Trigonometry Handouts: HCF, LCM and Prime Factor Trees Squares and Cubes Statistics Games: Negative Numbers and Temperature Factors, Multiples, Primes maths GCSE numeracy Functional Skills Entry 3 Level 1 Level 2

This method uses other characteristics about the respondent to impute an estimation of the missing values.

If they are using the same sampling method, or one similar to, that used by Bookscan, then the figures are merely an estimation of sales and not actual numbers.

You can base the deduction amount on your actual sales receipts or use an estimation method provided by the IRS.

Using numerical simulation, it is found that the proposed estimation method outperforms LS and MLS for a wide range of training SNRs.

The scale of liability (standard deviation from threshold) within the population of dogs comprising offspring from unaffected parents, and offspring from one and two affected parents, respectively, were used for the estimation of heritability according to published methods described for threshold characters [14].

The scale of liability (standard deviation from threshold) within the population of dogs comprising offspring from unaffected parents and offspring from one and two affected parents respectively were used for the estimation of heritability according to methods described for threshold characters [12].

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword Pattern AND recognition AND (neuroimaging OR MRI OR fMRI OR DTI OR EEG) and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 5 pages of results using our python script.

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword Cerebellum and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 28 pages of results using our python script.

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword grid AND cell and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 5 pages of results found using our python script.

* Method of estimation: The topic of this conference is decision making and neuroscience so we used our established base rate of women in neuroeconomics (also called «decision neuroscience»).

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword neurotechnology OR neurotech OR -LRB-(brain OR neuro) AND technologies) and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 61 pages of results found using our python script.

* Method of estimation: We searched NIH RePORTER with keyword biology AND «decision making» and then counted the ratio of women among the unique researchers in all 12 pages of results using our python script.

However, in order to improve upon the estimation methods for this sector, an understanding of the reporting problems and interpretation and application of the Guidelines by Parties with regard to the sub-categories in land - use change and forestry would be useful.

A novel principle of joint estimation is proposed here — using two relatively simple methods of smoothing.

Troy's post pretty well demolishes Shindell's findings, showing that his TCR estimation method fails badly on the models used to derive it.

No heuristic statistical methods for parameter estimation should be used AT ALL for that last work and discussion.

Fortunately, regardless of foundational disagreements I think most people (and certainly most scientists) are in practice prepared to judge the appropriateness of statistical estimation methods by how well they perform upon repeated use.

It concluded after looking at all the then available studies using different estimation methods, that the probable ECS was maybe 1.9, and possibly as low as 1.6.

Excluding it as well as using a physically - consistent estimation method for estimating iRF transient efficacy for iRF would reduce the estimate from 3.89 to, depending on the exact method used, 0.7 to 1.1.

The main improvements with respect to V2 version flux products (Bentamy et al, 2008) are related to the improvements of the specific air humidity estimation from radiometer measurements, to the assessment of the surface winds retrieved from QuikSCAT scatterometers, and to the use of the new objective method allowing the calculation of flux analyses over the global oceans.

For short term predictions, the method uses the classical «state estimation» (Kalman filters), whereby the «state» reflects combinations of heat quantities accumulated in the thermal inertia of the oceans.

Re: jcspe (# 413), at least within the method I am using there is no need for a correction factor as the estimation just calculates the best fit for the live trees and the dead trees independently based on the observed data.

The sensitivity, shown in Supplementary Table 6, of TCR estimation using the difference method to choice of base period when using a 2000 — 09 final period is explicable primarily by poor matching of volcanic forcing when base periods other than 1861 — 80 are used.

«The Chapter considers only one type of quantitative future - predictive climate model and «does not include quantitative scenarios produced using other methods; for example heuristic estimation such as Delphi».

As discussed in some detail in LC15, sensitivity estimation using an energy budget difference method is sensitive to variations between the base and final periods in volcanic forcing, due to its very low apparent efficacy, so periods with matching volcanism should be used.

This is explained in the vast quantity of mathematics and simulation analysis of diverse type of estimation, including the methods used by the BEST team.

The MIROC3 - AS SME is generated using an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) method for parameter estimation (Annan et al. 2005b).

However, time series trends are more appropriately modelled dynamically using decomposition methods [32]--[34], and an alternative temperature anomaly series can be constructed using departures from a dynamic seasonal pattern, following estimation using a centred 12 - point moving average (e.g., [34]-RRB-.

The regression - with - intercept estimation method Marvel et al. use for iRF efficacies and sensitivities is inappropriate; and most of their estimates using ERF do not agree with the underlying data.

Marvel et al.'s findings using iRF are a) largely irrelevant; and b) use an inappropriate estimation method.

Ensemble - based parameter estimation in a coupled GCM using the adaptive spatial average method

A recent methodological piece on the identification of children who bully suggested that the use of a single - item question is the method of choice for prevalence estimation of bullying.32 The same article discusses the construct validity of the preferred measure by assessing the correlation between bullying and an antisocial measure.

All analyses used the mean and variance adjusted weighted - least squares estimation method (WLSMV).

First, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted in MPlus, to test the model fit of the factor solutions indicated in Study 3, using polychoric correlation matrices, the WLSMV estimation method, and the oblique (geomin) factor rotation.

In the second approach, missing - data estimation methods were used to estimate outcomes for all trial participants.

Second, methods of missing data estimation were used to estimate outcomes for all trial participants.

In the second approach, missing data estimation methods were used to give complete data for all families.

Thus, our current analysis, using an activation likelihood estimation approach, provides an important step towards a more focused method of neuroimaging in AB.