Sentences with phrase «evaporation of water vapour»

Indeed enhanced evaporation of water vapour into the atmosphere is conventionally regarded as an aggravating factor because water vapour is itself a greenhouse gas (see below about that).

Not exact matches

2) In a confined volume, an increase in evaporation will result in an increased vapour pressure of H2O in the atmosphere above the water surface.

The model considers all relevant feedback processes caused by changes of water vapour, lapse - rate, surface albedo or convection and evaporation.

It involves physical conditions which set the stage for evaporation, convection, condensation of water vapour, formation of clouds, and precipitation.

In GCMs, the global mean evaporation changes closely balance the precipitation change, but not locally because of changes in the atmospheric transport of water vapour.

The conversion of a water molecule to a water vapour molecule involves a huge energy transfer from water to air so evaporation alone is a substantial factor.

Water vapour is lighter than air once formed by the acquisition of the latent heat of evaporation so no additional radiative energy needs to be acquired to enable it to rise within the Earth's gravitational field.

Evaporation will commence long before this temperature is reached and were it not for the water vapour condensing on the inside of the container you would have clouds.

And even though on average more warmth will mean more evaporation, and therefore more water vapour in the atmosphere and more precipitation in some of those zones that already have ample rainfall, the pattern could be different in the arid lands.

The theory is that increasing CO2 will cause a small bit of warming and this will increase evaporation rates (which occur fastest in the tropics) and dumps more water vapour in the atmosphere (water vapour is by far a more potent greenhouse gas than CO2) and this feedback amplification is meant to continue until Earth settles down and finds a new equilibrium temperature.

These effects are relatively well understood in the lowest level of the atmosphere, the troposphere, where increased warming leads to greater evaporation, causing more water vapour and so further warming, although this is offset to some extent through the formation of clouds that reflect incoming sunlight back into space.

As the planet warms, increasing levels of water vapour in the atmosphere caused by higher evaporation levels form more clouds and snow increasing the albedo of the planet, reflecting heat back into space more efficiently, thus working to regulate the temperature downward.

If water vapour feedback was positive then due to the increased evaporation spurred on by the original warming in the MWP there should have ensued a period of elevated temperatures for thousands of years until the cooling of the Holocene as we dip into the next glacial period overwhelmed the positive water vapour forcing.

It is not «conduction» but exchange of radiation; if you keep your hands parallel at a distance of some cm the right hand does not (radiatively) «warm» the left hand or vice versa albeit at 33 °C skin temperature they exchange some hundreds of W / m ² (about 500 W / m ²) The solar radiation reaching the surface (for 71 % of the surface, the oceans) is lost by evaporation (or evapotranspiration of the vegetation), plus some convection (20 W / ²) and some radiation reaching the cosmos directly through the window 8µm to 12 µm (about 20 W / m ² «global» average); only the radiative heat flow surface to air (absorbed by the air) is negligible (plus or minus); the non radiative (latent heat, sensible heat) are transferred for surface to air and compensate for a part of the heat lost to the cosmos by the upper layer of the water vapour displayed on figure 6 - C.

At the surface, increased pressure from injecting water vapour into a parcel of air via evaporation causes the parcel to rise so that surface pressure below it falls.

i) That parcel of air can be caused to expand relative to adjoining air parcels either by direct input of more solar energy where insolation is uneven (as it always is) or indirectly by the injection of potential energy in the form of latent heat of evaporation carried by water vapour.

If CO2 concentration is increased and we assume no cloud or water vapour feedbacks (however evaporation is NOT a feedback — it is always a major determinant of surface temperature.)

However, in the deep tropics, where the theoretical effects on the surface energy budget of temperature - driven changes in evaporation and water vapour are particularly strong, there is a near quarter century record of both SST and tas from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean array of fixed buoys in the Pacific ocean.

However the effect of downwelling infrared is always to use up all the infrared in increasing the temperature of the ocean surface molecules whilst leaving nothing in reserve to provide the extra energy required (the latent heat of evaporation) when the change of state occurs from water to vapour.

In effect the evaporation sucks energy from the oceans against the thermal gradient within the ocean bulk and despite the warming of the topmost molecules caused by infra red radiation and then expels it to the air in the form of latent heat carried by water vapour.

More DLR increases Evaporation and that increases the amount of latent heat required and also increases upward Convection because water vapour is lighter than air.

In principle, an extreme moist greenhouse might cause an instability with water vapour preventing radiation to space of all absorbed solar energy, resulting in very high surface temperature and evaporation of the ocean [105].

Instead it is a composite of the rates of evaporation and condensation, melting and freezing and thus the average time that a water molecule remains in the air in vapour form, or in the ocean as a liquid or in ice and snow as a solid.

There is next to nohing nothing in the TAR on precipitation modelling yet the cycle of evaporation > water vapour > clouds > precipitation is at the heart of quantifying the anthropogenic impact.