Canada to Mandate 5 %
Ethanol in Gasoline by 2010
Canada to Mandate 5 %
Ethanol in Gasoline by 2010 Venture Capital is Shifting from Creating Clean Power to Energy Conservation
Not exact matches
An assessment paid for
by DuPont said that the
ethanol it will produce there could be more than 100 per cent better than
gasoline in terms of greenhouse gas emissions.
According to analyses that have been published
in Science and carried out
by the California Air Resources Board, corn - based
ethanol is actually worse than
gasoline, mainly because growing more corn for
ethanol forces farmers to clear additional grasslands and forests to grow food crops.
A Northwestern University study
by an economist and a chemist reports that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to mostly switch from
ethanol to
gasoline in their flexible - fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20 percent.
Gasoline prices
in Brazil are controlled
by the government, and the domestic sugar price — and therefore the domestic price of
ethanol — is determined
by the world sugar price.
If
ethanol safely supports a 15:1 CR
in a naturally - aspirated application where
gasoline can only go up to 10:1 before detonation becomes a concern, one can expect the effective working pressure to improve
by up to 50 % (of course, the engine's compression ratio will physically have to be altered to take advantage of
ethanol).
By federal and state regulation, nearly all gasoline sold by retailers in the US has up to 10 % ethanol blended into it to comply with the US Renewable Fuel Standards as part of the Energy Independence and Security Ac
By federal and state regulation, nearly all
gasoline sold
by retailers in the US has up to 10 % ethanol blended into it to comply with the US Renewable Fuel Standards as part of the Energy Independence and Security Ac
by retailers
in the US has up to 10 %
ethanol blended into it to comply with the US Renewable Fuel Standards as part of the Energy Independence and Security Act.
Based on the just released Low Carbon Fuel Standard prepared
by the University of California for the Governor, «regular»
gasoline as a value of 85 — 92 g CO2 eq / MJ, while natural gas has a value of ~ 80 g CO2 eq / MJ, electricity
in California has an average value of 27 g CO2 eq / MJ (when used to drive an electric vehicle), and cellulosic
ethanol derived from municipal solid waste is ~ 5 g CO2 eq / MJ.
While
ethanol, for example derived from corn but distilled
in a facility powered
by coal was,
in fact, on average worse, than
gasoline, some of the envisioned cellulosic - based biofuels could be dramatically better on a g CO2 eq / MJ basis.
Biofuels Digest quotes Barbassa as saying that
gasoline has now become «the alternative fuel»:
In fact Petrobras predicts that
by 2020 that the
gasoline market for light vehicles will shrink
by 17 %, with
ethanol use increasing.
In a report released last month, the GAO underscored the evaporative problems posed
by ethanol, saying that compensating for
ethanol forces refiners to remove certain liquids from their
gasoline: «Removing these components and reprocessing them or diverting them to other products increases the cost of making
ethanol - blended
gasoline.»
Mid-range
gasoline -
ethanol blends (greater than 10 percent and less than 85 percent
ethanol) should only be used
in vehicles approved for their use
by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Meanwhile, a 2007 study
by a Stanford University environmental engineer found that increasing
ethanol levels
in gasoline can lead to more smog.
But it misleads
by saying
in a graphic that
ethanol produces «34 - 88 % lower carbon than
gasoline today.»
Third, there can be — indeed, has been — a major impact
in the U.S. motor fuels sector, where the market for biofuels (mainly
ethanol) is negatively affected
by low conventional
gasoline prices.
Almost as bad are regulations requiring the use of corn
ethanol, which clearly only benefit corn producers and processors at the expense of
gasoline users and illustrates how government interference
in private markets can be used
by special interests to reallocate income to themselves.
Opponents make compelling case but can't derail or even slow this well - protected industry Guest opinion
by Paul Driessen Like most people I've spoken with, I have no innate, inflexible antipathy to
ethanol in gasoline.
Robert Zubrin thinks the United States can break free from the grip of Middle East oil - producing countries
by immediately mandating that all cars sold
in this country be «flex - fuel vehicles,» capable of running on
gasoline,
ethanol or methanol.
CARD claims that from January 2000 to December 2011, «the growth
in ethanol production reduced wholesale
gasoline prices
by $ 0.29 per gallon on average across all regions,» and that
in 2011
ethanol lowered
gasoline prices
by a whopping $ 1.09 per gallon.
In a free market, refiners would have blended less ethanol and produced more gasoline than they did in the market rigged by the RFS and other pro-ethanol policie
In a free market, refiners would have blended less
ethanol and produced more
gasoline than they did
in the market rigged by the RFS and other pro-ethanol policie
in the market rigged
by the RFS and other pro-
ethanol policies.
The shipping costs to transport the
ethanol by rail to the Northwest will also slightly decrease the already marginal improvement
in petrloleum and fossil energy use per mile travelled on
ethanol relative to
gasoline.
Producers generally sell directly to fueling stations, which explains why
ethanol has taken root
in the Midwest, center of U.S. corn production, or send it
by rail to terminals to be blended with
gasoline.
[68] The U.S. consumed 138.2 × 109 US gal (523 × 106 m3) of
gasoline in 2008, blended with about 9.6 × 109 US gal (36 × 106 m3) of
ethanol, representing a market share of almost 7 % of supply
by volume.
According to a 2008 analysis
by Iowa State University, the growth
in U.S.
ethanol fuel production caused retail
gasoline prices to be 29 — 40 cents per gallon lower than would otherwise have been the case.
But «the day is not far distant when...» (
gasoline is replaced
by ethanol) hasn't happened
in over 100 years, so he definitely missed on that one.
Replacing MTBE
by ethanol requires only a percent of
ethanol in gasoline.
When we assume the
ethanol production process is fully renewable, it would take all the corn
in the country to displace about 3.5 percent of our
gasoline consumption — only slightly more than we could displace
by making sure drivers» tires are inflated properly.
A new study
by the Energy Research Policy Foundation, Inc. (EPRINC) further debunks the popular talking point of USDA Secretary Tom Vilsack and the Renewable Fuel Association (RFA) that
ethanol reduced
gasoline prices
by $ 0.89 / gal
in 2010 and $ 1.09 / gal
in 2011.
Fuel distributing companies - I'm talking about brand name
gasoline and diesel - when approached
by a potential supplier of
ethanol can simply require provision of evidence of proper environmental permitting and of environmental management systems
in place.
Green House Gases: Replacing 2.4 % of
gasoline by ethanol gives a reduction of 0.024 * 0.13 = 0.00312 (0.3 percent) reduction
in gasoline green house gases.
Ethanol is currently transported mainly
by tanker truck or rail cars because it can not be shipped
in existing
gasoline pipelines.