Sentences with phrase «evapotranspiration from»

Earth receives 64wm2 (after deduction of thermals and evapotranspiration from insolation of 161 wm2) which somehow backradiation magnifies to an emission of 396wm2.

This is due to a process known as evapotranspiration from the leaves of the forest trees.

Another contributing factor was evapotranspiration from the land surface, which is found to have acted as an important moisture source and was likely enhanced by antecedent rainfall that increased soil moisture over the northern Great Plains.

«Furthermore, recent studies suggest that fragmenting the Amazon forest could disrupt regional rainfall by breaking down a «biotic pump», in which evapotranspiration from forests creates low - pressure zones that draw in moisture - laden air from the Atlantic Ocean,» said William F. Laurance, a researcher at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, who together with Lovejoy, won the 2009 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Ecology and Conservation Biology for their work in the Brazilian Amazon.

The average relative humidity in cities is usually several percent lower than that of adjacent rural areas, primarily because of increased runoff of precipitation and the lack of evapotranspiration from vegetation in urban areas.

Water levels are influenced by the amount of evaporation from decreased ice cover and warmer air temperatures, by evapotranspiration from warmer air temperatures, and by potential increases in inflow from more precipitation.

These methods have been significantly improved by fully coupling the hydrologic cycle among land, lake, and atmosphere.94, 95 Without accounting for that cycle of interactions, a study96 concluded that increases in precipitation would be negated by increases in winter evaporation from less ice cover and by increases in summer evaporation and evapotranspiration from warmer air temperatures, under a scenario of continued increases in global emissions (SRES A2 scenario).

We estimate that removing 1 Pg C y − 1 via tropical afforestation would require at least 7 × 106 ha y − 1 of land, 0.09 Tg y − 1 of nitrogen, and 0.2 Tg y − 1 of phosphorous, and would increase evapotranspiration from those lands by almost 50 %.

As plants take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, they release water through evapotranspiration from their leaf pores, which helps them cool down in the hot sun, much as human sweat cools us down.

One report I saw suggested that 40 % of the rainfall over Brazil is «recycled» via evapotranspiration from the Amazon forest.

But during the dry season, when the fields are fallow, evapotranspiration from agricultural land was an average of 60 percent lower than from native vegetation.

Soil moisture sensors show, over time, how much water has gone into the ground, and how much has left, either from drainage or in the form of evapotranspiration from plants.

Not exact matches

In the study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the researchers found that these indirect effects explain, on average, 28 per cent of the total plant productivity response, and are almost equal to the size of direct effects on evapotranspiration (ET)-- the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the land to the atmosphere..

Their analysis reveals that the conversion of broadleaved forests to coniferous forests caused significant changes in evapotranspiration, the evaporation of water through leaves, and albedo, the amount of solar energy reflected from the Earth back into space.

In this case, the additional force that pulls the water column up the vessels or tracheids is evapotranspiration, the loss of water from the leaves through openings called stomata and subsequent evaporation of that water.

Researchers used two methods to track groundwater levels, traditional water balance estimates — which take into account surface water inflow like rainfall and snow melt, soil moisture capacity and evapotranspiration — and data from NASA's twin satellite system called GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment).

The apparent rise in evapotranspiration — the process by which water is transferred from the land to the atmosphere by evaporation from plants and soil — is increasing potential drought risk with rising temperature trends, especially during periodic drought cycles that have been linked with strong El Nino events.

Climate change can affect mountain streams in two major ways: By raising the overall temperature, increasing evapotranspiration, and by shifting the precipitation from snow to rain.

Here it can be used by plants or evaporate directly, with water loss from both processes combined called evapotranspiration.

However, they shift rainfall patterns by reducing evapotranspiration, the process by which water evaporates from the ground and enters the atmosphere.

Gentine's team is the first to isolate the response of vegetation from the global warming total complex response, which includes such variables for the water cycle as evapotranspiration (the water evaporated from the surface, both from plants and bare soil) soil moisture, and runoff.

To do so, Ichoku and his colleagues used satellite records from 2001 to 2014 — including data from NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission — to analyze the impact of fires on various water cycle indicators, namely soil moisture, precipitation, evapotranspiration and vegetation greenness.

However, in many of the same places, actual evapotranspiration inferred from surface water balance exhibits an increase in association with enhanced soil wetness from increased precipitation, as the actual evapotranspiration becomes closer to the potential evaporation measured by the pans.

However, more 90 °F + (32 °C +) days will also 1) increase evapotranspiration and water demand for most crops; 2) limit grain development from pollination to seed (i.e., grain fill); and 3) elevate heat stress on livestock.

(Evapotranspiration is the process by which water is transferred from soil and groundwater to the atmosphere through plant transpiration — loss of water through foliage — and soil evaporation.)

I'm thinking for example of how we modeled a basic estimate of evapotranspiration using the temperature gradient derived from a surface and 1.5 meter temperature reading.

Although data are not complete, and sometimes contradictory, the weight of evidence from past studies shows on a global scale that precipitation, runoff, atmospheric water vapor, soil moisture, evapotranspiration, growing season length, and wintertime mountain glacier mass are all increasing.

«Even if an area remains wet doesn't mean that it will be protected from the other aspects of climate change: rising and far more erratic air temperatures, higher rates of evaporation (evapotranspiration), and the rising concentration of CO2,» he said in an e-mail message.

Early evidence suggests that globally, the rate of water loss from soil and plants (called «evapotranspiration») has declined, a finding reinforced by a global slowdown in plant growth.

evapotranspiration loss of water from the soil both by evaporation from the surface and transpiration from the plants growing thereon

Downwelling long - wave infrared (LWIR) radiation (DLR) is supposed to increase evaporation and evapotranspiration according to AGW due to increasing GHG effect from CO2 levels.

Evapotranspiration - The combined process of evaporation from the Earth's surface and transpiration from vegetation.

This is because carbon is sequestered at a faster rate, and other biogeophysical processes (e.g. increased transfer of moisture from the surface to the atmosphere, known as evapotranspiration) enhance the cooling, in the tropics.

Global warming affects evapotranspiration — the movement of water into the atmosphere from land and water surfaces and plants due to evaporation and transpiration — which is expected to lead to:

The thing to ask is how do they know that the tree ring growth from the past wasn't stunted as a result of warmer temps causing evapotranspiration.

He modified it in 1948 by including a moisture index that relates the amount of moisture a plant needs to the amount available, known as the Potential Evapotranspiration (PE)(evapotranspiration is the combined moisture loss from the surface either directly, due to evaporation, or indirectly transpired through the plant tEvapotranspiration (PE)(evapotranspiration is the combined moisture loss from the surface either directly, due to evaporation, or indirectly transpired through the plant tevapotranspiration is the combined moisture loss from the surface either directly, due to evaporation, or indirectly transpired through the plant to the atmosphere).

Concrete and asphalt around impairing evapotranspiration, And shelter effects from the wind breaks close by.

Finally, judicious irrigation should not significantly impact stormwater management as irrigation typically occurs only during low rain / low runoff periods when the roof will dry out quickly from evapotranspiration.

We have direct observation from ground - based instruments which measure downwelling and upwelling LWR separately and the results are entirely consistent with Trenberth's energy budget cartoon, from whence it is we also find the surface fluxes for convection and evapotranspiration.

Gornitz et al. (1997) estimate that evapotranspiration of water from irrigated land leads to an increase in atmospheric water content and hence a fall in sea level of 0.14 to 0.15 mm / yr.

An important contribution to present day sea level rise could result from changes in the amount of water stored in the ground, on the surface in lakes and reservoirs, and by modifications to surface characteristics affecting runoff or evapotranspiration rates.

Net cooling by dry thermals is about 17 W / m ^ 2; by evapotranspiration about 80W / m ^ 2; and by LWIR about 63W / m ^ 2 (from Trenberth et al, reproduced in Randall's book and elsewhere.)

The lower relative humidity and increased temperatures that would result from potential reductions in fog and low cloud cover could increase plant evapotranspiration rates, raise soil water deficits, and accelerate risks of forest fire.

Soil moisture controls the relationship between actual and potential evapotranspiration and hence is a key determinant of the recycling of moisture from the land surface to the atmosphere.

4) Miskolczi's equation (4) setting downward atmospheric IR emission equal to the absorbed longwave flux from the ground implies that the atmosphere can somehow tell which heat comes from infrared and which comes from conduction, convection, or evapotranspiration.

27, Steve Fish: Water vapor from evapotranspiration has to rise upward until the lapse rate causes condensation back to water.

The team examined data on carbon - dioxide flux, evapotranspiration, sensible heat, air temperature, net radiation and photosynthetic active radiation from five FLUXNET grassland sites in Canada, the US and Hungary, along with leaf - area index information derived from satellite data.

Similarly, changes in terrestrial vegetation, such as the replacement of forests by tundra, feed back into the atmosphere via changes in both albedo and latent heat flux from evapotranspiration.

Another way of lowering your home's outdoor thermostat is a natural process called evapotranspiration, a combination of evaporation and transpiration from plants.