Assuming nuclear replaced all remaining coal fired electricity generation, the world would avoid a further 487,000 fatalities per year (total fatalities avoided by existing nuclear plus replacement of
existing coal generation = 648,000 fatalities per year.).
Each of these regulations will inflict substantial costs, drive down
existing coal generation and have dubious environmental benefits.
If I understand the above calculation correctly, it would seem that, in the electricity sector, we could mostly concentrate on meeting additional demand with efficiency and carbon neutral generation (and avoid some of the fights associated with replacing
existing coal generation plants); but if we need to reduce emissions by 80 % by 2050, then I am not sure whether this makes sense.
Not exact matches
«The leadership shown by Alberta's government to replace two - thirds of
existing coal - fired electricity
generation capacity with renewable energy will greatly help the province in achieving its ambitious climate change objectives,» adds Hornung.
That project would include the closure of DEP's
existing 379 MW Asheville 1 and 2
coal units and construction of about 752 MW of natural gas - fired
generation (two 280 MW combined cycle units proposed to commence operations in 2019 and an optional 192 MW combustion turbine unit proposed to commence operations in 2023).
The Department of Energy's Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on ways to compensate baseload
generation, now under consideration at the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, may provide some relief to
existing coal plants, but the report notes that the PJM Interconnection compensates plants for reliability through its capacity market and that «has not yet translated into significant revenues for
coal - fired
generation.»
States could allow
generation from new, not - under - construction plants to displace
generation (and emissions) from
existing coal or natural gas plants that were accounted for in the emission rate computation.
In the Reference case,
coal generation at
existing coal plants is supported by a steady rise in natural gas prices beyond 2020, with annual average spot prices exceeding $ 7.50 per million Btu by 2040.
Natural gas - fired
generation is highly dependent on natural gas prices as a result of competition with
existing coal plants and renewables.
According to Alex Morgan, lead North American wind analyst for Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), analysis completed for BNEF's New Energy Outlook 2017 found that wind energy
generation will be cheaper than
existing coal - fired sources by 2025 and cheaper than
existing gas - fired
generation by 2027.
Expanded
generation from renewables, rising natural gas prices, and static CPP targets in the post-2030 period in the CPP case allow
existing coal - fired plants to operate at a higher utilization rate which rises from a low of 60 % in 2024 to 71 % in 2040.
New wind power is now cheaper per megawatt - hour than new
coal - or gas - fired electricity
generation, but renewable energy still needs subsidies to compete with
existing generators.
Residential customers experiencing the highest increases, and / or potential increases, are those who are heavily dependent on
coal - fueled
generation, as required retrofits can not economically meet
existing environmental requirements — resulting in the proposed retirement of older
coal - fueled plants.
We certainly don't need any new
coal mines or gas wells to have sufficient fossil fuel supply to keep
existing power generators running while we transition to renewable electricity
generation.
High - income countries should commit now to end the building of new unabated
coal - fired power
generation and accelerate early retirement of
existing unabated capacity, while middle - income countries should aim to limit new construction now and halt new builds by 2025.»
Just under a third of
existing coal - based power
generation in the United States has been shut down, and the Obama administration has aggressively embraced the replacement of
coal with gas as a key part of meeting its 2030 climate targets.
Furthermore, although an RPS may displace some new
coal - fired
generation with other types of
generation, there is little, if any, effect on the operation of
existing coal - fired power plants.
Two - thirds of
existing Indian
coal generation is now more expensive than solar or wind
generation, and keeping these power plants running costs India billions every year, according to Greenpeace research comparing CEA 2015 - 2016
coal power
generation data to new renewable energy project bids.
But if
existing combustion power plants could be adapted to use metal powder instead of
coal or other fossil fuels, then much of the
existing power generating infrastructure could be used, and power
generation could continue to be in the same places it is now, using the same grid as is currently supplying electricity.
Two - thirds of
existing Indian
coal generation is now more expensive than solar or wind
generation
New wind and solar is now 20 % cheaper than
existing coal - fired
generation's average wholesale power price, and 65 % of India's
coal power
generation is being sold at higher rates than new renewable energy bids in competitive power auctions.
IEEFA finds India's wind and solar energy costs have fallen 50 % to as low as $ 38 per megawatt hour (MWh) over the past two years, with renewable energy bids in new auctions costing 20 % less than the cost of wholesale electricity from
existing Indian
coal generation, and 30 - 50 % less than the required cost to justify new imported
coal or liquefied natural gas capacity.
Emissions trading will only be viable in China's electricity if its helps to solve some of the sector's
existing challenges — inefficiency in overall
generation, running deficits of
coal generators, system reliability — while contributing to balanced economic development objectives.
Of course, any change in the electricity
generation mix will result in job losses in some areas, such as the closure of
existing coal plants, and gains in other areas, such as new renewable energy resources and energy efficiency.
Proposed U.S. standards for reducing carbon emissions from
existing coal - fired power plants rely heavily upon
generation - side efficiency improvements.
The chart shows needed & unneeded
coal capacity (GW) in 2020 based on
existing plants as of 2016 and under construction under different
coal plant capacity factors and power
generation growth rates.
For example, additional capacity beyond
existing plants is only required by 2020 if power
generation growth exceeds 4 % year and
coal plants are run at utilisation rate of 45 % or less.
The changing
generation mix, the slowdown in power
generation growth and
existing coal plant overcapacity combine to present a different challenge for China.
By regulating carbon emissions from
existing coal plants, Obama is essentially forcing utilities to take the cost of pollution into consideration for
generation fleets.
What smaller projects would the USDOE decide to fund?With the high tech, integrated projects temporarily sidelined, everyone was left to wonder which cost - effective technologies would emerge for
existing (non-gasification)
coal - fired electricity
generation facilities.
There are not any valid technical reasons why we can not build a national grid connecting wind and solar power
generation to replace all
existing coal fired
generation using OCGT as back - up and for extreme peak demand.
In Europe, for instance, the use of
coal for power
generation produces very little sulphate aerosol or black carbon because of
existing air - quality controls.
And while the Trump administration is taking steps to roll back regulations restricting
coal - fired
generation, many
coal fired plants have already invested in equipment to comply with
existing laws and regulations, such as the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards.
The takeaway from this chart is that according to EIA, although natural gas might be the least expensive source of electricity
generation if you are building new plants, where
coal plants are already built and where hydroelectric dams
exist,
coal and hydroelectric power is the cheapest.
Therefore if shale gas was to displace
existing coal electricity
generation then there would be a net carbon reduction.