Does this mean that the predictions of Antarctic ice melting derive from future projections of global temperature increase, and not from
existing ice data?
Not exact matches
Combining the
existing ISO, Spitzer, VLT and Keck
ice data results in a large sample of
ice sources (\ sime80) that span all stages of star formation and a large range of protostellar luminosities (< 0.1 - 105 L \ odot).
We know from
data that we have caused the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere to rise sharply during the past century: it is now much higher than any time during the past 650,000 years (which is as far back as reliable
ice core
data exist).
We need further field
data from key areas of East Antarctica to reject some of the
ice model scenarios — although there are fewer rock outcrops to sample geologically and geodetically in this region there are still large regions where outcrops
exist but no, or few,
data have been collected and / or results have been published.
GISS also masks sea surface temperature wherever sea
ice has
existed so there is little
data in the Arctic Ocean.
[17] Before the advent of satellite - based imagery in 1973, sea
ice concentration
data for the Antarctic are not available, and sea
ice extent
data are not readily available for indi - vidual months, seasons or years, although some visible and infrared
data do
exist for 1966 — 1972 [Zwally et al., 1983] and some undigitized charts reside in national archives (e.g., V. Smolyanitsky, personal communication, 2002).
A wealth of historical imagery
exists for Greenland, and scientists could use this
data to develop even more detailed histories of the
ice sheet, and to determine whether the Greenland Ice Sheet was at equilibrium — not losing or gaining mass — in recent tim
ice sheet, and to determine whether the Greenland
Ice Sheet was at equilibrium — not losing or gaining mass — in recent tim
Ice Sheet was at equilibrium — not losing or gaining mass — in recent times.
Including open - water phytoplankton biomarkers as well as micropaleontological
data, we demonstrate (1) that a permanent sea
ice cover
existed during MIS 6 and (2) that during the LIG sea
ice was still present in the central Arctic Ocean during the spring / summer season even under (global) boundary conditions significantly warmer than the present.
Our proxy reconstruction of the last interglacial sea
ice cover is supported by climate simulations, although some proxy
data / model inconsistencies still
exist.
For instance the Vostok
ice - core
data over 415,000 years has an average measurement - spacing of 756 years, meaning that the likelihood of measuring an increase in atmospheric CO2 as the one measured at Mauna Loa over the last 50 years, if one
existed in the Vostok
ice - core samples, amounts to 6.6 % (i.e. 50/756).
• Expand our
existing Unified Sea
Ice Thickness Climate Data Record (Sea Ice CDR) to include ICESat, IceBridge, and CryoSat - 2 estimates of the ice thickne
Ice Thickness Climate
Data Record (Sea
Ice CDR) to include ICESat, IceBridge, and CryoSat - 2 estimates of the ice thickne
Ice CDR) to include ICESat, IceBridge, and CryoSat - 2 estimates of the
ice thickne
ice thickness.
Ice - ocean model simulations, on the other hand, have requirements with respect to data density and quality, e.g., for observed ice thickness fields used in initialization of model runs, that are currently not being met by existing data sources (with the exception of, e.g., satellite - observed ice concentration field
Ice - ocean model simulations, on the other hand, have requirements with respect to
data density and quality, e.g., for observed
ice thickness fields used in initialization of model runs, that are currently not being met by existing data sources (with the exception of, e.g., satellite - observed ice concentration field
ice thickness fields used in initialization of model runs, that are currently not being met by
existing data sources (with the exception of, e.g., satellite - observed
ice concentration field
ice concentration fields).
It seems reasonable to me that some of this
data may not
exist since the
ice was melting or sublimating because of high temperatures at the poles.
Snow depth over sea
ice data You might be surprised to find out how few
data on snow depth over sea
ice exists (i.e., actual observations or measurements), apart from measurements that ringed seal researchers have collected.
The very limited
data that
exist have shown that the Antarctic has been cooling ever so slightly most recently, which probably also has something to do with the slightly increasing sea
ice there.
Notice that the stomata record is invariably higher than the
ice core record, where both sets of
data exist.
Direct
data does not
exist for periods earlier than those represented in the
ice core record, a record that indicates CO2 mole fractions stayed within a range of 180 ppm to 280 ppm throughout the last 800,000 years, until the increase of the last 250 years.
Passive microwave
data may show
ice where none actually
exists due to signal variation between land and water along coastlines, or because of atmospheric interference from rain or high winds over the
ice - free ocean.
1930's arctic temperature
data doesn't seem so far from the present phase but reconstructions that
exist have the
ice conditions very different.