Sentences with phrase «evidence from previous studies»

Evidence from previous studies shows that a diet high in refined starches and added sugars, with a high glycemic load, worsens the disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism, such as insulin resistance and the lipid triad.

The finding, in combination with evidence from previous studies, suggests that these molten regions deep below, near the core - mantle boundary of the Earth, may cause basaltic ocean island chains to form along the surface.

Dr Wang says, «Although there is some evidence from previous studies that sporting ability and achievement in sports and athletics are negatively related to 2D: 4D, this might not reflect levels of regular physical activity in the general population.

Not exact matches

As an example, they cited outside research and «early evidence» from a previous study Matias conducted on Internet messaging board Reddit that involved showing readers of Reddit's «r / science» forum rules for commenting.

Interventions to improve breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity and duration are based on extensive evidence from both observational and intervention studies of short - and long - term health benefits of breastfeeding for both mothers and infants.13 — 15 Nevertheless, to our knowledge none of previous studies has systematically examined whether the increases in breastfeeding resulting from such interventions have equally benefited all socioeconomic groups.

That corresponds well with evidence from previous paleobotanical studies of the region, which suggest that it was dotted with lakes surrounded by coniferous forests.

New sociological evidence from a a small fishing village in Baja California, Mexico suggests that the creation of marine protected areas, which influence who gets to fish and how much of species they can take, generates both extreme pro-social and anti-social behaviors among fishers, a finding that differs from previous economic and psychology studies.

Previous studies have found evidence that IL - 27 has a moderating effect on the Th2 response, and in general, keeps T - cells — the «battle tanks» of the immune system — from causing too much damage.

Previous studies have revealed that during a race, marathon runners often show evidence of dangerous changes to the heart, including an enlarged right atrium (the chamber that receives oxygen - starved blood from the body) and elevated levels in the blood of enzymes that signal heart damage.

While the study confirms some of what was previously known about the southern pine species, the finding in the Pinelands — that a high percentage of pine trees in a stand is a more important factor than moisture levels — is in contrast to previous research from the South that indicated strong evidence for the connection between high moisture and stand susceptibility.

Debate over the timing of human origins will continue despite the new evidence from the child, whose remains came from previous shoreline excavations near the town of Ballito Bay, says Uppsala University evolutionary geneticist and study coauthor Mattias Jakobsson.

Their analysis — which used DNA data from a Neandertal woman from the Altai Mountains in Siberia (SN: 1/25/14, p. 17) and 112,338 present - day British people — confirmed some links between Neandertal heritage and human diseases made by previous studies (SN: 3/5/16, p. 18), but didn't find evidence that Neandertal gene variants contribute to obesity.

Previous evidence for the relationship came from autopsies and from studies suggesting that some genetic variants that affect synapses also increase the chance of mental illness.

Still, the team's predictions line up well enough with archaeological evidence and previous genomic studies that many scientists suspect the view from mitochondrial DNA's narrow window is largely accurate.

Some evidence comes from a previous study that monitored the sleep of people who have a disorder that means they often physically act out their dreams.

This major omission from the previous studies shows that much more robust evidence is needed to justify the major changes in hospital services that are underway.»

«From previous evidence, the relationship between BMI and mortality has been shown to be J - shaped and not linear as this study shows.

As I have explored in previous posts, there is evidence of the effects of preschool on more advantaged students from studies that use other rigorous methods, but I have not yet cited a random assignment experiment.

Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measurements).

The earlier period of powerful hurricane activity matched previous studies that found evidence of high hurricane activity during the same period in more southerly areas of the western North Atlantic Ocean basin — from the Caribbean to the Gulf Coast.

Previous evidence that permafrost is warming80 has been confirmed and enhanced by more recent studies.81, 82 The most recent modeling efforts (for example, Avis et al. 2011; Jafarov et al. 201283,84) extend earlier results85, 86 and project that permafrost will be lost from the upper few meters from large parts of Alaska by the end of this century.

Another study found that long - term smokers have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer, a finding that factored into the recent decision by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to assert that there is «sufficient» evidence to link the two, up from its previous «limited» evidence.

The results of this study indicate that parental encouragement to be physically active can predict adolescents» physical activity habits, supporting previous evidence from the cross-sectional literature [8 — 12], including the review of correlates of physical activity among adolescents conducted by Sallis, et al. [8], and providing additional evidence to support Dowda, et al.'s recent findings that these may be lasting, long - term effects [13].

Multiple factors reportedly increase the risk of suicide.44 - 49 Substance abuse has repeatedly been associated with suicidal behaviors, and depression has as well.1,50 - 62 Moreover, previous reports from the ACE Study have demonstrated strong, graded relationships between the number of adverse childhood experiences and the risk of alcohol or illicit substance abuse and depressive disorders.23, 24,28 Although a temporal relationship between the onset of substance abuse or depressive disorders and lifetime suicide attempts in the ACE Study cohort is uncertain, our analysis of the potential mediating effects of these known risk factors provides evidence that for some persons, adverse childhood experiences play a role in the development of substance abuse or depression.

Parental mental illness Relatively little has been written about the effect of serious and persistent parental mental illness on child abuse, although many studies show that substantial proportions of mentally ill mothers are living away from their children.14 Much of the discussion about the effect of maternal mental illness on child abuse focuses on the poverty and homeless - ness of mothers who are mentally ill, as well as on the behavior problems of their children — all issues that are correlated with involvement with child welfare services.15 Jennifer Culhane and her colleagues followed a five - year birth cohort among women who had ever been homeless and found an elevated rate of involvement with child welfare services and a nearly seven - times - higher rate of having children placed into foster care.16 More direct evidence on the relationship between maternal mental illness and child abuse in the general population, however, is strikingly scarce, especially given the 23 percent rate of self - reported major depression in the previous twelve months among mothers involved with child welfare services, as shown in NSCAW.17

Reports from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Study have shown that childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction are strongly associated with many risk factors for IHD, including smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and depression.5, 6 However, no previous research has provided evidence to link IHD in adulthood as a possible long - term consequence of childhood trauma.

The mounting evidence regarding the findings from this study and our previous work6, 22,29,30 provides strong support for the self - regulation theory10 in explaining how the child behavior component of the COPE program positively affects maternal coping.

There is strong evidence from many previous studies that violent media contributes to children's antisocial behaviors, suggesting a plausible link between children's violent television exposure and peer integration.

: Evidence From Healthy Families Virginia Huntington & Galano (2014) Zero to Three, 33 (3) View Abstract Reviews a study that compares the outcomes of mothers who have had previous births and first time mothers participating in early home - visiting programs and provides findings that measured three aspects of participation: time in the program, the number of home visits, and the intensity of services.

Previous studies suggested that early childhood trauma can lead to an array of negative health outcomes and behaviors, including substance abuse, among both adolescents and adults.22 — 25 For example, childhood physical and sexual abuse has been shown to be associated with illegal drug use.26 — 28 Although these studies provide evidence that most substance abusers come from abusive homes, many of these studies have taken a «categorical» approach to examine the relationship between 1 or 2 forms of these childhood exposures and subsequent drug abuse; few studies have examined illicit drug use and abuse in relation to multiple disturbing or stressful childhood exposures.

The study also cited evidence from previous research showing that reducing the role of authoritarian structures in teaching can help to foster a better educational climate, characterised by more authentic relationships with adults and positive, democratic group dynamics.