Sentences with phrase «even ocean surface»

Even the ocean surface is more salty in the horse latitudes, because it doesn't get rained on.

So it seems like it might be a mistake to get into a box by predicting imminent surface temperature increase, or even ocean surface temperature increase.

Not exact matches

By analogy, we may look at the surface of the ocean on a calm day and see waves, and even, if we so choose, assess their amplitude and frequency.

During the months and months of BP's ongoing oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, and even after it was finally halted, researchers struggled to determine how the oil hidden below the ocean surface was moving, and whether it was disrupting Gulf ecosystems.

In the process, they might identify a planet's surface features — such as oceans, continents, ice caps and even cloudbanks — and detect the presence of biomarkers like oxygen, methane and water.

Within the next decade, hundreds or even thousands of solar - and wind - powered drones could roam the world's oceans, using satellites to relay information gathered from the sea surface and the air above.

And around Antarctica, where even the surface ocean water is already quite cold and dense, some of that water in the ocean depths, which is also carbon rich, eventually warmed enough so that it became less dense than the water above it.

Studies of hydrogen molecules in the Venusian atmosphere by NASA's Pioneer - Venus probe indicate that the planet once had liquid water on its surface, perhaps even expansive oceans.

Its dark surface (Ceres reflects just one - fourth as much light as Vesta) indicates a water - rich interior; some researchers even speculate that it could have a mile - deep ocean under a frozen surface.

The effect of Kelvin - Helmholtz instability waves (named for 19th century scientists Lord William Thomson Kelvin and Hermann von Helmholtz) can commonly be seen in cloud patterns, on the surface of oceans or lakes, or even a backyard pool.

Titan is the only Solar System moon thought to have liquid at its surface, although Lebreton says oceans may lie beneath crusts of ice on Jupiter's moons Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, and even on Saturn's small moon Enceladus.

The waters probed during this study, known as the California Current, are a hot spot of ocean acidification because of coastal upwelling, which brings naturally acidic waters to the surface, where they are made even more acidic by greenhouse gas pollution.

Even as the surface warms, the deeps remain cool, and this cold water will continue to periodically push the ocean out of the El Niño state.

Such active geology suggests that Europa's icy surface is connected to its buried ocean — creating a possible pathway for salts, minerals and maybe even microbes to get from the ocean to the surface and back again.

They hope to collect the shrimp, mussels and even crabs from the ocean floor and bring them up to the surface during the next few days.

Some of those discovered so far appear to be rocky, whereas others seem to be fluffy and gaseous, or even to be «waterworlds» with deep oceans covering their entire surfaces.

Her real breakthrough is finding the mechanism by which molecules on Europa's surface could unite with water and energy in the lakes, and maybe even in the vast, deeper ocean.

Even if all greenhouse emissions were to stop today, atmospheric carbon dioxide will remain high for millennia, and ocean surface temperatures will stay elevated even longer, a new study prediEven if all greenhouse emissions were to stop today, atmospheric carbon dioxide will remain high for millennia, and ocean surface temperatures will stay elevated even longer, a new study predieven longer, a new study predicts.

To get an even closer look, clamber into a semisubmersible vessel and view the ocean from a few feet below the surface, or strap on an undersea helmet (complete with speakers and an air - supply hose) and stroll on the seafloor with a biologist guide.

El Niño is a weather pattern characterized by a periodic fluctuation in sea surface temperature and air pressure in the Pacific Ocean, which causes climate variability over the course of years, sometimes even decades.

Thanks to natural warming and cooling, oxygen concentrations at the sea surface are constantly changing — and those changes can linger for years or even decades deeper in the ocean.

But even if a planet is found in this so - called «Goldilocks» zone, where oceans could, in theory, abound, is there actually enough water available to wet the surface?

Deep trenches, unexplored surfaces and a long, treacherous journey: Sounds like a voyage to Mars, but it also describes the trip to the bottoms of Earth's own oceans, about which we know even less than the Red Planet.

Even where methane increases are observed at the ocean surface, scientists need better data to determine whether emissions come from hydrates or other seafloor sources.

«The mounting evidence is coalescing around the idea that decades of stronger trade winds coincide with decades of stalls or even slight cooling of global surface temperatures, as heat is apparently transferred from the atmosphere into the upper ocean,» Linsley said.

But in many instances, the simulations show, even planets starting with rocky cores as little as 1.5 Earth's mass may trap and hold atmospheres containing between 100 and 1000 times the amount of hydrogen found in the water in Earth's oceans — thick, dense envelopes exerting pressures so hellish that life on the planets» surfaces might be almost impossible.

Samples collected from the ocean floor reveal how the mantle's convective forces shape the earth's surface, create its crust and perhaps even affect its rotation

Scheduled for launch in May, it will place a seismometer on the surface to probe the interior and perhaps find frozen remnants of that ancient ocean, or even liquid water.

Even the deepest parts of the ocean — with pressures up to 1000 times that at the surface — are buzzing with shrimp - like creatures called amphipods, as well as sea cucumbers, nematodes and other worms, and bacteria.

Out of several factors we considered in our model simulation, only one (sulphuric acid) could have made the surface ocean severely corrosive to calcite, but even then the amounts of sulphur required are unfeasibly large.

As tides raised by Jupiter in Europa's ocean rise and fall, they may cause cracking, additional heating, and even venting of water vapor into the airless sky above Europa's icy surface.

Bacteria, however, have remained Earth's most successful form of life — found miles deep below as well as within and on surface rock, within and beneath the oceans and polar ice, floating in the air, and within as well as on Homo sapiens sapiens; and some Arctic thermophiles apparently even have life - cycle hibernation periods of up to a 100 million years while waiting for warmer conditions underneath increasing layers of sea sediments (Lewis Dartnell, New Scientist, September 20, 2010; and Hubert et al, 2010).

Scientists have theorized for years that an ocean could be hiding beneath Europa's icy surface, one that even contains oxygen.

Even deeper oceans of 60 to 125 miles (100 to 200 km) are now believed to lie below surface ice on Callisto and Ganymede, which orbit further out from Jupiter.

But for the reduction of atmospheric CO2, the surface ocean CO2 must also have fallen even given the greater solubility.

Some may even still have magma oceans today, whether because they are so close to their stars that silicate vaporizes at the equilibrium temperatures or through massive greenhouse warming of their surfaces.

These figures may be even more noteworthy given that the uptake occurs predominantly in seasonally ice - free areas, which are a fraction of the Arctic Ocean surface.

Cooling sea - surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean — part of a natural warm and cold cycle — may explain why global average temperatures have stabilized in recent years, even as greenhouse gas emissions have been warming the planet.

Even more crustal minerals were formed by plate tectonics with the help of lubricating ocean water, atmospheric oxygen from the successful development of photosynthetic microbes, and land - based lichens (of algae and fungi) and mosses which were followed by deep - rooted plants that hastened the erosion and weathering of surface rocks with the help of biochemical action and the creation of soils as well as new clay minerals.

Not only is the flower crown a boho touch, but it is also a nod to the original story as the grandmother placed a crown of lilies on each granddaughter's head the evening of their 16th birthday when they were each allowed to go to the surface of the ocean for the first time.

Not even dimples on the ocean's surface.

However, casual reading while you are hundreds of feet under the ocean surface is probably the last thing that even the most avid readers wouldn't think to do.

You might even catch a glimpse of a giant humpback whale breaching the ocean's surface!

The tall, sharp volcanic walls plunge many meters below the ocean's surface and provide shocking and exciting scuba diving that thrills even the very best and experienced of divers.

This time, you can dive beneath the surface of rivers and oceans to uncover loot hidden in riverbeds or even inside massive shipwrecks.

A wall - sized aerial view of the Sahara desert has almost infinite detail due to the high resolution capacities of digital imaging, but it remains an enigmatic landscape; an image of women playing cards on an evening street in Hong Kong taken without flash would have been impossible without recent advances in photographic technology; a still life of aquatic plants and animals reveals what is otherwise hidden beneath the ocean surface; and images of border crossings depict territorial differences that are materially invisible.

Scientists are currently interested in why temperatures at the surface of the ocean have been rising slower than in previous decades, even though we're emitting greenhouse gases faster than ever.

Actually, I thought about it and having oceanic circulation does allow this behavior (that the surface temperature can decline when forcing is declining even while it is still less than the equilibrium temperature)-- it makes sense because the deep ocean may still be pulling the surface temperature toward a much lower temperature.

But if something causes heat to be transferred from the ocean surface into its deeps more rapidly than usual, ocean surface temperatures could rise more slowly, not rise at all, or even fall despite the increased backradiation.

Even if ocean surface temperatures fall as in (3), heat continues to accumulate in the earth system until the amount of outgoing radiation at the top of atmosphere equals the amount of incoming radiation there.